Used Dmg Ctx 410 for sale (384)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2007, CNC Turning-Milling Center CTX 410 - Year 2007 Heidenhain Plus IT control - 3-jaw chuck - Driven tool stations Dedoxy Nqcspfx Aaaoup - Tailstock - Chip conveyor - Coolant tank

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2006, operating hours: 40,396 h, controller manufacturer: SIEMENS, controller model: 840D powerline, This DMG Gildemeister CTX410 was manufactured in 2006. It features a spindle speed of 5,000 RPM, a 12-position tool turret, and live tools in 3 positions. The through-hole diameter is 65 mm. Consider the opportunity to buy this DMG Gildemeister CTX410 horizontal turning machine. Contact us for more information. • Tool turret: 12 positions Duedpjx U S Enjfx Aaasp • Live tools: 3 positions • Toolholder type: VDI 40 • Through-hole: 65 mm • Delivery time under consultation

Year of construction: 2011, condition: ready for operation (used), - USED- 2-AXIS CNC LATHE MAX ROTATING DIAMETER: 330 mm MAX TURNING LENGTH: 450 mm MAX TURNING DIAMETER: 200 mm BAR CAPACITY: 51 mm SPINDLE: 5000 rpm; 11-16,5 kW X-AXIS TRAVEL: 160 mm Z-AXIS TRAVEL: 450 mm DRIVEN TURRET HEAD: 12 POS CONTROL UNIT: SIEMENS 810D WEIGHT: 3400 Kg OVERALL DIMENSIONS: 4325 x 2071 x 1742 mm Duodpfx Asyry S Aoaaop ACCESSORIES: SWARF CONVEYOR

Year of construction: 2011, condition: ready for operation (used), - USED- 2-AXIS CNC LATHE MAX ROTATING DIAMETER: 330 mm MAX TURNING LENGTH: 450 mm MAX TURNING DIAMETER: 200 mm BAR CAPACITY: 51 mm SPINDLE: 5000 rpm; 11-16,5 kW X-AXIS TRAVEL: 160 mm Dusdpfxoyry S Ns Aaasp Z-AXIS TRAVEL: 450 mm DRIVEN TURRET HEAD: 12 POS CONTROL UNIT: SIEMENS 810D WEIGHT: 3400 Kg OVERALL DIMENSIONS: 4325 x 2071 x 1742 mm

Year of construction: 2012, condition: ready for operation (used), - USED - 3-AXIS CNC LATHE DISTANCE BETWEEN CENTRES: 520 mm MAX ROTATING DIAMETER: 500 mm MAX TURNING LENGTH: 335 mm MAX TURNING DIAMETER: 200 mm Dedpfx Aaeyry Scjaoup BAR CAPACITY: 52 mm SPINDLE: 6000 rpm; 15-20 kW; 95-127 Nm X-AXIS TRAVEL: 190 mm Z-AXIS TRAVEL: 335 mm RAPID FEEDS X-Z: 30 m/min DRIVEN TURRET HEAD: VDI30 ; 12 POS; 5000 rpm; 5,4-18 kW CONTROL UNIT: SIEMENS 840D WEIGHT: 3800 Kg OVERALL DIMENSIONS: 4260 x 1710 x 1825 mm ACCESSORIES: FUME EXHAUSTER ; SWARF CONVEYOR ; TOOL SETTER

Year of construction: 2012, condition: ready for operation (used), - USED - 3-AXIS CNC LATHE DISTANCE BETWEEN CENTRES: 520 mm MAX ROTATING DIAMETER: 500 mm Dsdpoyry Sisfx Aaajup MAX TURNING LENGTH: 335 mm MAX TURNING DIAMETER: 200 mm BAR CAPACITY: 52 mm SPINDLE: 6000 rpm; 15-20 kW; 95-127 Nm X-AXIS TRAVEL: 190 mm Z-AXIS TRAVEL: 335 mm RAPID FEEDS X-Z: 30 m/min DRIVEN TURRET HEAD: 12 ; VDI30 POS; 5000 rpm; 5,4-18 kW CONTROL UNIT: SIEMENS 840D WEIGHT: 3800 Kg OVERALL DIMENSIONS: 4260 x 1710 x 1825 mm ACCESSORIES: FUME EXHAUSTER ; SWARF CONVEYOR ; TOOL SETTER

