Used Machine Mixer for sale (66,300)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2008, XYZ SMX 5000 CNC Vertical Turret Milling Machine With Prototrak SMX Control Table Dimension 1,930 x 355mm (4 'T' Slots). Maximum Table Load 850kg. Axis Travel 'X'=1,524mm, 'Y'=596mm, 'Z'=520mm. Quill Ø116mm. Quill Travel 127mm. Spindle Nose to Table 620mm. Spindle Centre To Column Face 520mm. Speed Range 40-5,000rpm (7.5kW Motor). Spindle Taper ISO40. Power Drawbar. S/No. 11100 (2008). Itedpfxozvp E Es Abnsk With Coolant System, Table Guarding, Work Light, Vertex Heavy Duty Vice (Jaw Width 205mm), Indexing Head 3 Jaw Chuck 200mm, Centre Height 170mm, 8 Drawer Steel Cabinet With Contents Of Spindle Tooling & Clamp Sets. Approx Overall Dimensions L5,805 x W3,143 x H2,690mm. Weight 3,100kg. Note: Machine Had Control Upgrade 2023.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2022, functionality: fully functional, power: 2.2 kW (2.99 HP), travel distance X-axis: 3,000 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 2,100 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 190 mm, overall weight: 2,000 kg, Description CNC milling machine (wood router), Schreinerei Bessler Holzfräse Speed 3021, with control console including monitor and keyboard. Specifications: Designation: CNC milling machine Type: Speed 3021 Serial number: 2022398 Operating voltage: 400 V Motor power: 2.2 kW Year of manufacture: 2022 Total weight: 2,000 kg X-axis travel: 3,000 mm Y-axis travel: 2,100 mm Z-axis travel: 190 mm Itjdpfx Abjzvnazjnjk Tool holder: ER20 Spindle speed: 1,000 to 24,000 rpm Working dimensions: 3,000 x 2,100 mm Overall (transport) dimensions: approx. 415 x 296 x 175 cm Machine weight: 2,000 kg Configuration: Gantry construction with work table Control console on mobile unit Extraction hose included Condition: Used Dismantled

Condition: reconditioned (used), Ribbon mixer Machine has been overhauled Capacity: liters Iodpfx Abjwygclonotk Motor power: 3kW, 23 rpm Material: Steel

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2017, XYZ 2000 Turret Milling Machine (2017) (Ex College) 3 Axis Newhall DRO (X, Y & Knee) Spindle Taper R8 Spindle speeds to 500 – 4200 rev/min Table Size 1270 x 254mm Table Travel: X - 812mm Y - 406mm Knee Travel: Z - 406mm Quill Travel Z - 127mm For sale with Jet Machinery Ltd Jet Machinery Stock No: #79047 Machine Serial Number: 12907 Itodpfx Abexxb Rronjk Cost: £9,950.00 + VAT Whilst every effort has been made to ensure that the above information is accurate it is not guaranteed. We advise prospective purchasers to check any vital details. Health and Safety At Work Act 1974: It is not reasonably practical for ourselves as suppliers to ensure that for your application the goods comply with requirements of the Act with respect to guarding etc. Prospective purchasers should ensure that a guarding specialist inspect the goods prior to use.

Condition: good (used), 146 USED Kneading machine with a removable bowl, primarily for rye dough. TECHNICAL DATA: - Flour capacity: 100 kg, - Dough capacity: 160 kg. EXTERNAL DIMENSIONS (in cm): - Height: 117 cm, - Width: 80 cm, - Length: 100 cm. BOWL DIMENSIONS (in cm): - External width: 71 cm, - Depth: 47 cm. EQUIPMENT: - 2 black steel bowls, - Bowl drive. Itsdsxdktmspfx Abnek The device is available to verify in our warehouse (36-068 Bachórz, Poland). Paid options available: renovation / transport / assembly / commissioning of the device. The price is a net price. Our languages: ENGLISH, FRENCH, GERMAN, RUSSIAN, UKRAINIAN. ..... bakery oven, bakery ovens, bakery machine, bakery machines, bakery equipment, bakery equipments, bakery device, bakery devices

