Used 4 Axis Machining Center for sale (102,410)

Condition: new, operating hours: 15 h, YCM NXV1020A, spindle: SK40/12,000 rpm, control: Siemens 828D, tool changer: 30-fold, X:1020mm Y:520mm Z:540mm, coolant system: IKZ20bar, chip conveyor Ijdorutazopfx Aqusau

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2017, High-Performance 5-Axis Machining Center POSMILL H800 U Year of manufacture: 2017 Operated in single-shift mode Large spindle cooler Full Heidenhain measuring systems installed on all axes Heidenhain 530 control unit Kessler spindle, 18,000 rpm Kessler rotary swiveling arm, swing diameter 800 mm, fully usable with zero-point clamping system New maintenance scheduled for April 2025, rotary union replaced (€8,600) ————— Technical Data: X-axis: 670 mm Y-axis: 830 mm Z-axis: 600 mm (A-/C-axis) Swivel range approx. -100 to +120° and -120 to +120°, C-axis endlessly rotating 360° Table diameter: 800 mm Isdpfxsxtnikj Aqusau Tool holder: HSK 63 Tool positions: 96

Condition: used, CNC 5-Axis HMC – Horizontal Machining Center, Milling Center, Manufacturing Center Manufacturer: LICON Model: Liflex 1266 PC B1 Year of construction: 2016, Commissioned: 2017 Equipped with SIEMENS 840D SL (Solution Line) CNC path control, with 5 simultaneously controlled axes Travel paths X: 1200 mm, Y: 660 mm, Z: 650 mm A-axis as swivel bridge +/– 135° (270°) B-axis 360° continuous Axis acceleration X + Y-axis 6 m/s² Axis acceleration Z-axis 9 m/s² Feed force X + Y-axis 7500 N Feed force Z-axis 10000 N Positioning tolerance (X/Y/Z) 0.008 mm A-axis swivel speed 180° rotation in 4 sec. Interference diameter on the swivel bridge max. 1400 mm Transport load on the swivel bridge max. 700 kg Tool holder HSK 63 Spindle speed max. 12,000 rpm, stepless Spindle power 37kW at 40% duty cycle Spindle torque at 40% duty cycle 85 Nm Maximum spindle torque 100 Nm Tool change time (chip-to-chip) approx. 3.7 sec. Tool diameter with adjacent slots occupied Ø 140 mm Tool diameter with adjacent slots free Ø 250 mm Maximum tool length 400 mm Ijdpfx Ast Ac Efsquoau Maximum tool weight 20 kg Power supply 400 Volt, 50 Hz Connected load 80 kVA Compressed air connection 5-8 bar - LIFLEX MSP 80/63/85/12,000 motor spindle (output 37kW/40% duty cycle) with liquid cooling and recooling unit - 2-axis rotary tilting table LICON as B- and C-axis, with hydraulic axis clamping - Zero-point clamping system on the swivel axis turntable - Dual pallet changer, without pallets (these need to be newly sourced) - Media transfer of 5 single-action pressure lines for oil or air, for workpiece clamping on the pallets Hydraulic functions from 30-150 bar, with pressure monitoring (controllable via M-functions) - Tool changer with 30 tool positions, disc turret type - Machine designed for dry machining with minimal quantity lubrication (MQL) system - MQL-TSC, internal MQL lubrication supply through the spindle - Scraper belt chip conveyor, discharge height 1150 mm - Licon ECO-Mode (energy-efficient aggregate operation) - Direct linear measurement system on all axes - Operating hours (control voltage on) ≈ 7,500 h Space required for operation L x W x H 9,000 x 5,000 x 3,800 mm Space required for transport L x W x H 6,100 x 4,400 x 3,600 mm Base machine weight approx. 21 tons Total weight: approx. 24 tons Very good condition