Year of construction: 2020, operating hours: 6,056 h, condition: ready for operation (used), Control Unit Brand SIEMENS Model 840D General Data Measurements width 3150 Measurements depth 5564 mm Measurements height 2135 mm Machine weight 10000 kg Main Drive Dsdex D Iv Eopfx Aaasup Spindle speed range 3600 Movement X-Axis Rapid Traverse 30 m/min Y-Axis Rapid Traverse 22.5 m/min Z-Axis Rapid Traverse 33 m/min Workpiece Workpiece drm over bed 800 mm Workpiece drm 600 mm Tools Slots in storage 12 This 3-axis horizontal turning machine manufactured in 2020 features a Siemens 840D control and a spindle speed up to 3,600 rpm. It offers a max turning diameter of 600 mm and a length of 2000 mm. Equipped with a chip conveyor, Siemens CELOS control system, and a fume extraction system, it's ideal for complex machining tasks. Consider the opportunity to buy this DMG MORI CTX 2000 horizontal turning machine. Contact us for more information about this machine. Application Types Turning

Year of construction: 2006, operating hours: 29,689 h, condition: ready for operation (used), General Data Measurements width 1553 mm Measurements depth 3890 mm Measurements height 1890mm Machine weight 3500 kg Control Unit Brand FANUC Model 180i Main Drive Spindle speed range 5000 rpm Number of axis 2 Movement X-Axis Movement 210mm Z-Axis Movement 450mm Turret Number of turrets 1 Tools Number of index 12 This DMG Gildemeister CTX 320 linear was manufactured in 2006. A reliable horizontal turning machine, it offers robust performance for precision machining. Consider the opportunity to buy this DMG Gildemeister CTX 320 horizontal turning machine. Contact us for more information. Dujdpfx Aajx D Igkoaop Application Types Turning

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2014, operating hours: 13,252 h, spindle speed (max.): 4,000 rpm, spindle motor power: 17,500 W, controller manufacturer: SIEMENS, controller model: 840D SL, number of axes: 2, This DMG CTX 450 V3 horizontal turning machine was manufactured in 2014. It features a Siemens 840D SL CNC control, a 12-position VDI 40 tool turret with driven tools, and a high-torque main spindle. The compact design includes side chip discharge and a heavy-duty hydraulic tailstock. Ideal for high-precision turning, it also has a bar machining capability with a maximum bar diameter of 65 mm. Contact us for more information about this machine. Djdpfx Asx E Eaasaasup • Control: Siemens Sinumerik 840D SL with ShopTurn; Ergonomic SlimlinePanel; Ethernet and USB data transfer; graphical support; ProgressLine & PlanOnLight; electronic cycle-time and part-count display • Tool system: 12-position servo turret, VDI 40; 12 driven tool stations (DIN 5480 coupling); possibility to mount 6 BT toolholders on turret periphery • Measuring systems: Direct measuring systems on X and Z with air-purge protection • Spindle & workholding: Main spindle 17.5 kW / 370 Nm (40% ED), up to 4000 rpm; bar machining through spindle; max. bar diameter 65 mm; chuck with through-hole clamping mechanism • Tailstock: Heavy-duty hydraulic tailstock, programmable with two selectable feed speeds • Axes/guides: Linear guides on all axes, width 45 mm; rigid machine bed; high positioning accuracy • Footprint/chips: Compact footprint; chip discharge from the side • Lighting: Integrated LED work area lighting • Coolant: High-pressure coolant pump 12 bar; manual coolant flushing gun 5 bar Additional equipment • Chip conveyor (included)

