Condition: reconditioned (used), Year of construction: 2017, functionality: fully functional, overall weight: 30,000 kg, rotor length: 3,000 mm, power: 375.1 kW (509.99 HP), Crawler-mounted crushing plant, Neuenhauser TARGO 3000. Equipment, detailed description: see documents. Podpezd Srdsfx Ad Sjgn

Condition: used, Manufacturer: SatrindTech Srl Type: F 810 Mach.No.: 65489 Shredding Chamber size : 850 x 590mm. Distance between shaft centres: 215mm. With 15 kW Electrical motor. Pgedpfxowvk A Uo Ad Son Crushers will be overhauled, sandblasted and painted.

Condition: refurbished (used), Manufacturer: Steinert Type: UMS 45 70 80/61 Pjdpfxewvaids Ad Ssgn 3,1 kW / 51 A. / 61 V. 100% ED Magnet L x W: 806 x 750mm. Conveyor Belt: 800mm. (new) AA.: Ca. 1.300mm. Weight: 1.550 KG With new transformer rectifier of 380V. Primary.

Year of construction: 2009, condition: used, Complete cable recycling plant for sale – including MG Recycling Compact 220T (in excellent condition) For sale is a complete cable recycling plant (dry process) for the efficient recovery of copper from cables. ⭐ Core component of the plant: MG Recycling Compact 220T (year of manufacture 2009) * Industrial compact system for separating copper, aluminum, and plastic * Capacity: up to 400 kg/h * Power consumption: approx. 37 kW * High-quality granulation & separation * Very robust design (approx. 3.2 t machine weight) ➡️ Proven system for cable recycling with high purity and reliable continuous operation. ⸻ ⚙️ Other components of the plant: * Large screening system (TST – separation & sorting technology) * Additional separation table for post-separation * Various conveyor belts & screw conveyors * Large two-shaft shredder for pre-shredding * Cable stripping machine The components from TST are specifically designed for industrial separation and screening processes and enable very precise classification and purification of materials. ⸻ Performance data of the complete plant: * Throughput: approx. 200–300 kg of cable per hour (realistic in operation) * Recovery: up to 99% copper content * Process: completely dry (no water, no sludge) * Ideal for: * Copper cables * Electronic scrap * mixed cable batches ➡️ Very efficient post-processing through additional screening and separation tables → maximum yield! Pedpfx Aszgx H Hod Sogn —————- Special features: * Completely coordinated production line – ready for immediate use * Expandable / modular design * Perfect for commercial cable recyclers & recycling companies * Energy-efficient separation technology without wastewater —————- Condition & sale: * Plant is in good condition and currently in operation * Sale due to operational restructuring * Inspection possible by appointment —————- Price: Negotiable – realistic offers welcome

Condition: used, Control cabinet for the Lindner 2000 shredder. Podpfszgxihox Ad Segn

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1996, overall weight: 10,000 kg, rotor length: 2,000 mm, power: 75 kW (101.97 HP), rotational speed (max.): 80 rpm, Lindner Micromat MS 2000 Drive motor: 75 kW, 400 V/50 Hz Control cabinet: complete star/delta Rotor speed: at 50 Hz approx. 80 rpm Rotor knives: 104 pcs. new Rotor knife shape: 43x43x19.5 mm Filling opening: LxW 2030 x 1650 mm Rotor length: 2030 mm Rotor flight circle: 560 mm Scraper comb: yes Counter knife: yes Hydraulic unit: complete Hydraulic cylinder sieve cassette: screens 50x50 mm Total weight approx. 9.5 t Dimensions LxWxH mm: approx. 4520 x 2970 x 2660 mm Inspection and test run possible by appointment. Incl. hopper Delivery time: immediately Podpfx Adjwtbyxo Ssgn