Condition: new, New machine, never used, 2 units in stock Iodpfx Asxa Htnjbnotk

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2021, XYZ RMX 3500 3 Axis CNC Bed Milling Machine ProtoTRAK RMX Control YOM 2021 Spindle: 5HP – Programmable 40 – 5000rpm 2 Ranges 40 – 600 & 300 – 5000rpm ISO40 Quill Dia 105mm Table: 1370 x 355mm 4 0ff T Slots T Slot size 15.9mm Max load 600kgs Travel: X – 787mm Y – 508mm Head Vertical (Z) – 500mm Itedpfjx D Tbmjx Abnsk Quill (Z) 127mm Dims without travel – 1905 x 2069 x 2225mm Dim with travel – 2758 x 2869 x 2490mm Weight 2430Kgs Power Requirements 22A Air Requirements 6bar YOM 2021 For Sale with Jet Machinery Ltd Jet Machinery Stock Number: #78900 Machine Serial Number: RM310097 £35,000.00 + VAT Whilst every effort has been made to ensure that the above information is accurate it is not guaranteed. We advise prospective purchasers to check any vital details. Health and Safety At Work Act 1974: It is not reasonably practical for ourselves as suppliers to ensure that for your application the goods comply with requirements of the Act with respect to guarding etc. Prospective purchasers should ensure that a guarding specialist inspect the goods prior to use.

Condition: like new (used), functionality: fully functional, Mixer VMI with 3 removable bowls Iedpfsy Stt Usx Abnetk - Capacity 250kg dough - Fully refurbished, working in excellent conditions - New timers ty94 - New electrical parts - New bearings - New belts - 400v, approx. 9kw, 32 A - Made in France - Assistance with transportation

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1995, functionality: unexamined, machine/vehicle number: 75, input voltage: 380 V, input frequency: 50 Hz, overall weight: 1,262 kg, Tonelli PN200 planetary mixer with 2 bowls and 3 attachments. The Tonelli PN200 is an industrial planetary mixer designed for the preparation and mixing of various food products. Its robust design allows for intensive use in production while ensuring a homogeneous and consistent mix. The machine is supplied with 2 bowls and 3 mixing attachments, offering good versatility depending on the preparations. Year of manufacture: 1995 Suitable for the production of: Itedezu S Rnopfx Abnsk Pastes Creams Fillings Various food preparations Main features: Bowl capacity: 200 liters 2 bowls 3 mixing attachments Stainless steel construction Planetary mixing system Technical specifications: Model: PN200 Manufacturer: Tonelli Voltage: 380V

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2003, functionality: fully functional, turning diameter over cross slide: 272 mm, turning length: 1,250 mm, turning diameter: 470 mm, spindle bore: 80 mm, spindle speed (max.): 2,500 rpm, spindle speed (min.): 50 rpm, travel distance X-axis: 1,250 mm, rotational speed (min.): 50 rpm, rotational speed (max.): 2,500 rpm, total height: 1,850 mm, total length: 2,700 mm, total width: 1,350 mm, type of input current: three-phase, overall weight: 2,300 kg, XYZ Proturn CNC/Manual Lathe Model: Proturn 410 Control: Proto Trak LX2 Swing Over Bed: 470mm Swing In Gap: 730mm Swing Over Cros Slide: 272mm Distance Between Centres: 1250mm Spindle Speeds: 50-2500 RPM Spindle Bore: 80mm Machine With: 300mm 3 Jaw Chuck Itedpfx Aezux Iyobnjk Quick Change Toolpost with Holders Dimensions: 2700 x 1350 x 1850mm high Weight: 2300 Kgs