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2002, controller manufacturer: SIEMENS, controller model: 840D Powerline, number of axes: 4, This 4-axis DMG CTX 420 Linear V6 was manufactured in 2002. It features a Siemens 840D Powerline control, VDI 40 tool holder, Y-axis, chip conveyor, and a counter spindle. The machine has been fully overhauled by Eichten Werkzeugmaschinen GmbH, ensuring it is in perfect condition. If you are looking to get high-quality turn-mill capabilities, consider the DMG CTX 420 Linear V6 machine we have for sale. Contact us for more information. Additional equipment • PCU 50 • Y-axis • KSA pump • Hollow clamping cylinder 65 mm • Counter spindle with ejector cylinder • Parts catcher • Discharge conveyor • Sauter star turret with angled tools • Preparation bar loader Machine Benefits Technical Machine Benefits • In the event of sale, some tool holders, including driven tools, would also be sold. Extra Information Dusdpfxex D R Hgs Aaaop The machine was completely dismantled, cleaned, checked for all functions, and overhauled by Eichten Werkzeugmaschinen GmbH in December 2023 before it was put into operation. It is therefore technically in perfect condition.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2014, operating hours: 48,973 h, controller manufacturer: SIEMENS, controller model: 840 D, number of axes: 3, This DMG MORI CTX Beta 800 4a was manufactured in 2014. It features a Siemens 840 D control system, a counter spindle, and a bar machine package for enhanced versatility. The machine includes a 980-liter coolant system and a hinge type conveyor for efficient operation. If you are looking to get high-quality turning and milling capabilities, consider the DMG MORI CTX Beta 800 4a machine we have for sale. Contact us for more information about this machine. • 2 x 16 fold Sauter star VID 30 • Siemens 840 D • Excentric turning and milling operation • TC alternating speed • Counter spindle • Glass scales Y1, Z1, Z2, Z3, X1, X2, X3 Additional equipment • 980 liter coolant with 8 bar/20 L and 20 bar/40 L programmed by M function • Pater band filter Dsdpfx Aox D Nd Deaasup • Chuck rinsing device for main outside • Chuck rinsing device for counter outside • Coolant spray gun • Hinge type conveyor • Bar machine package • Window cleaning with compressed air • SK package for alu machining • Tool breakage Artis CTM

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2014, operating hours: 27,608 h, controller manufacturer: SIEMENS, This 5-axis DMG MORI CTX beta 800 TC was manufactured in 2014. It features a main spindle speed of 5,000 RPM and a sub spindle speed of 6,000 RPM, along with a 30-piece tool magazine. Ideal for complex turn-mill operations, consider the opportunity to buy this DMG MORI CTX beta 800 TC turn-mill centre. Contact us for further details regarding this machine. Dsdpfx Aaex U D Hqsaeup • Tools: 30 pcs • Incl tools shown on the pictures • Excl barfeeder

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2015, operating hours: 48,086 h, controller manufacturer: SIEMENS, controller model: 840D, number of axes: 3, This 3-axis DMG MORI CTX Beta 800 4a was manufactured in 2015. It features a Siemens 840 D control, a main spindle and counter spindle, and a bar machine package for efficient operations. Ideal for complex turning and milling tasks, it includes a hinge type conveyor and a coolant system with multiple pressure settings. If you are looking to get high-quality turning capabilities, consider the DMG MORI CTX Beta 800 4a machine we have for sale. Contact us for more information. • IMS 76 main spindle Dsdpfex D Ndwex Aaajup • Counter spindle • 2 x 16-station Sauter star turret VID 30 • Siemens 840D control • Eccentric turning and milling capability • TC alternating speed • Glass scales on X1, X2, X3, Y1, Z1, Z2, Z3 • Counter spindle slide with cross stroke, C3, tailstock Additional equipment • 980 L coolant system with 8 bar/20 L and 20 bar/40 L high-pressure, M-function programmable • Paper band filter • Chuck rinsing device for main (outside) • Chuck rinsing device for counter (outside) • Coolant spray gun • Hinge-type chip conveyor • Bar machine package (bar feeder) • Window cleaning with compressed air • SK package for aluminum machining • Tool breakage monitoring Artis CTM

