Used Coordinate Measuring Machine (Cmm) for sale (68,099)

Condition: good (used), Hexagon Type: Hexagon Optiv Performance 442 Product description: The 3D multi-sensor coordinate measuring machine Optiv Performance 442 combines optical and tactile measurements in a single system. The system supports multi-sensor measurements with a vision sensor, tactile sensor, TTL laser (Through-The-Lens), and the innovative Chromatic White Light Sensor (cws). The base unit with a vision sensor can be modularly expanded with all available sensors. Application areas: • Use on a level surface • Versatile geometric measurements and GD&T analyses with standard construction accuracy • Design principle: Nledszgr R Espfx Af Sjg » Low-vibration granite construction with a fixed bridge and movable table » Integrated substructure with optional vibration dampers • Guides: » Precise mechanical linear guides in all axes • Drives: » DC servo motors, power transmission via backlash-free ball screws at the center of gravity • Length measuring system: » Incremental length measuring system • Resolution: 0.1 pm Hexagon Optiv 442 multi-sensor measuring machine equipped with a camera, laser, and Renishaw probe system. • Measuring range per sensor: 410x410x200mm • Dimensions: 1232x910x1663mm • Weight: approx. 940kg • Max. load capacity: Glass plate 30kg • Accuracy: U1=1.9 + L/200; U2=2.4 + L/150; U3=2.9 + L/100 (L = measuring length in mm) • Max. travel speed per axis: 200mm/s • Camera with 2-stage zoom • Laser • LED ring light • Renishaw 6-position probe changer • Renishaw TP200 probe system • Monitor operation • Windows 7 Ultimate evaluation station • Measuring machine HEXAGON Optiv 442 Electrical connection values: Voltage 115/230 V ± 10% Mains frequency 50/60 Hz ± 5% Power consumption 1000 VA Weight: approx. 1100 kg Condition: used Scope of supply: (See image) (Changes and errors in the technical data are subject to change!) We will be happy to answer any further questions you may have by telephone.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2019, 3D coordinate measuring machine STIEFELMAYER Futura CNC, no. 20190101F, year of manufacture 2019, measuring range 1,600 x 1,000 x 1,000 mm, with scanning function, various probing heads, control PC, 2 output monitors, EPSON multifunction device, office workstation, next inspection 01/2027 Nledpjyhql Ssfx Af Seg