Year of construction: 2023, operating hours: 1,500 h, condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, Abstracts This is a high-quality system that mixes and homogenizes up to 3 additives in a hot mixer. The control system is included in the scope of supply. First, the material is transported from the production area to a storage silo. From this first silo, the material is fed into the hot mixer, then into the cooler, and finally into a second silo for intermediate storage. After that, there is the option to directly fill the powder onto a big bag filling scale or to compress it into pellets using a pellet press and then fill them. The steel structure is included in the scope of supply. Where necessary, the system is designed according to ATEX standards. In the Documents section, you will find a detailed English and German description of the complete scope of this system. Do not hesitate to call us to discuss and demonstrate the system. A similar system can be inspected in Europe. Main machines: • Mixaco hot mixer HM3000 - 400 kW • Mixaco cooling mixer KM9000 - 90 kW • Steel structure • AZO feeding station and gravimetric dosing for 2 solids and 1 liquid • AZO 2 special dosing scales for difficult-to-flow powders or solids • AZO 4 transport line, pressure and vacuum conveying • AZO 2 metrologically verifiable big bag filling stations • AZO control system • Kreyenborg silos ATEX 15 m³ • Kahl pelletizer 37-850 – 132 kW with box cooler and accessories The system was in operation at an R&D center in Israel. As the company now operates a production facility in Europe, the R&D center will be closed. The machines will be transported to Europe at the owner's expense and can be delivered at a port or in the production facility in Europe, EXW. Itodsztc Nfspfx Abnok The details for optimal transport need to be clarified. The machine price does not include packaging.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 1992, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 06651, travel distance X-axis: 6,800 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 3,700 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 1,500 mm, feed rate X-axis: 15 m/min, feed rate Y-axis: 15 m/min, feed rate Z-axis: 10 m/min, total length: 15,000 mm, total width: 7,500 mm, spindle speed (max.): 4,000 rpm, total height: 7,000 mm, table height: 1,100 mm, rapid traverse X-axis: 15 m/min, rapid traverse Y-axis: 15 m/min, rapid traverse Z-axis: 10 m/min, distance between stands: 3,300 mm, type of input current: three-phase, table load: 50,000 kg, rotational speed (max.): 4,000 rpm, distance table center to spindle nose: 2,110 mm, overall weight: 110,000 kg, spindle motor power: 50,000 W, control cabinet length: 7,000 mm, control cabinet height: 2,000 mm, control cabinet width: 600 mm, Equipment: rotational speed infinitely variable, MODEL: Portal Type AGE: 1992 S/N #: 06651 CATEGORY: Mills, Planer Type, CNC Itodpoyahv Sofx Abnsk CAPACITY: X-Axis Travel: 6800 mm Y-Axis Head Travel: 3700 mm Z-Axis Ram Stroke: 1500 mm, fixed crossrail Ram Cross Section: 500 mm x 500 mm Distance Between Columns: 3300 mm Distance Table To Ram Face: 2110 mm, vertical passage 2000 mm Table Size: 6000 x 2500 mm Spindle (Quill) Diameter: 250 mm Spindle Taper: ISO #50 Spindle Speeds: 0-4000 RPM Spindle Motor: 50 KW EQUIPPED WITH: FIDIA System C20 CNC Control, new in 2002 CNC biaxial continous milling head Universal Milling Head with Auto Indexing Right Angle Head with Auto Indexing Straight Milling Head Wagons for Head Change and Tool Pick-up Change Hydrostatic Bearings Coolant System Full Length Chip Conveyors both side Way Covers Rapid movements: Z-10.000 mm/min, X and Y-15.000 mm/min Table load: max 50.000 kg Weight of the machine: 110.000 kg Outside dimensions: 15.000 x 7.500 x 7050 mm Machine has been tested before dismantling and is fully operational, all mechanical components in excellent condition, electrics new in 2018. Machine available from stock. The price is now SPECIAL FROM STOCK. Once we will reassemble the machine, price will grow significantly. We can assist you to assemble and run up the machine.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2020, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 2003031, total height: 1,550 mm, total width: 1,070 mm, total length: 1,670 mm, type of input current: AC, overall weight: 450 kg, input voltage: 220 V, Fully Servo Controlled Automatic Flow Wrapper / Pillow Packing Machine – KFD323 – Fully Working Fully automatic servo-controlled horizontal flow wrapping / pillow packing machine for sale. The machine is used, fully tested and in excellent working condition. It features a fully servo-controlled system, providing accurate and consistent control of product feeding, film movement, bag length and sealing. This is a high-speed industrial machine capable of running at up to 150 packs per minute, depending on the product, film and pack dimensions. The machine can be seen running and working before purchase, and a video of the machine in operation can also be provided. Main Specifications Model: KFD323 Machine Type: Automatic Horizontal Flow Wrapper / Pillow Packing Machine Control: Fully servo-controlled system Condition: Used – fully tested and working Production Year: 2020 Speed: 30–150 bags/min Power Supply: 220V / 50Hz Motor Power: 4.7 kW Heating Power: 2.1 kW Film Width: 80–370 mm Machine Weight: Approx. 450 kg Dimensions: Approx. 3670 × 1070 × 1550 mm Applications Suitable for high-speed automatic packaging of a wide range of products, including: Bakery products Isdpfx Ajzt Ugvjbnjtk Biscuits and confectionery Food products Snack products Household products Hardware and components Medical/disposable products General consumer goods The machine produces professional pillow-style sealed packs and can be integrated into an existing production or packaging line. Condition The machine is fully operational and has been tested prior to sale. All main functions, servo controls, film feeding and sealing systems are working correctly. Ready to go straight into production. This is an excellent opportunity to purchase a fully servo-controlled high-speed flow wrapper at a fraction of the cost of a new machine. Viewing and inspection are welcome. A video showing the machine running is available on request. Please contact me for further information, additional photographs, videos, or to arrange a viewing.