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2013, operating hours: 65,183 h, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 04121, travel distance X-axis: 400 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 240 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 436 mm, spindle speed (max.): 42,000 rpm, 5-Axis Machining Center with Comprehensive Equipment! TECHNICAL DETAILS Travel distances X-axis: 400 mm Y-axis: 240 mm Z-axis: 436 mm Rapid traverse in X/Y/Z: 40 m/min Spindle Technology: Motor spindle Speed: 42,000 rpm Power: 16.6 kW Isdpfx Aowz Ealoquoau Tool holder: HSK-E40 NC Swivel Rotary Table B-axis: -105° to +20° C-axis: 360° Workpiece clamping: EROWA PowerChuck Ø150 mm Tool Magazine Capacity: 60 stations Control: Heidenhain iTNC 530 MACHINE DETAILS Electrical data Rated voltage: 3×400 V Rated current: 43 A Rated power: 30 kW Frequency: 50-60 Hz Weight: 3,200 kg Operating Hours Power-on hours: 78,001 h Spindle hours: 65,183 h EQUIPMENT Chip conveyor Coolant pump Renishaw OMP 40-2 probe Automatic working area door (pneumatic) Robot interface Blow-off station inside work area Spindle chiller

Year of construction: 2004, condition: good (used), functionality: fully functional, including robot arm FANUC Robot ARC Mate 120iB TECHNICAL DETAILS X-axis: 700 mm Y-axis: 400 mm Z-axis: 360 mm speed: 10.000 rpm Control: Fanuc 16i MB Table diameter: 1400 mm feed X-axis: 10000 mm/min. feed Y-axis: 10000 mm/min. feed Z-axis: 10000 mm/min. rapid traverse: 70 m/min tool holder: Big Plus ISO/Bt/Mk Spindle power: 21 kW Torque (Twin / Single): 120 / 155 Nm number of tools: 2 x 30 tool diameter: 140 mm tool length: 280 mm Ijdsl Eykgepfx Aqusau milling capacity: max. 350 ccm Drill diameter: max. 40 mm Thread diameter: max. M27 MACHINE DETAILS length: 6000 mm width: 6000 mm height: 2800 mm weight: 12000 kg Total connected load: 55 kVA Total power consumption: 44 kW Voltage: 400 V Frequency: 50 Hz

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2008, Table size 1600 x 750 mm, table load 1500 kgs, Iaodpsxwytcsfx Aqusu Traverses XYZ 1525 x 762 x 625 mm, rapid feedrates 24m/min, Spindle power 18.5 Kw, spindle speed 6,000rpm, 40 station ATC, spindle taper BT50, through spindle coolant, swarf conveyor, Fanuc 21i control.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2014, Traverses X Y Z: 800 x 520 x 610mm, Iaodpfx Asx Dk Hmjquju 24 station tool changer, table 890 x 500mm, 11kW motor power, spindle taper BT40, spindle speed 40 – 8,000rpm, FANUC 0i-MD Control, low volt light, coolant, 4th axis.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2008, Traverses X Y Z: 1020 x 550 x 560mm, Table 1250 x 660mm, Iodju Hyuaepfx Aqueau workpiece load 1,000kgs Spindle speed 8,000 rpm, Spindle taper BT40, Spindle Motor 11kw, FANUC Oi-MC Control, 24 Station ATC, through spindle coolant.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2011, Traverses X Y Z: 762 x 406 x 508, Table 914 x 356, Spindle speed 0 - 7500rpm, Spindle taper BT40, Spindle Motor 30Hp HAAS Control, 24 Station ATC, Isdoxwyuaopfx Aquoau Programmable Coolant nozzle, WIPS, Low Volt light, 2 axis trunnion table 160mm.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2010, X Y Z: 1270 x 508 x 508mm, table 1324 x 457mm, 12000 rpm, BT 40, HAAS Control, 24 Station ATC, Ijdpfx Aexpw Rvsqueau 40HP, chip auger, coolant, Haas TR210 5 axis trunnion table