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, functionality: fully functional, Aberlink's Horizon 1000 CNC Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) builds on the success of the Horizon 800, offering extended travels of X 1000mm, Y 1200 or 2000mm and Z 800mm. It uses frictionless linear actuators that provide fast, smooth and silent movement, making it particularly suitable for use in inspection rooms. Nodpovwa Uqofx Af Solg The design has been optimized to improve the stiffness to weight ratio of the bridge assembly, with the Y-axis rail increased by 200mm to increase rigidity. Drive is through the center of gravity, improving both speed and accuracy. Thermal isolation of the motors from the metrological structure prevents thermally induced measurement errors. With a volumetric accuracy of up to (1.75 + L/250)µm and a scale resolution of 0.1µm, the Horizon 1000 ensures the highest precision. The user-friendly Aberlink 3D measurement software enables a short training period, so that precise measurements can be carried out even without prior knowledge. Free software updates ensure that the system is always up to date.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Klingenberg PNC 30 Gear Measuring Machine Module range: 0.5 - 15 Max. gear outer diameter: 300 mm Gear width, continuously measurable: 400 mm Smallest/largest helix or pressure angle: 0 - 90° Center distance: 0 - 700 mm Diagram recording magnification: 50, 100, 200, 1000, 2000x Diagram longitudinal magnification: 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20x Permissible test gear weight: 200 kg Total connected power of the testing device: approx. 4 kVA Power supply: all mains voltages at 50 + 60 Hz Dimensions of the device with center adapters (L x W x H): 1350 x 955 x 2000 mm Dimensions of the work table for evaluation units (L x W): 1600 x 800 mm Net weight with control cabinet: approx. 1200 kg You are welcome to visit us for a demonstration. We will gladly arrange cost-effective shipping for you! The purchase price includes VAT. You will receive a proper invoice. For foreign customers, a net invoice can also be issued. A valid VAT identification number is required. Subject to prior sale. Nodpfezyghfjx Af Solg Visit our shop and view our other offers. The company names and trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners and are used solely for identification and description of the products. Deviations from technical data and errors in the description of the item may occur and are reserved.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2003, functionality: fully functional, Equipment: documentation/manual, type plate available, Taylor Hobson Talyrond 265 roundness measuring instrument. Extremely accurate; it can measure the roundness of lenses, optics, pistons, turbine components, tubes, shafts, and also eccentricity, e.g., of cams on a camshaft or journals of a crankshaft. It is certainly of interest for motorsport and tuning companies. The first photo is a "representative image" from a Taylor Hobson catalog, showing how it is constructed, except for the computer, which is a newer, more modern HP model with a small form factor. Max. diameter 350 mm Max. test piece height 500 mm (higher values are possible by measuring in two parts, up to a maximum of 1000 mm...) Self-centering of the workpiece +/- 5 mm Max. weight of test piece 40 kg The system has been used very little and has had only two owners. The first owner, from whom I bought it, was an implant company in Hamburg; it was used in a "medically clean environment" and is extremely clean. It was never located in a dirty machine hall. The year of manufacture is estimated to be between 2003 and 2005. The Taylor-Hobson measurement software is, of course, included and runs on the supplied HP computer (without a password...). It is also on the USB stick, perhaps for installation on another machine at your location. Nedpfx Afozcqy Ee Solg Accessories are included: the original Taylor-Hobson desk, computer, monitor, seven (7!) measuring probes, each of which is very expensive to purchase. A sample/sample lens (hemisphere) is included for calibration! The very detailed operating manual is on the USB stick, and all circuit diagrams and functional diagrams are also included! The system will be shipped on two Euro pallets via a freight carrier. It is already well secured on them. The Talyrond 265 and the desk will be wrapped with bubble wrap, etc., and secured with stretch film to provide extreme protection during transport. The system itself is fixed with "transport safety screws." Shipping is at the buyer's expense and will be on two Euro pallets. The measuring system should definitely be assembled and put into operation by a Taylor Hobson service technician, who can then also recalibrate the system on-site. This is now recommended after a few years. Errors can be made during assembly and commissioning. For example, some locking screws are installed for transport, and if you forget them, the system could be damaged when starting up. A truly well-maintained, very accurate system that will continue to provide excellent service for many years to come!

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2012, measuring range X-axis: 400 mm, measuring range Y-axis: 400 mm, measuring range Z-axis: 250 mm, workpiece weight (max.): 40 kg, total height: 1,778 mm, total width: 1,027 mm, total length: 1,407 mm, overall weight: 579 kg, Immediately available. Nationwide delivery (Germany) within a maximum of 7 days after order. General machine data: Machine type: Quick Vision APEX QV-T1404 Year of manufacture: Mid 2012 Manufacturer: Mitutoyo Measuring range: 400 x 400 x 250 mm Nedpfx Afew Hqx Rj Selg Control: Mitutoyo QV Remote Box Operating manual: Available Hardware and software equipment: PC/CPU: Brand new Monitor: Brand new Software: Mitutoyo QVPAK V13.2 Probe holder: Renishaw PH-6 with PI200-3 Probe: Renishaw TP200 Power supply: Mitutoyo Power Supply Unit 600 Additional accessories: Objectives - 02AKT250 1x & 02AKT300 2.5x This Mitutoyo Quick Vision Apex CNC from mid-2012 is designed for versatile measurement applications. Equipped with modern hardware and the latest Mitutoyo software, it offers high precision and reliability. The comprehensive range of accessories, including the Renishaw probe and calibration sphere, enables diverse measurement tasks. Kneissl Messtechnik GmbH is a trusted partner of Mitutoyo. Thanks to our close cooperation, we can respond individually to customer requirements and make specific adaptations to the Mitutoyo Quick Vision Apex.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2003, Technical Data Manufacturer: Zeiss Model: Carmet Year of manufacture: 2003 2 measuring arms Measuring plate Mounted grid plate Width: 3,100 mm Depth: 2,000 mm Accessories PC unit (FTSD0026) Nledjxnru Hspfx Af Seg Joystick control 2 x 24" monitors, make Eizo Keyboard Mouse Price: on request! Note: Our offer is intended exclusively for professional clients. (Subject to change and errors in technical data, specifications and pricing, as well as prior sale!)