Condition: excellent (used), XYZ SMX 3500 3 Axis CNC Bed Milling Machine ProtoTRAK SMX Control Spindle: 5HP – Programmable 40 – 5000rpm 2 Ranges 40 – 600 & 300 – 5000rpm ISO40 Quill Dia 105mm Year of Manufacture 2008 Itodpfx Abszuxn Tonjk Table: 1370 x 355mm 4 0ff T Slots T Slot size 15.9mm Max load 600kgs Travel: X – 787mm Y – 508mm Head Vertical (Z) – 500mm Quill (Z) 127mm Dims without travel – 1905 x 2069 x 2225mm Dim with travel – 2758 x 2869 x 2490mm Weight 2430Kgs Power Requirements 22A Air Requirements 6bar For sale with Jet Machinery Ltd Jet Machinery Stock No: #79245 Machine Serial Number: 10731 Cost: £17,950.00 + VAT Whilst every effort has been made to ensure that the above information is accurate it is not guaranteed. We advise prospective purchasers to check any vital details. Health and Safety At Work Act 1974: It is not reasonably practical for ourselves as suppliers to ensure that for your application the goods comply with requirements of the Act with respect to guarding etc. Prospective purchasers should ensure that a guarding specialist inspect the goods prior to use.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2023, functionality: fully functional, Equipment: documentation/manual, Professional Spiral Duct Forming Machine – Ø80–1600 mm We are offering for sale a complete industrial machine for the production of round spiral ducts (SPIRO ducts) for HVAC, ventilation and dust extraction systems. We are the first owner. The machine was purchased directly from the manufacturer, professionally commissioned, configured and fine-tuned for production. It has only been used occasionally for our own production requirements and has never been operated in continuous or multi-shift mass production. The machine is fully operational, properly adjusted and ready for production. It is currently connected and can be demonstrated under actual production conditions, allowing the buyer to inspect the complete process and the quality of finished ducts before purchase. Key Features * working diameter range: Ø80–1600 mm * production speed: up to 60 m/min * installed power: 11.25 kW * galvanized steel: 0.4–1.2 mm * stainless steel: 0.4–0.7 mm * aluminium: 0.4–1.3 mm * pneumatic sheet metal strip decoiler * touchscreen control panel * automatic lubrication system * automatic forming angle adjustment * automatic rotary cutting * automatic fault detection * smooth ducts or single/double reinforcing beads * external spiral lock seam * machine weight: approx. 2,900 kg 39 Forming Heads Included The machine comes with an extensive set of 39 forming heads covering 22 diameters: Ø80 (1), Ø100 (2), Ø125 (3), Ø160 (3), Ø200 (3), Ø250 (3), Ø315 (3), Ø355 (2), Ø400 (2), Ø450 (2), Ø500 (2), Ø560 (2), Ø630 (2), Ø710 (1), Ø800 (1), Ø900 (1), Ø1000 (1), Ø1120 (1), Ø1250 (1), Ø1400 (1), Ø1500 (1), Ø1600 (1). The set therefore covers the full working range from Ø80 to Ø1600 mm, with additional heads for the most commonly produced diameters. Spare Parts Package Itedezt Ni Ejpfx Abnek A comprehensive package of spare and wear parts is included, such as forming and guiding components, lock-seaming rollers, pneumatic components, cutting knives/rotary cutting components and decoiler braking parts. This provides an important operational reserve and helps minimise downtime without having to immediately source essential parts internationally. Production-Ready + Training The buyer receives a fully configured and proven production machine, not an uncommissioned unit requiring extensive setup and adjustment. We provide on-site commissioning assistance and operator training at the buyer’s facility, including machine operation, forming head replacement, adjustment for different diameters and sheet thicknesses, maintenance and trial production. The machine can be inspected and demonstrated during actual spiral duct production before purchase. Approximately 100 steel stacking racks (Maurack type) for storing and transporting finished ducts are also available and can be purchased together with the machine. The machine is located in Poland. Transport can be arranged individually. Price: upon request / subject to negotiation. For further information, photos, videos or to arrange a live machine demonstration, please contact us directly.