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, Working area: 1500 – 3000 x 2100 – 12000 mm Z axis range: 500 – 1500 mm Linear bearing: Bosch Rexroth 35 Speed: X, Y up to 45 m/min; C, A up to6000 degrees/min Program resolution: 0,0005 mm Positioning accuracy: 0,01 mm Gate drive: double-sided master / slave with gate angle correction Electrospindles: 8 kW up to 36 kW Electrospindle inverter: yes Maximum revolutions of the electro-spindle: 24 000 rpm (option 6000, 40 000 50 000) Iaedon Nv H Sjpfx Aquju Construction: Steel welded, ribbed, stress relieved, precision machined Table type vacuum, hybrid, steel, aluminum with M16 or M18 holes

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2004, Clamping area 630 x 500 mm X axis - 630 mm Y axis - 765 mm Z axis - 510 mm A axis - 0,001 deg. (+30/-120 deg.) C axis - 0,001 deg. (360 deg.) Ijdpjxdfiisfx Aqujau Spindle speeds 35-12000 rpm Spindle taper ISO 40 Control: Mazatrol 640 M 5X Equipped with: Coolant through spindle (20 bar)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2004, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 780 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 560 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 560 mm, rapid traverse X-axis: 50,000 m/min, rapid traverse Y-axis: 50,000 m/min, rapid traverse Z-axis: 50,000 m/min, controller manufacturer: HEIDENHAIN, controller model: iTNC-530, number of slots in tool magazine: 60, tool length: 315 mm, tool diameter: 160 mm, Equipment: chip conveyor, Deckel Maho DMC-60T – 5-Axis Vertical Machining Center The Deckel Maho DMC-60T is a high-precision 5-axis vertical machining center, year of manufacture 2004, equipped with Heidenhain iTNC-530 CNC control. The machine is ideal for complex and high-speed machining thanks to its ISO 40 taper spindle, maximum speed of 18,000 rpm, and motor power of 19/28 kW (continuous/30 min). Main features: Axis travels: X = 780 mm, Y = 560 mm, Z = 560 mm Iaodpfx Aqjwt N Tyjueu Rotary axes: A = ±150° (head), B = 360° (table), continuous rotation with minimum resolution of 0.001° Table: 630 x 500 mm, maximum load 500 kg Rapid traverse: up to 50,000 mm/min Tool magazine: 60 stations, SK40 DIN-69871 tools, max Ø 80/160 mm, max length 315 mm, max weight 8 kg Additional equipment: Workpiece probing system, chip conveyor, coolant tank with pumps, high-pressure pump through spindle, spindle chiller, transformer, manuals, and CE documentation. Machine dimensions and weight: L 5,100 mm × W 5,000 mm × H 2,500 mm – Weight: 11,000 kg

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2008, SECOND-HAND 5 AXIS CNC MACHINING CENTER BACCI MOD. TWIN JET - Strokes: X = 3400 mm Y = 1300 mm Z = 650 mm C = +/- 180° A = endless - Head type 2+2, 10 HP / ER32 - N. 2 automatic loaders Isdsv Uw Hfspfx Aqueau - N. 2 working tables - N. 3+3 pneumatic pressers - N. 4 tables (300x120 mm) - Vacuum system pre-arrangement - Osai drives - Osai control system - PITAGORA Software version 5.9 - Windows XP - 3 sided enclosure + roof - N. 2 inverters - CE rules - Year: 2008

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2013, x-travel 600 mm y-travel 600 mm z-travel 500 mm weight of the machine ca. 18500 t dimensions of the machine ca. 5400x3800x3300 mm Total power rating: approx. 133 kVA Backup fuse: 250A Compressed air quality according to ISO 85731: purity class 4 Connection pressure: max. 9.5 bar Operating pressure: min. 7 bar Ijdpfx Aeyan Sajqueau Number of spindles: 2 Spindle arrangement: vertical, side by side Spindle distance: 600 mm Spindle with max. 12,000 rpm Spindle bearing diameter: 90 mm Start-up time: 0-10,000 min-1 approx. 0.8 s Travel distance X-axis: 600 mm Travel distance Y-axis (alternating position): 600 (875) mm Travel distance Z1, Z2 axis: 500 mm Tool change system: Pick up Tool spindle: HSK 80 Tool positions: 70 Max. tool diameter: 90 mm Max. tool length: 540 mm Max. tool weight: 10 kg Max. magazine load: 350 kg