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2008, machine/vehicle number: 149616, travel distance Y-axis: 1,600 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 2,500 mm, Equipment: type plate available, Technical Data Manufacturer: Zeiss Model: Pro T Compact S/N: 149616 Year of manufacture: 2008 2 measuring arms Measuring table Nsdpfx Aexnrumjf Selg Width: 3,000 mm Depth: 6,000 mm Travel ranges Y-axis: 1,600 mm Z-axis: 2,500 mm Equipment 2 x control PCs (FTSD0026; FTSD0029) 4 x 24" monitors, make Eizo 2 x keyboard 2 x mouse Misc. accessories Price: on request! Note: Our offer is directed exclusively at professional customers. (Modifications and errors in the technical data, information and prices as well as prior sale remain reserved!)

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, Sales Description – Keyence XM-T1200 including accessories For sale is a high-quality Keyence XM-T1200 3D coordinate measuring machine including extensive accessories. The system is ideal for precise dimensional measurements, quality control, and flexible measuring tasks in manufacturing, toolmaking, and production. The XM series from Keyence impresses with its ease of use, high measuring accuracy, and fast measurement results – even with complex components. Thanks to the optical measurement support and intuitive software, measurements can be performed efficiently and reproducibly. Equipment / Scope of supply Keyence XM-T1200 Control and operating unit Original accessory package Probes / measuring sensors (depending on the configuration) Calibration accessories Software / documentation (if available) Further accessories by arrangement Technical highlights Precise 3D measurements Simple and user-friendly operation Flexible positioning of the measuring sensors Fast commissioning without complex fixtures Ideal for single parts, series production, and quality inspection Nodpfszdnxysx Af Selg Condition The machine is in well-maintained and fully functional condition. Maintenance and operation were carried out carefully. An inspection or demonstration is possible by arrangement. Sale Location: Hanns-Martin Schleyer Str. 2 // 41199 MG Availability: by arrangement Price: Negotiable / on request If you are interested or have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact us. We will be happy to send you further photos, technical details, and information about the accessories.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2021, Renishaw Type: Equator 500 Year of manufacture: 2021 Item description: For sale is a Renishaw Equator™ 500, a high-precision industrial 3D measuring and inspection system designed for series production and process control on the shop floor. The Equator 500 is not a traditional coordinate measuring machine (CMM), but a comparative measurement system developed specifically for fast, repeatable measurements directly in the production environment. It is ideal for mass production, in-process measurements, and automated inspection routines. The unit is perfectly suited for checking dimensional accuracy, geometric tolerances, and position tolerances of workpieces, and can provide feedback to CNC machines. The software loads correctly, system status as per display: "Started OK" (see photos). Features & Application Areas: - 3D measurement of workpieces - Comparative measurement principle (very fast inspection cycles) - High repeatability in the micrometer range - Real-time temperature compensation - Suitable for shopfloor use - Automation ready (e.g. robot loading) - Ideal for series production, spot-checks, and process control Nljdpfjzix Nmox Af Sog Typical Industries: - CNC manufacturing - Metalworking - Automotive / supplier industry - Mechanical and tool engineering Technical Data (manufacturer information / approximate values) Manufacturer: Renishaw Model: Equator™ 500 (H+150) Device type: Comparative 3D measuring system / CMM Measuring range: X / Y: approx. Ø 500 mm Z: approx. 150 mm Measurement principle: Comparative coordinate measurement technology Temperature-compensated measurement Accuracy: Very high repeat accuracy Measurement accuracy in the micrometer range (depending on application and strategy) Control & Software Controller type: Equator 500 Software version: 2.5.21.1 RRTLOS version: 5.1.12 Operation via PC-based Renishaw software Electrical Data: Supply voltage: 230 V AC Frequency: 50 / 60 Hz Power requirement: approx. 1 kW Dimensions (approx.) Total height: approx. 1,900 mm Footprint / diameter: approx. 1,200 mm Weight (approx.): 130 kg Condition: used Scope of delivery: (see photos) - Renishaw Equator™ 500 measuring system - Controller / industrial PC - Monitor - Keyboard and mouse - Base frame - Accessories as shown in the photos (Subject to technical modifications and errors. All data provided without liability!) For further questions, we are happy to assist you over the phone.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2023, An optical 3D coordinate measuring machine Keyence is available. Measurement accuracy: +/-10µm, repeatability: +/-2µm, measurement points: 9 million, max. measurement diameter: 300mm, max. measurement height: 200mm, max. measurement dimensions (multiple capture) X/Y/Z: 580mm/300mm/200mm, max. workpiece weight: 50kg, table tilt: 45°. Including control and evaluation software, rotary table and calibration accessories. Documentation available. An on-site inspection is possible. The image is an example. Nledpfozhnuvox Af Seg