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2021, operating hours: 13,392 h, spindle motor power: 13,000 W, spindle speed (max.): 6,000 rpm, controller manufacturer: SIEMENS, controller model: 840D with ShopTurn 3G, number of axes: 3, This 3-axis DMG MORI CTX Alpha 500 V6 was manufactured in 2021. A versatile turn-mill centre featuring a Siemens 840D controller, ERGOline interface, and CELOS manufacturing support. It offers a 470 mm machining length, 6000 rpm max speed, and a 12-position Sauter turret with live tooling. Ideal for complex machining tasks. Contact us for more information about this machine. Additional equipment • CELOS Products • DMG MORI Service Agent • DMG MORI NetService • DMG MORI IoT Connector • DMG MORI Messenger V2 SERVICE Camera • Tail Stock • the 2 SMW-Autoblok BBD17/52 which can also be seen on the machine chuck. • and the addition of the software (tccentric turning and milling cycle, as well as a deburring toothing cycle). Machine Benefits Technical Machine Benefits • Hydraulic cylinder with Ø52 mm through-hole • 12-position sauter turret • Vdi 30 tool mounting (din 69880-30) • Live tool interface (din 5480 standard) • Direct measuring scale on the x-axis • Tool system for turret: trifix® system (din 69880, vdi 3425, din 5480) • Y-axis: ±40 mm travel Extra Information Main Spindle Chuck SMW-Autoblok BBD 170/52 Counter Spindle Chuck SMW-Autoblok BBD 175/52 Counter Spindle Option Programmable tailstock force: Adjustable between 80-300 daN Dedpfjx D Efwjx Aaaeup Media Coolant filtration: Dual-cartridge filter (50 μm) Coolant cleaning: External flushing system for spindles Coolant tank with 6-bar pump Automation Bar machining package: Fully hydraulic cylinder Ø52 mm Workpiece catcher with conveyor for parts Ø51 × 185 mm (max 3 kg) 4-color operating mode signal light Bar loader interface compatible with IEMCA, Breuning IRCO, LNS

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2004, operating hours: 31,960 h, controller manufacturer: HEIDENHAIN, number of axes: 2, This 2-axis DMG GILDEMEISTER CTX 320 linear V3 was manufactured in 2004. A versatile turn-mill centre, it offers robust construction and precision for complex machining tasks. If you are looking to get high quality turning and milling capabilities consider the DMG CTX 320 linear V3 machine we have for sale. Contact us for more information. Additional equipment • Bar package with a pick-up device and parts conveyor belt • Bar guide for 1.5 metre bars and workpiece stop • Hainbuch SK 65 clamping top • Indicator light for machine's operating status • Cooling unit for air conditioning the control cabinet • OPTIONAL: A basic tool kit / A large selection of Hainbuch SK 65 clamping heads Machine Benefits Dujdpsx Nr T Uefx Aaasp Technical Machine Benefits • 12-position tool turret with driven tools at all stations Extra Information Machine still under power

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2011, functionality: fully functional, DMG Gildemeister CTX 500 Alpha V6 - Year of manufacture: 2011 - Control: Siemens 840D shop turn - Counter spindle - With Y-axis and C-axis - Turret: 12-position motorized VDI 30 Dodpfx Ajylkuuoaajup Additional equipment: - Hydraulic chuck - Chip conveyor - Coolant system - Interface for bar feeder - Workpiece catcher with conveyor belt

Condition: used, CNC Lathe DMG MORI SEIKI - GILDEMEISTER Type CTX 310 ecoline Machine No. 8044001846E Year of manufacture: 2013 CNC Control: SIEMENS Sinumerik 840D sl Swing diameter over bedway cover: 330 mm Swing diameter over cross-slide cover: 260 mm Centre height max.: 190 mm Centre distance max.: 580 mm Turning diameter max.: 200 mm Longitudinal slide travel (Z-axis) max.: 450 mm Cross-slide travel (X-axis) max.: 160 mm Spindle bore through draw tube: 51 mm Spindle bore through front bearing: 100 mm Dujdsyk Hrgepfx Aaasp Spindle speed max.: 5,000 rpm Feed rate X and Z: mm/min. Rapid traverse X-axis: 30 m/min. Rapid traverse Z-axis: 30 m/min. Feed force X and Z: 4,500 Nm Tool turret: 12 stations Driven tool stations: 6 stations Tool holder cylindrical VDI 30 mm Spindle drive motor power at 100% duty cycle: max. 11 kW Spindle drive motor power at 40% duty cycle: max. 16.5 kW Power supply: 400 Volt, 50 Hz, 21 kVA - CNC control SIEMENS Sinumerik 840D sl, system software NCU V04.04+SP02+HF02 - Controlled C4-axis chuck position and C1-axis for tool turret - 3-jaw chuck AUTOGRIP Ø 210 mm with 1 set of hard jaws and 15 sets of soft jaws - AUTOGRIP hydraulic hollow clamping device - Clamping force adjustment for regulating clamping pressure - Tool turret SAUTER, type 0.5.901.020 with 12 stations (6 driven) - 20 tool holders VDI 30 - Tailstock MK 4 - Indirect measurement system via rotary encoder - Chip conveyor with integrated coolant system - Workpiece residual life display and piece counter as large display on machine enclosure - Control cabinet cooling unit - 9,716 total operating hours (main switch on), of which 3,322 spindle hours as per counter - Operating instructions and manuals Machine footprint with chip conveyor (L x W x H): 4,500 x 2,600 x 2,050 mm Base machine space requirement (L x W x H): 2,900 x 2,150 x 2,050 mm (3,200 kg) Chip conveyor space requirement (L x W x H): 3,350 x 850 x 1,650 mm (500 kg) Weight: approx. 4 tons Very good condition