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2008, functionality: fully functional, overall weight: 13,500 kg, rotor diameter: 470 mm, control cabinet length: 2,800 mm, control cabinet width: 600 mm, control cabinet height: 2,100 mm, rotor length: 2,000 mm, power: 220 kW (299.12 HP), rotational speed (max.): 80 rpm, filling opening width: 1,650 mm, filling opening length: 2,060 mm, sieve perforation: 50 mm, input voltage: 400 V, The most powerful model: Micromat 2000 V2 Drive motor: 2 x 110 kW, 400 V/50 Hz Control cabinet: complete with frequency converter Rotor speed: at 50 Hz approx. 80 rpm Rotor knives: 104 pcs. New Rotor knife shape: 43x43x19.5 mm Feed opening: LxW 2030 x 1650 mm Rotor length: 2030 mm Pgodpfx Aeyxxk Ssd Ssn Rotor flight circle: 560 mm Scraper comb: yes Counter knives: yes Hydraulic unit: complete Hydraulic cylinder for screen cassette: screens 50x50 mm Total weight approx. 13.5 t Dimensions LxWxH mm: approx. 6500 x 2970 x 2660 mm Inspection and test run possible by appointment. Incl. hopper Delivery time: immediate

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2014, operating hours: 18,700 h, overall weight: 27,000 kg, number of blades: 41, rotor length: 1,800 mm, power: 200 kW (271.92 HP), rotational speed (max.): 87 rpm, input voltage: 400 V, Slow-speed, robust single-shaft shredder suitable for the pre-shredding of various materials without heavy contaminants. Applications: Shredding of industrial and commercial waste, films, packaging materials, textiles, paper, rubber, demolition wood, pallets, paper rolls, cable drums, and mixed plastics for thermal recovery or material recycling, whether loose or baled. Pedpfow Tk Udex Ad Sjgn Lindner Jupiter 1800 Drive power: 1x 200 kW (ABB) Screens: SK 80 mm Control cabinet: complete with (ABB frequency inverter) Recooling unit: Yes, included Feed opening: 1790 x 1750 mm Filling volume: approx. 4 m³ Rotor length: 1770 mm Rotor diameter: 745 mm Rotor speed: 50Hz : 87 rpm Number of rotor knives: 41 pcs Knife dimensions, pointed knives: 87x87x38 mm Counter knives, lower: 5 pcs Scraper comb, upper: 5 pcs Hydraulic feed: 11 kW Weight: approx. 27 t Dimensions LxWxH mm: 4800 x 3260 x 3090 mm Hopper: included Delivery time: immediate

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2000, operating hours: 25,000 h, functionality: fully functional, Longitud de entrada // Intake length: 2200 mm Anchura de entrada // Intake width: 2000 mm Longitud de rotor // Rotor length: 2000 mm diam. rotor // rotor diam.: 495 mm n.º de cuchillas // n. of knives: 56 (60x60) velocidad del rotor // rotor speed: 125 rpm potencia motor // main motor power: 132 kW voltaje // voltage: 400 V frecuencia // frequency: 50 Hz Peso de la máquina // machine weight: 14000 kg * Máquina especialmente diseñada para la trituración de plásticos, los rodamientos del rotor están completamente aislados. * Máquina completamente reconstruida; 1 año de garantía ó 2000h, lo que antes suceda * Incluye: - Rotor de repuesto - Sujetador superior; ideal para la trituración de residuos voluminosos de baja densidad - Soporte de acero - Tolva de alimentación - Cuadro de control eléctrico - Planos de implantación disponibles, asi como plano de soporte de máquina y tolva de alimentación - Manual de instrucciones & esquemas eléctricos Includes: - Machine supplied with bridge breaker (upper feeder); suitable to shredd bulky waste with low density - Machine fully refurbished; 1 year guarantee or 2000h, whatever happens first - Machine specially designed for shredding of plastic waste. - Steel support Pgedpfx Adsi Elylj Sen - Infeed funnel - Electric control pannel - Dimmensional drawings available in Acad for the machine, funnel and steel support - Operation & maintennace mannuals available

Condition: refurbished (used), Year of construction: 2015, operating hours: 20,640 h, functionality: fully functional, overall weight: 24,500 kg, total width: 2,500 mm, Completely overhauled machine Single-shaft shredder, particularly suitable for secondary shredding and granulation of pre-shredded materials. Application: Commercial waste for thermal or material recycling, e.g., paper, cardboard, plastics and foams, rubber, leather, textiles, floor coverings, etc. Lindner Komet 2200 HP, overhauled in March 2026 Year of manufacture: 2015 Control cabinet with ABB frequency converter, dust-tight with recooler Control panel: complete Drive motors: ABB 2x200 kW Paintwork new / RAL: 5003/7001 Rotor bearings/pull-off sleeve/shaft seals: new Hydraulic unit: complete Total weight approx. 24.5 t Dimensions (LxWxH) mm: 5800 x 2500 x 3100 mm Podpfx Adoyu Undo Ssgn Inspection and trial run/test run possible by appointment. Delivery time: immediate