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2011, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: p1276453, measuring range X-axis: 1,200 mm, measuring range Y-axis: 700 mm, measuring range Z-axis: 600 mm, workpiece weight (max.): 650 kg, total height: 2,650 mm, type of input current: AC, total width: 1,271 mm, total length: 2,081 mm, travel distance X-axis: 1,200 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 700 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 600 mm, overall weight: 1,750 kg, input voltage: 220 V, table height: 800 mm, compressed air connection: 6 bar, year of last overhaul: 2025, ambient temperature (max.): 20 °C, Equipment: documentation/manual, type plate available, Measuring volume: 1200x700x600 mm, measuring accuracy: MPEe = (2.2 + U350) µm, MPEp = 2.5 µm. Includes a base frame with integrated dual passive vibration damping, highly precise granite guideways, bellows covers. Automatic rotary swivel head RTP20 from Renishaw, with TP20 probe. Probe changer magazine MCR202. Probe module TP20 Standardforce (Serial No.: MCR20 39E429, TP20StdF 49F352, TP20 StdF: 11C613). Measuring software ThomControl. TERRA PC Business 7000 i7. One-hand joystick MCU-Lite from Renishaw. Nsdpfszl Ebhjx Af Solg CNC control UCC-T3 PLUS.

Year of construction: 1989, condition: excellent (used), Technical specifications Manufacturer: Zeiss Type: OMC 850 Year of manufacture: 1989 Nlodpfx Aed Tx Umsf Sog Measuring range X: 850 mm Y: 1200 mm Z: 720 mm The machine can be modernized with new accessories according to customer requirements. Price: on request! Installation and commissioning possible! We will be happy to provide you with a detailed offer! Note: Our offer is exclusively for professional customers! (Subject to changes and errors in technical data, information, and prices, as well as prior sale!)

Year of construction: 2012, condition: excellent (used), Coord3 Hera coordinate measuring machine in top condition Measuring Ranges X – axis 900 mm Y – axis 2000 mm Z – axis 800 mm Accuracy acc. ISO 10360 E = [2,5 + 4L/1000]µm Pantec Eagle Pro Probe system Renishaw PH10MQ+SP25M Probe changer Renishaw FCR25 Inspect3D Inca V7 (latest Version) Computer Hewlett Packard (Windows 11 Pro) Dual Monitor On demand with old PC (W7) and old Arco CAD license Nodpfx Aslmlhwsf Sslg (minus € 5.000,--)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1998, Technical details: x-travel: 870 mm y-travel: 870 mm z-travel: 800 mm table surface area: BxT: 1.260 x 1.050 mm distance between columns: 1.260 mm Laser measuring system with ZETT3D geometry program The table is made of granite and has 48 mounting holes M6 integrated. With interface module Renishaw type P14-2 On machine is currently installed a shaft with probe pin 60mm (without extension) Probeset Renishaw type PH-1 stored in a wooden box. Operation manually, operated control panel with 2 control knobs, keyboard and 4-line LCD display. Accessories: various probe tips and extension, calibration ball Printer Computer (Software Windows NT) Last calibration was at 06/2006. Nodpju N At Refx Af Solg *

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2014, Measuring machine Zeiss CMM Pro T2 advance 16/21, year of manufacture 2014 – in very good condition • Standard numerical control panel • Base plate dimensions: Length: 4,000 mm Width: 2,000 mm Height: 640 mm Total system height approx. 4,500 mm • Measuring range: X-axis: 3,200 mm Y-axis: 1,600 mm Z-axis: 2,100 mm • Permissible workpiece weight: approx. 5,000 kg Nsdpfxjw D R Nqo Af Solg Software: Zeiss Caligo BASIS CNC, Zeiss Caligo QS-STAT • Length measurement deviation according to ISO 10360-2: MPE-E = (27 + L/80)μm

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1983, machine/vehicle number: 16340283, table length:2000 mm table width:1000 mm weight of the machine ca.:2,9 t Nedpfx Ascxxziof Selg Novalyth stone table with integrated T-groove, Grundig MZ 1030 measuring computer, 5 height-adjustable feet.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2020, X-axis: +/-100mm, measuring range: 600x300x200mm, max. workpiece weight: 25kg, the machine is as good as new, an on-site inspection is possible. Nedporuaaaefx Af Solg