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2024, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 700 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 500 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 540 mm, total height: 29,620 mm, total length: 32,000 mm, total width: 28,480 mm, overall weight: 6,000 kg, controller model: Heidenhain TNC 640, coolant supply: 36 bar, rapid traverse Z-axis: 48 m/min, rapid traverse X-axis: 48 m/min, rapid traverse Y-axis: 48 m/min, rotary table diameter: 380 mm, spindle speed (max.): 12,000 rpm, table load: 200 kg, Equipment: chip conveyor, documentation/manual, Victor 5-Axis Machining Center VC-AX380 with Heidenhain TNC640 Control 5-axis simultaneous machining incl. calibration tool KinematicsOpt incl. calibration ball. Standard options: -Cooling system with high-pressure coolant pump MTH4-40/4 Ijdpfx Aqjq Tafxjueau and supply hoses -Full protection coolant cabin -Spindle oil cooler -Oil separator -Spiral chip conveyor -Rinsing gun and air gun -Operating tools and manuals Additional options: -Air through the spindle -Air conditioning unit in the control cabinet -Chip conveyor -40 tools -36 bar ICS with Mahle Duplex -Table rinsing -Workpiece measurement TS460 -Automatic door -Interface -8" 3-jaw chuck Images are exemplary and may differ. From stock Bergneustadt (subject to prior sale)

Year of construction: 2003, condition: ready for operation (used), functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 300-M270100, Schüco PBS profile machining center – 5-axis CNC, year of manufacture 2003, ready for immediate use TECHNICAL DETAILS X-axis travel: 6,650 mm Y-axis travel: 800 mm Z-axis travel: 500 mm X-axis feed rate: 0–40 m/min X-axis rapid traverse: 40 m/min Y- and Z-axis feed rate: 0–30 m/min Y- and Z-axis rapid traverse: 30 m/min B-axis rotation: 0–90° continuous C-axis rotation: 0–360° continuous B- and C-axis rotation speed: 10,000°/min Positioning accuracy within a macro: max. 300 mm ±0.1 mm Positioning accuracy over a 6,000 mm length: < ±0.15 mm MILLING Maximum tool dimensions for milling and drilling: Ø 50 mm, length = 60 mm Maximum tool dimensions for disc milling cutters: Ø 300 mm Iajdpexr N Rmofx Aquou Maximum spindle motor power: 7 kW Disc milling cutter spindle motor power: 7 kW Spindle speed: 0–30,000 rpm Tool change time: < 15 s (clamp to clamp) Tool holder: HSK-E-40 steep taper Tool magazine: 9 plus 1 positions Total machine weight: 6.5 tons WORK AREA Number of clamping blocks: 8 units Clamping block positioning: automatic Maximum profile length for 3-sided machining: 6,650 mm Maximum profile length for 5-sided machining: 6,100 mm Maximum profile cross-section with maximum tool length: 300 mm x 230 mm