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2014, operating hours: 18,520 h, Single-shaft shredder, especially suitable for secondary shredding and granulation of pre-shredded material. Application: Commercial waste for thermal or material recovery, e.g. paper, cardboard, plastics and foams, rubber, leather, textiles, floor coverings, etc. Pgsdpfx Aewxmb Eod Sen Lindner Power Komet 1800 Year of manufacture: 2014 Control cabinet; complete with ABB frequency converter, Recooler Operator panel Hopper Drive motors: 200 kW Hydraulic unit: complete Total weight approx. 21 t Dimensions approx. LxWxH mm: 5000 x 2800 x 3000 mm Inspection: possible upon arrangement. Delivery time: immediate.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2015, operating hours: 14,900 h, functionality: fully functional, overall weight: 33,000 kg, power: 264 kW (358.94 HP), rotational speed (min.): 70 rpm, input voltage: 400 V, Slow-running, robust single-shaft shredder suitable for pre-shredding a wide variety of materials without solid contaminants. Application: Shredding of industrial and commercial waste, foils, packaging materials, textiles, paper, rubber, demolition wood, pallets, paper rolls, cable drums, and mixed plastics for thermal and recycling purposes, loose or baled. Lindner Jupiter 2200 Drive power: 2 x 132 kW (ABB motors) Screen perforation: According to customer requirements. mm Control cabinet: complete with (FU-ABB) Working opening: 2135 x 1750 mm Filling volume: approx. 5.5 m3 Rotor length: 2200 mm Rotor flight circle: 745 mm Rotor speed: 50 Hz: 87 rpm Number of rotor blades: 84 Blade shape: 172 x 57 x 28 mm Lower anvil blades: 6 Upper scraper combs: 6 Hydraulic feed: 11 kW Total weight: approx. 33 t Pgjdpjv S Hyvefx Ad Ssn Dimensions LxWxH mm: 5500 x 3050 x 3100 mm, with hopper H = 4880 mm Delivery time: immediately Two discharge belts available as an option.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2015, operating hours: 25,000 h, functionality: fully functional, rotor length: 2,200 mm, rotational speed (min.): 58 rpm, overall weight: 30,000 kg, power: 220 kW (299.12 HP), input voltage: 400 V, Slow-running robust single-shaft shredder Suitable for the pre-shredding of various materials without massive disruptive substances. Application: Shredding of industrial and commercial waste, films, packaging materials, textiles, paper, rubber, demolition wood, pallets, paper rolls, cable drums, mixed plastics for thermal and material recycling, loose or baled. Lindner Jupiter 2200 Drive power: 2x 110 kW (ABB) Screen basket cassette: 148 mm Control cabinet: complete with (FU-ABB) Recooler: Yes, included Working opening: 2190 x 1750 mm Filling volume: approx. 5 m³ Rotor length: 2190 mm Rotor circle diameter: 745 mm Rotor speed: 50 Hz: 58 rpm Number of rotor knives: 24 pieces Knife size, pointed knife: 145x145x47 mm Counter knife below: 6 pieces Scraper comb above: 6 pieces Hydraulic feed: 11 kW Weight: approx. 30 t Dimensions LxWxH mm: 5300 x 3260 x 3090 mm Hopper: included Delivery time: immediate Pjdpfxsw Tk E Aj Ad Sjgn

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2002, overall weight: 10,000 kg, rotor length: 2,000 mm, power: 90 kW (122.37 HP), rotational speed (max.): 80 rpm, Lindner Micromat MS 2000 Drive motor: 90 kW, 400 V/50 Hz Control cabinet: complete star/delta Rotor speed: at 50 Hz approx. 80 rpm Rotor knives: 80 pcs. new Rotor knife shape: blunt knife 60 mm Filling opening: LxW 2030 x 1650 mm Rotor length: 2030 mm Rotor flight circle: 560 mm Scraper comb: yes Counter knife: yes Hydraulic unit: complete Sieve cassette: screens as per customer request Total weight approx. 10.5 t Dimensions LxWxH mm: approx. 4520 x 2970 x 2660 mm Inspection and test run possible by appointment. Incl. hopper Delivery time: immediately Pgjdpjwtbyrsfx Ad Son