Condition: refurbished (used), Diosna SPV 120 AD spiral mixer - machine for 120 kg of dough - 2 mixing bowls - machine after refurbishment - 2 timers - in perfect condition - scraper with dough temperature display Itodpeztz Ugofx Abnok Price on request.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1978, LÖDIGE FM 50 1MZ plowshare mixer with knife head This mixer with a maximum useful volume of 35 liters operates using the throwing and vortex method. The machine can process powdery, granular, and short-fiber dry materials. Iodpfx Abjzu Rblonstk The scope of supply includes a multi-stage knife head with a separate 2.2 kW drive. All parts that come into contact with the product are made of stainless steel 1.4571. Product inlet opening: Ø 200 mm Discharge: manual - flap 110 x 90 mm Underframe height: approx. 600 mm Manufacturer: Lödige Year of manufacture: 1978 Space requirement: 140 x 105 x 140 cm

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 2026, warranty duration: 24 months, input voltage: 230 V, DGUV certified until: 06/2028, input current: 10 A, input frequency: 50 Hz, type of input current: AC, power: 1 kW (1.36 HP), electrical fuse: 10 A, Dough kneading machine Model: SP 6 Protective grid with shutdown Table machine Spiral kneader for max. 6 kg of dough Infinitely variable speed DGUV V3 tested Isdpfx Absf Etmtsnotk Connection 220V Dough machine NEW with 12 months warranty Come to our sales center with baking equipment and many bakery machines.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2016, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 113L160577, travel distance X-axis: 1,270 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 700 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 600 mm, rapid traverse X-axis: 36 m/min, rapid traverse Y-axis: 36 m/min, rapid traverse Z-axis: 36 m/min, feed length X-axis: 1,270 mm, feed length Y-axis: 700 mm, feed length Z-axis: 600 mm, feed rate X-axis: 11 m/min, feed rate Y-axis: 11 m/min, feed rate Z-axis: 20 m/min, nominal power (apparent): 35 kVA, controller manufacturer: FANUC, controller model: SERIE 31I-MODEL B, workpiece length (max.): 1,400 mm, workpiece width (max.): 700 mm, workpiece height (max.): 500 mm, workpiece weight (max.): 1,800 kg, total height: 3,050 mm, total length: 3,700 mm, total width: 3,240 mm, table width: 1,400 mm, table length: 700 mm, table load: 1,800 kg, rotational speed (min.): 100 rpm, rotational speed (max.): 9,000 rpm, overall weight: 10,100 kg, spindle speed (min.): 100 rpm, spindle speed (max.): 9,000 rpm, operating hours of spindle: 7,883 h, coolant supply: 20 bar, number of spindles: 1, number of slots in tool magazine: 60, Equipment: documentation/manual, High-speed package, with optical scales on the X and Y axes. Iedpjzlpgnjfx Abnstk