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2012, operating hours: 3,355 h, functionality: fully functional, turning length: 450 mm, turning diameter: 200 mm, spindle speed (max.): 5,000 rpm, spindle bore: 51 mm, travel distance X-axis: 160 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 450 mm, overall weight: 3,800 kg, For sale is a CNC lathe from the brand Gildemeister, model CTX 310 Eco. The machine is in excellent condition and ready for immediate use. Dujdpfxoxf T N Ts Aaaep Technical specifications: Year of manufacture: 2012 Operating hours: 3,355 h (see picture) Control: SIEMENS SINUMERIK 810D Powerline Max. turning diameter: 200 mm Max. swing diameter over bed: 330 mm Max. turning length: 450 mm X-axis travel: 160 mm Main spindle speed: 5,000 rpm Spindle bore: 51 mm Turret: 12-station turret (VDI 30) Live tooling: 6 driven tool stations Live tool speed: approx. 4,500 rpm Rapid traverse X/Z: 30/30 m/min Dimensions: approx. 4200 mm x 1700 mm x 2300 mm Machine weight: approx. 3,800 kg Chip conveyor included in the offer. Tool holders not included in the offer (can be offered additionally). Transport and loading can be organized across Europe upon request, at extra cost. Prices are exclusive of VAT. Inspection by appointment possible. Contact us — our team is happy to assist you! Trade-in or exchange possible! Machinery trading PURCHASE / SALE OF PRODUCTION & METALWORKING MACHINES AND MORE. Are you looking for a high-quality yet affordable metalworking machine for your production? Or do you wish to sell yours? For more information or contact options, please visit our website.

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2015, operating hours: 14,717 h, functionality: fully functional, turning length: 800 mm, turning diameter: 500 mm, spindle speed (max.): 12,000 rpm, travel distance X-axis: 480 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 100 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 845 mm, rotational speed (max.): 5,000 rpm, type of input current: three-phase, workpiece weight (max.): 7 kg, total height: 2,247 mm, total length: 2,890 mm, total width: 5,193 mm, overall weight: 7,800 kg, CNC controller: Siemens 840D sl with CELOS ERGOline Capacity X-axis travel mm: 480 (–10) Y-axis travel mm: ±100 Z-axis travel mm: 845 B-axis travel mm: ±110° (0,001º) C-axis: 360º (0,001º) Turning length mm: 800 Max. turning diameter mm: ø: 500 Distance between spindle centers mm: 1.020 Turn-mill spindle Speed spindle rpm: 12.000 Drive power kW: 22 / 19 Tool magazine Magazine places: 24 Tool holder: HSK-A63 Tool length max. mm: 300 Tool diameter max. mm: 125 Tool weight max kg: 7 Main spindle Speed spindle rpm: 5.000 Drive power spindle kW: 25 / 34 (100 / 40%) Spindle bore mm: 67 Maximun torque Nm: 380 / 280 Counter spindle Speed spindle rpm: 6.000 Drive power spindle kW: 20 / 27 (100 % / 40%) Spindle bore mm: 52 Maximun torque Nm: 170 Counter spindle travel mm: 800 Coolant system Tank capacity liter: 600 L Djdpfexdlynjx Aaasup High-pressure bar: 8 / 20 Equipment Chip conveyor Blowing air through spindle center selectable via M-function Signal lamp Tool measuring arm Workarea light Coolant gun Internal coolant supply Interface for Bar feeder Paper band filter Working time hours Under power: 36.049 Cutting Time: 14.171 Basic machine dimensions / weight Length mm: 2.890 Width mm: 5.193 Height mm: 2.247 Weight kg: 7.800