Year of construction: 2026, condition: new, functionality: fully functional, power: 0.75 kW (1.02 HP), overall weight: 1,240 kg, total length: 1,560 mm, total width: 2,540 mm, total height: 2,490 mm, input voltage: 400 V, Equipment: documentation/manual, emergency stop, type plate available, Applications & Customer Benefits: Psdpfjwyt N Ssx Ad Sogn The ASCO VS Medi vibration screen is ideal for recycling, construction, agriculture, and gardening, ensuring fast, precise separation of diverse materials. Businesses benefit from higher efficiency, reduced wear, and cost-effective processing of large material volumes. The machine shown is finished in a custom blue color, selected according to the customer's preference. Key Features: • Three-fraction screening system for accurate material separation • Bar sizers for effective pre-separation of coarse materials • Adjustable screen inclination for optimal results across materials • Height-adjustable feet for stability on uneven ground • Compact, durable design for continuous operation Tech Highlights: W 2.54 m · L 1.56 m · H 2.49 m · Loading height 2.13 m · Qmax 60 t/h · Power 2×0.75 kW · Screen area 5.4 m² · Weight 1240 kg

Year of construction: 2026, condition: new, functionality: fully functional, power: 0.7 kW (0.95 HP), overall weight: 557 kg, total length: 1,306 mm, total width: 1,876 mm, total height: 1,993 mm, input voltage: 230 V, Equipment: documentation/manual, emergency stop, type plate available, Applications & Customer Benefits: Pgjdpfx Adswyl Efj Sjn The ASCO VS Compact One Deck vibration screen ensures efficient separation of soil, gravel, wood chips, and construction waste for recycling, construction, agriculture, and landscaping. Its flexible design improves productivity and simplifies material handling across diverse operations. Key Features: • Semi-mobile, foldable design for easy transport and setup • Adjustable screen angle for precise material adaptation • Quick-change screen decks supporting multiple mesh options • Dual vibration motors for high screening performance • Modular system for fast expansion and operational flexibility Tech Highlights: L 1,31 m · H 2 m · W 1,88 m · Qmax 18-23 t/h · Power 2 x 0,35 kW · Weight 557 kg · Bucket width 1,6 m

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2005, operating hours: 20,000 h, warranty duration: 24 months, rotor diameter: 500 mm, rotational speed (max.): 165 rpm, year of last overhaul: 2024, MAQUINA COMPLETAMENTE RECONSTRUIDA // MACHINE FULLY REFURBISHED Longitud de entrada // Intake length: 1250 mm Anchura de entrada // Intake width: 2962 mm Longitud de rotor // Rotor length: 2962 mm diam. rotor // rotor diam.: 500 mm nº de rotores // nº of rotors: 2 off n.º de cuchillas // n. of knives: 2x27 (80x80) velocidad del rotor 1 // rotor 1 speed: 95 rpm velocidad del rotor 2 // rotor 2 speed: 75 rpm potencia motor 1 // main motor 1 power: 75 kW potencia motor 2 // main motor 2 power: 55 kW voltaje // voltage: 400 V frecuencia // frequency: 50 Hz Peso de la máquina // machine weight: 16000 kg * Máquina completamente reconstruida (rotor y contracuchilla completamente recargado); 1 año de garantía ó 2000h, lo que antes suceda * Incluye: - Soporte de máquina - NUEVO - Tolva de alimentación - NUEVO - Cuadro de control eléctrico - NUEVO - Planos de implantación disponibles - Manual de instrucciones & esquemas eléctricos Pgedjg D Ullepfx Ad Sen Includes: - Machine fully refurbished (included complete hard facing of rotor); 1 year guarantee or 2000h, whatever happens first - Machine specially designed for shredding of plastic waste. - Electric control pannel - NEW - Steel support for the machine - NEW - Infeed funnel for the machine - NEW - Dimmensional drawings available in Acad for the machine - Operation & maintennance mannuals available