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2010, XYZ SMX 5000 3 Axis CNC Bed Milling Machine ProtoTRAK SMX Control Spindle: 7.5Hp – Programmable 70 – 5000rpm ISO40 Quill Dia 105mm Manufactured 2008 Table: 1930 x 355mm 4 off T Slots size 15.9mm Max load 850kgs Travel: X – 1524mm Y – 596mm Z – 584mm Dims: W - 5805mm D – 2530mm H – 3143mm Weight - 3100Kgs For sale with *Jet Machinery Ltd* Stock No: 79199 Serial No: 11273 Price: £24,950.00 + VAT Whilst every effort has been made to ensure that the above information is accurate it is not guaranteed. We advise prospective purchasers to check any vital details. Health and Safety At Work Act 1974: It is not reasonably practical for ourselves as suppliers to ensure that for your application the goods comply with requirements of the Act with respect to guarding etc. Prospective purchasers should ensure that a guarding specialist inspect the goods prior to use. Itjdey Ni Ivspfx Abnek

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 2026, warranty duration: 12 months, input voltage: 230 V, DGUV certified until: 07/2027, total width: 400 mm, total height: 550 mm, input frequency: 50 Hz, type of input current: AC, power: 1.1 kW (1.50 HP), Dough kneading machine Model: SP 20 Protective cover with shutdown Table machine for max. 12 kg of flour Spiral mixer for max. 20 kg. Dough Infinitely variable speed Ijdpfsgu Nf Nsx Abnetk Spiral mixer with timer DGUV V3 tested Connection 230V, 1100 Watt, 5 Amp Weight 50 kg Dimensions: 400 x 630 x 550 mm, WxDxH Dough machine NEW with 12 months warranty Come to our large bakery machine park!

Condition: like new (used), Generally overhauled machine Price: 3.500EUR Dough mixer Manufacturer: Diosna With paddle Stainless steel bowl Volume: 80 liters Dimensions: 75x70x100cm Electric power: 2.5kW Itedpfx Ajx N Egujbnsk Voltage: 380V 50Hz

Condition: used, XYZ 2-OP Compact Vertical machining Centre Iodpezu Ni Uofx Abnstk Year 2017 Pro-Track TMX Control Table Size: 457 x 381 mm X/Y/Z Travels: 355 x 305 x 455 mm Spindle Speeds: 50- 6,000 rpm Spindle BT 30 Spindle 3hp 8 Station Tool Changer Machine Weight: 1,100 kg Footprint: 760 x 1,220 mm

Condition: used, Scott HST Mixer Model 2496 Continuous High Intensity Mixer with liquid injection. Extremely versatile blender employed for a wide range of duties, including: • Mixing of dry powders • Liquid addition to dry powders Itodpfx Abszvgmmsnek • Agglomeration (with additional of liquid binder) • Coating Adjustable paddles to control retention time. Large access doors for ease of cleaning. Installed Power – 45 kW. Equipment is offered in "as is" condition with no warranty given or implied. PPDS can offer full refurbishment services. Inspection is invited at our premises in Uttoxeter, Staffordshire, United Kingdom (close to East Midlands, Birmingham and Manchester airports). Powder Process Design Services Ltd has been supplying equipment and systems to the industrial minerals sector for over 20 years. We specialise in the design and supply of minerals processing systems using a combination of new and s/hand refurbished equipment. With approaching 40 years experience we aim to deliver projects that meet and indeed exceed clients expectations. We have satisfied customers throughout the world, including, the United States, South America, New Zealand, South Africa the Middle East and the UK and Ireland. Please check out our other listings and subscribe to our stock list.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2002, functionality: fully functional, Technical Specifications: Manufacturer: Thompson Meat Machinery. Model: 4200 M/M single-shaft mixer grinder. Serial Number: TMG.4200.259. Date of manufacture: 2002. Output capacity - up to 4,000 kg/h (depending on product). Itjdpfx Abszuzl Usnsk Hopper capacity - 390 litres. Mix capacity - up to 200 kg. Head size - #56. Supplied with various hole plates and other spare parts. Motors: Voltage (V): 415 V (for all motors). Frequency (Hz): 50 Hz (for all motors). Total Ampage: 35.8 A.