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2011, Technical details: Dujdsw S Efzjpfx Aaaep turning length: 310 mm swing diameter over bed: 500 mm swing diameter over bed slide: 290 mm centre distance: 500 mm x-axis: 190 mm z-axis: z1: 335 / z3: 370 mm y-axis: 80 mm revolution per minute: 6000 U/min Control: Heidenhain CNC Pilot 4290 spindle bore: 73 mm bar material dia.: 50 mm tool turret - number of stations: 12 tool taper: VDI 30 mm rapid traverse x + z axis: 30 m/min operating hours - idle run: 36443 h spindle hours: 8545 h interface: ja total power requirement: 20 kVA kW dimension swarf conveyor LxWxH: 3,2 x 0,45 x 1,5 CNC inclined bed lathe With a 3-jaw chuck Ø 160mm with matching flange (max. speed 4500 rpm) and 2 additional sets of spare jaws. Turret head for 12 tools all with tool drive; Sauter disk turret (C-axis = 300 rpm) Torque main spindle: 95 Nm at 100% and 127 Nm at 40% Chip conveyor 450 K-1/250; year of manufacture 2000 Electric cabinet with Rittal cooling The machine does not have a hydraulic chuck. A manual chuck has been installed by the previous owner. The machine is not functional and is for sale. The machine has an unknown malfunction in the turret, meaning that reference travel and axis movements are not possible. Machining functionality is therefore currently not possible. The machine is for sale and in need of repair! i.D. *

Year of construction: 2012, condition: ready for operation (used), A universal CNC lathe DMG Mori is available. Swing diameter over bed/cross slide: 680mm/465mm, max. turning diameter: 465mm, travel X/Z: 300mm/1050mm, rapid traverse: 30m/min, speed: 3200rpm, spindle power: 33kW, torque: 630Nm, tool stations: 12, tool holder: VDI40. Machine dimensions X/Y/Z: approx. 6500mm/3000mm/2200mm, weight: approx. 8000kg. Documentation available. An on-site inspection is possible. Dedpoyit Hhjfx Aaasup

Year of construction: 2022, condition: ready for operation (used), A CNC double-spindle turning machine DMG Mori is available. Turning length: 800mm, power: 25kW/32kW, torque: 280Nm/360Nm, speed: 5000rpm, Y-axis: +/-100mm, B-axis: +/-110°, tool stations: 80, max. chuck diameter: 210mm, tool interface: HSK-A63, drawtube inner diameter: 67mm, control: Siemens 840D sl, operating hours: approx. 4786h, program hours: approx. 1937h. Including short bar loader IRCO ILS-MUK 100/16, oil mist separator and scraper chip conveyor. Documentation available. On-site inspection is possible. Duedpfxjx H S I Te Aaajp

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2010, functionality: fully functional, DMG MORI Horizontal Turning Machine CTX -310V3 ecoline - Year 2010 Controller : MAPPS (Mitsubishi) Max swing dia.330mm Max swing over slide dia. 260mm Max. Turn dia. 200mm Length 450mm Chuck 8" Turret 12 (6 driven tools) C axis indexing Power driven Tools 4,500rpm Tool setter tail Stock Chip conveyor Duedox Ty S Tepfx Aaaep --- Video upon request

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2006, Lathe DMG Gildemeister CTX 210 Dusdpfxoyhlzuj Aaasp Year of manufacture: 2006

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2005, turning diameter 290 mm turning length 300 mm control Heidenhain greates pass round over bed 380 mm total power requirement --- kW Dedpfeyb S Ihex Aaajup weight of the machine ca. --- t dimensions of the machine ca. --- m