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, overall weight: 6,500 kg, power: 75 kW (101.97 HP), shaft diameter: 1,200 mm, warranty duration: 12 months, MIZAR ERP Series - Eco Cable Recycling Plant & Copper Wire Granulator High-Purity Copper Recovery with Minimal Energy Consumption The ERP (Eco Recycling Plant) Series is Mizar’s latest innovation in eco-friendly cable recycling. Engineered to deliver maximum copper recovery with minimal energy consumption, this high-performance system provides a space-saving, sustainable solution for separating metal and plastic components from scrap cables with up to 99% purity. CORE COMPONENTS (Advanced 3-in-1 System) • Fine Granulator (FGR): Precision size reduction to prepare scrap cables for optimal separation. • Densimetric Separator (DES): Precise, density-based dry classification for the final separation of pure copper and plastics. • Dust Collector (DTF): Centralized filtration system ensuring a clean, low-dust, and eco-friendly workspace. KEY ADVANTAGES & FEATURES Podoxb A S Nspfx Ad Ssgn • Eco-Friendly & Energy Efficient: Optimized material flow drastically reduces power consumption while maintaining high throughput. • Smart Operation: PLC-controlled touch-screen interface for real-time monitoring and easy handling. • Compact & Versatile: Space-saving design that works perfectly as a standalone copper wire granulator or as part of a larger recycling line. • Heavy-Duty Durability: CE-certified and manufactured with premium-grade materials for long-term industrial use. MODEL RANGE & TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS • ERP S1: Capacity: Up to 400 kg/h | Total Power: 30 kW | Rotor: 350x400 mm | Blades (R+S): 7+2 • ERP M1: Capacity: Up to 800 kg/h | Total Power: 50 kW | Rotor: 350x800 mm | Blades (R+S): 14+4 • ERP L1: Capacity: Up to 1,300 kg/h | Total Power: 72 kW | Rotor: 350x1200 mm | Blades (R+S): 21+6 • ERP XL1: Capacity: Up to 2,000 kg/h | Total Power: 102 kW | Rotor: 350x1600 mm | Blades (R+S): 28+8 Ready to optimize your cable recycling with eco-friendly technology? Contact us for a customized quotation, technical drawings, or to arrange a performance test. Mizar Recycling Machinery

Condition: refurbished (used), Year of construction: 1990, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 012016, overall weight: 4,000 kg, rotor diameter: 370 mm, number of blades: 30, total length: 3,075 mm, total height: 1,500 mm, rotor length: 1,300 mm, rotor width: 370 mm, power: 22 kW (29.91 HP), rotational speed (max.): 120 rpm, hopper volume: 3,000 l, year of last overhaul: 2019, sieve perforation: 30 mm, warranty duration: 12 months, input voltage: 400 V, blade width: 40 mm, Intake length: 1450 mm Intake width & rotor length: 1300 mm ᴓ rotor: 370 mm nº of cutters: 30 un (40x40 mm) Rotor speed: 118 rpm Motor: 22 kW Voltage: 400 V Frequency: 50 Hz ᴓ screen: 30 mm Machine weight: 4000 kg Machine fully refurbished (as new) and ready to operate SCOPE OF SUPPLY INCLUDES: - 500 mm high steel frame Pgsdpozguw Isfx Ad Sjn - 1000 mm infeed hopper - 2500 mm long evacuation belt conveyor including magnetic drum - Electric control pannel - Internal electric cabling between the electric control pannel and the shredder