Condition: refurbished (used), Year of construction: 2005, travel distance X-axis: 4,000 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 3,000 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 1,200 mm, 5-axis gantry machining center CYPORT CP 4030 HIGHLIGHTS • 5-axis simultaneous machining thanks to 2-axis fork-type milling head with direct drives • Powerful milling spindle with 12.000 min-1 • Large Working space with smallest footprint • HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 • All-round access to the workspace • Tool magazine with 48 pockets Travels X/Y/Z: 4,000 / 3,000 / 1200 mm Gantry passage Y/Z: 3,280 / 1,400 mm Rapid Feed X/Y/Z 30/30/30 Feed Force X/Y/Z: 10.000N 2-axis-NC-swivel head M21 of German manufacturer Cytec: Swivel range A-axis : +/-110° Swivel range C-axis +/- 360° Powerful milling spindle of German manufacturer Cytec: Tool taper: HSK-A 100 Speed: 12,000 rpm Power: 27/32 kW (100%/40% DC) Torque: 201/253 Nm (100%/40% DC) Tool magazine: Number of pockets: 48 pcs. HSK-A 100 max. tool diameter: 105/130 mm max. tool length: 300 mm max. tool weight: 8 kg Control: HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 5-axis path control Electronic hand wheel HR 410 Coolant system Tank volume: 800 L external coolant supply: 20 bar internal coolant supply: 50 bar Paper band filter Coolant-airblast-changeover for external Coolant Work piece measuring system: Touch probe M&H - radio controlled Working area coverage Documentation CE-certification NEW COMPONENTS Ball screws NEW All bearings NEW Recirculating roller units for linear guideways NEW Tool Changer NEW Counterbalance cylinder NEW Lubrication distributors NEW All pipes and cables NEW All hoses NEW Bellow-types way covers NEW PVC-Lamellae NEW Safety Bumper NEW Electrics components (switches, relays, contactors, etc.) NEW Safety glass panes NEW Paint coating NEW REBUILT COMPONENTS C-Axis A-Axis Isdpfsivn Eusx Aqujau Motor milling spindle Drive motors Hydraulic unit Hydraulic valves Complete Pneumatic system * All wear parts in the sub-assemblies have been replaced by new parts. The condition of the components corresponds to the high quality standard of the exchange program. REFURBISHED COMPONENTS Machine table Z-Ram X- and U-Carriages Y-Carriages Y-Crossbeam Caterpillar energy chains Coolant unit Central lubrication system Sheet metal enclosure * All structural parts have been inspected, sand blasted, reground / scrapped, measured and thereafter repainted. The accuracy of the structural parts is identical to that of our new machines. MADE IN GERMANY

Year of construction: 2002, condition: excellent (used), FIDIA K197 CNC Machining Center ​in very good and working condition​.​ Iodpfx Aqjppwnqsueau

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2006, functionality: fully functional, operating hours: 19,857 h, travel distance X-axis: 4,400 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 1,300 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 180 mm, number of slots in tool magazine: 72, TECHNICAL DETAILS X-axis travel: 4,400 mm Y-axis travel: 1,300 mm Z-axis travel: 180 mm Milling unit power: 15 HP Tool change: automatic Number of tool positions: 3 x 24 slots EQUIPMENT Worktable with traverse Ijdpfx Aqjx Sri Ijuoau Auxiliary unit for heavy parts Pneumatic clamps for door and window production Vacuum pump 250 m3/h Automatic lubrication Waste conveyor

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, table length: 900 mm, table width: 450 mm, number of spindles: 1, spindle speed (min.): 8,000 rpm, table load: 500 kg, VMC 650 CNC machining center, milling machine with CNC system VMC 650 machining center is a multifunctional equipment that allows you to perform milling, drilling, thread cutting, and turning operations in automatic mode (if these options are available in the machine). The VMC 650 milling machine can have 16- or 24-position tool magazine. Depending on the customer's wishes, the milling machine can be equipped with a GSK, Siemens or Fanuc CNC system. It is possible to optionally add a Y-axis drive. As a very convenient additional option, we recommend installing a chip conveyor that will save you time when working with the equipment. Technical parameters: Worktable size 900x450mm Maximum workpiece weight 500 kg Movement along the axes X/Y/Z 800/450/500 mm Maximum distance from the spindle to the table surface 120-620 mm Motor power 5.5-7.5 kW Maximum spindle speed 8000 rpm Iaodpfxoxc I Dgj Aqusu Spindle type BT40 Positioning accuracy ±0.008/300 mm Repeatability ±0.005 mm Machine dimensions 300022752550 mm Machine weight 4000 kg It is also possible to supply CNC milling machines, machining centers with other table sizes: VMC 850 table 1000x500 mm VMC 855 table 1000x550 mm VMC 1060 table 1200x600 mm VMC 1160 table 1200x600 mm VMC 1275 table 1300x700 mm VMC 1370 table 1400x700 mm VMC 1580 table 1600x800 mm VMC 1680 table 1700x800 mm VMC 1890 table 2000x900 mm