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, power: 14 kW (19.03 HP), overall weight: 1,250 kg, total length: 1,300 mm, total width: 1,500 mm, total height: 2,140 mm, cutting length (max.): 500 mm, cutting diameter: 40 mm, number of blades: 5, rotor length: 400 mm, warranty duration: 12 months, MIZAR CMT Compact Series - All-In-One Copper Wire Granulator & Cable Recycling Machine The Ultimate Compact Solution for Maximum Copper Recovery The MIZAR CMT is an advanced, all-in-one cable recycling machine engineered for facilities with limited space but high-performance demands. Integrated with state-of-the-art Turbo Mill technology, it ensures the complete separation of even the finest copper wires (hair wires) from plastics, delivering maximum purity and scrap copper recovery in a single compact footprint. KEY ADVANTAGES & FEATURES • All-In-One Design: A complete, plug-and-play copper wire granulator engineered into a single, space-saving unit. • Integrated Turbo Mill Technology: Achieves exceptionally high purity by aggressively pulverizing and separating ultra-fine copper wires that standard granulators cannot process cleanly. • Optimized Input Capacity: Safely and efficiently processes scrap cables with a maximum thickness of up to 40 mm and a maximum feeding length of up to 50 cm. • High-Efficiency Copper Recovery: Highly effective in separating copper and plastic components, maximizing your recycling profitability. Podpfxev Hbdrs Ad Segn • Cost-Effective Operation: Energy-efficient drivetrain minimizes daily operational costs without sacrificing throughput. PROCESSED MATERIALS • All types of scrap electrical cables, flexible wires, communication cables, and complex harnesses (Max Ø 40 mm / Max Length: 50 cm). Ready for an all-in-one cable recycling upgrade? Contact us for a customized quotation, technical details, or a performance test. Mizar Recycling Machinery

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2018, functionality: fully functional, pressing force: 60 t, bale weight: 550 kg, Used HSM V-Press 1160 Plus vertical press from 2015. The device is regularly serviced by an authorized service center. The press is fully functional and in very good technical and technical condition. Pgodpfxozgumce Ad Ssn Crushing force: 594 kN Voltage / required: 400 V / 50 Hz Width x height of the loading opening: 1195 x 650 mm Bale length x width x height: 1200 x 1100 x 1200 mm Width x height x height of the machine: 1780 x 1568 x 2985 mm Machine weight: 2403 kg Pressed material: foil, mixed paper, cardboard, cutting machine waste Freight costs depend on the weight, volume and above all on the distance, the following information is relevant for inquiries: Delivery address (postcode and name of the town), but further details require a telephone call, so we ask you to inquire about transport costs and other delivery modalities to contact us by phone. Our contact details can be found under the legal information of the seller. We sell and export worldwide, due to our very large storage capacity we can also deliver larger quantities flexibly and quickly. We issue intra-community invoices - excluding VAT. Opening hours Mon-Fri: 8 a.m.-4 p.m. sat .: closed

Condition: used, For sale: a 3-meter conveyor belt, ready for operation. ✅ Length: 3 m Pgodpfx Ajyy Uiaod Ssn ✅ Belt width: 0.5 m ✅ Transportation can be arranged ✅ Large selection of conveyor belts available on site Please contact us. We will help you choose the right conveyor belt to meet your needs.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, rotor diameter: 950 mm, Set of shredding shafts, NEWly manufactured. These shafts are available with various blade configurations. The following are currently available: Size Hammel 450 / 650 / 750 / 850 / 950 or Arjes 750 | 850 | Impaktor 250 | Titan 900 or Lindner U-75 | U-4000 | U-95 From 5 to 11 knives per support disc are possible, 5 to 12 support discs are possible. You determine the degree of shredding, we determine the number of knives and discs for the shafts. Pgodpfeiwxngjx Ad Ssn We are also happy to accommodate your requests. Please include your company address and contact details in your inquiries. This will allow us to prepare a quote immediately and send it to your personal email address. sv p-rt com

Condition: used, Little used Proton OnSite C20 electrolytic hydrogen generation system made in 2018. The system was installed and tested but never put into operation due to owner dropping the project. Psdpfx Aszcwkked Segn Key information includes: - Capacity: 20 Nm3/h, 760 SCFH, 359 SLPM, 43.3 kg/24 hours. - Purity: 99.9998%, water vapour

Year of construction: 2022, condition: new, machine/vehicle number: 5YXXXX22, SINC MP Series briquetting press machine is the most economical solution for briquetting chip metals by pressing method. It enables you to press by processing the waste chips from CNC and similar machines in the factory. It is not only easy to transport the chips by briquetting instead of powder, but also minimizes metal losses. You can turn chip metals to solidifying and use them as raw materials. Pgjdpfxjihca Ds Ad Son * The specifications in photo is for machine that have 60 diameters. Please ask specs for 40 and 80 versions.