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1998, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 500 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 400 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 400 mm, table width: 700 mm, table length: 500 mm, No minimum price – guaranteed sale to the highest bidder! Machining center with a manually rotatable and swiveling machine table! TECHNICAL DETAILS Travel ranges x-axis: 500 mm y-axis: 400 mm z-axis: 400 mm Table Table surface: 700 x 500 mm Spindle Tool holder: 40 SK/ISO Spindle speeds: 20 - 4,500 rpm Spindle drive: 12 kW Feed rates Isdpozb Uz Dsfx Aqujau Feed rates: 5,000 mm/min Control system: Heidenhain TNC 124 MACHINE DETAILS Total power requirement: 13 kW Machine weight: approx. 2,800 kg Space requirement: approx. 3 x 2 x 2 m

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2002, machine/vehicle number: 0-250-08-1590, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 3,250 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 1,220 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 125 mm, controller model: Homatic 2000 IPC, number of spindles: 28, spindle speed (max.): 24,000 rpm, No reserve price – guaranteed sale to the highest bidder! TECHNICAL DETAILS Working area X-axis: 200 – 3,250 mm Working area Y-axis: 70 – 1,220 mm Working area Z-axis: 12 – 125 mm (clearance 150 mm) Tool changer positions: 18 Spindles Total number of drilling spindles: 28 Vertical drilling spindles: 22 Horizontal drilling spindles in X-axis: 4 Horizontal drilling spindles in Y-axis: 2 Milling spindle power: 12 kW Milling spindle max. speed: 24,000 rpm C-axis: 360° interpolation MACHINE DETAILS Vacuum pump capacity: 100 m³/h Iaedpfxezcda Sj Aqusu Control model: Homatic 2000 IPC Control software: WoodWop 4.5 incl. MDE and production list software FEATURES 4 axes Console table 8 manually adjustable supports in X direction 3 vacuum cups per console Vacuum connection for templates Laser positioning aid for vacuum cups Laser projection for cup positioning Liquid circulation cooling Operator terminal Note: The sale does not include the pictured adapter units, tools, or HSK holders.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2007, operating hours: 36,012 h, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 635 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 460 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 510 mm, controller model: 3D Heidenhain i TNC 530, spindle speed (max.): 10,000 rpm, TECHNICAL DETAILS Travel range, X-axis: 635 mm Travel range, Y-axis: 460 mm Travel range, Z-axis: 510 mm Spindle speed range: 20 - 10,000 rpm Table dimensions: 790 x 560 mm Table load capacity: 600 kg Tool holder: SK 40 Ijdpfx Ajzb Dzmjqueau Number of tool magazine slots: 20 MACHINE DETAILS Control system: 3D Heidenhain i TNC 530 Total power consumption: 13.9 kW Operating hours (according to counter) Spindle hours: 36,050 h Power-on hours: 91,000 h Dimensions & Weight Dimensions (L x W x H): 3,000 x 2,000 x 2,150 mm Machine weight: 3.6 t

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2007, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 80.4308.0097, travel distance X-axis: 900 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 800 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 970 mm, controller model: FANUC Professional 3, spindle speed (max.): 12,000 rpm, TECHNICAL DETAILS Travel range, X-axis: 900 mm Travel range, Y-axis: 800 mm Travel range, Z-axis: 970 mm Pallet size: 630 mm × 630 mm Number of pallets: 2 Max. workpiece weight: approx. 1,200 kg Spindle connection: HSK-A100 Max. spindle speed: 12,000 rpm Tool magazine: 188 positions Tool change time: approx. 1.7 s Iasdezb Efyspfx Aquju Rapid traverse: up to 50 m/min MACHINE DETAILS Control system: FANUC Professional 3 Machine weight: approx. 18 t EQUIPMENT Dual-pallet system Large 188-position tool magazine Automatic tool changer Through-spindle coolant / coolant system Chip conveyor NC rotary table Network/DNC connection Note: The machine was previously connected to a pallet loading station. The pallets can, of course, also be loaded manually.