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, functionality: fully functional, The Aberlink Azimuth CNC Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) is the largest model in our range and reflects over twenty years of experience and excellence in developing innovative metrology. Nljdsvwbabjpfx Af Ssg It has been specifically designed for the precise measurement of large and heavy workpieces weighing up to 6000kg. The revolutionary bridge design incorporates aluminium honeycomb core panels originally developed for Formula 1 and aerospace. This design offers a remarkable stiffness to weight ratio that improves both the performance and speed of the Azimuth. With travels of X 1200mm, Y 2000 or 3000mm and Z 1000mm and volumetric accuracy of up to (2.6 + L/250)µm, the Azimuth ensures the highest precision. The scale resolution is 0.1µm. A specially designed load plate system allows heavy components to be placed directly on the granite base, transferring the load directly to the floor without affecting metrological performance. The user-friendly Aberlink 3D measurement software enables a short training period, so that even without prior knowledge, precise measurements can be taken. Free software updates ensure that the system is always kept up to date.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, functionality: fully functional, Aberlink's Horizon CNC Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) sets new standards in metrology by using frictionless linear drives that ensure fast, smooth and silent movements. This technology minimizes wear and increases reliability, which reduces maintenance. The granite base and Y-axis rail make the most of the thermal stability of this material to ensure precise measurements. The Horizon CMM is available in a range of sizes, with travels of X 800 mm, Y 1000 or 1600 mm and Z 600 mm, to suit different measurement requirements. Volumetric accuracy is (1.8 + L/350)µm with the TP20 probe, (1.7 + L/350)µm with the TP200 probe and (1.5 + L/350)µm with the SP25M scanner. The scale resolution is 0.1µm. Nljdpfsvwa Udex Af Sjg Thanks to the user-friendly Aberlink 3D measurement software, the training time is minimal, so that precise measurements can be carried out even without prior knowledge. Free software updates ensure that the system is always up to date.

Condition: defective spare-parts repository (used), functionality: limited functionality, In this listing, you are purchasing a faulty ‘Keyence XM-1200’ coordinate measuring machine Item for sale: 1x Keyence XM-1200 with the following accessories including the accessories shown in the photos Condition: This listing is for a second-hand device, which may show signs of wear (minor scratches or discolouration). Njdpfx Aoyrcx Ssf Solg The device is not in working order Packaging and dispatch: You are welcome to view the device during our business hours. Please arrange an appointment to do so! Sea-worthy packaging and worldwide dispatch available on request! A functional test will be recorded on video for you prior to dispatch or collection. For further information, you are of course welcome to contact us directly.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2007, machine/vehicle number: 134418, measuring range X-axis: 1,200 mm, measuring range Y-axis: 1,800 mm, measuring range Z-axis: 1,000 mm, Equipment: type plate available, Technical Data Manufacturer: Zeiss Type: Accura 12/18/10 S/N: 13418 Year of manufacture: 2007 Measuring Plate Hard stone measuring plate Width: 2,400 mm Depth: 1,700 mm Height: 400 mm Measuring Range X-axis: 1,200 mm Y-axis: 1,800 mm Z-axis: 1,000 mm Accessories Control panel PC unit 2 x 27" monitors, brand BenQ Keyboard Mouse Accessories Stored in a two-door metal cabinet Price: on request! Nledsxnruaspfx Af Ssg Note: Our offer is aimed exclusively at professional customers. (Subject to change and error in technical data, details and prices as well as prior sale!)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1973, functionality: not functional, machine/vehicle number: 1709, SIP MUL-1000 universal length measuring machine with a comprehensive set of original SIP accessories. Manufacturer: SIP – Société Genevoise d’Instruments de Physique, Geneva/Switzerland Year of manufacture: 1973 Machine number: 1709 Nsdpfx Afjzz Hq Ae Solg Measuring range: approx. 1,000 mm The machine is offered expressly in its current condition, without any guarantee regarding functionality or accuracy. Oil was detected in the area of the scale/measuring system. A detailed fault diagnosis or repair has not been performed. Therefore, the machine is not sold as being in working order. Inspection and your own technical assessment on-site in Mönchengladbach are strongly recommended.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2020, operating hours: 450 h, functionality: fully functional, total height: 400 mm, total width: 800 mm, total length: 800 mm, travel distance X-axis: 5,000 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 5,000 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 5,000 mm, overall weight: 50 kg, repeat accuracy: 0.01 mm, Equipment: documentation/manual, KEYENCE WM-3000 Mobile 3D Coordinate Measuring System, Year of Manufacture 2020 For sale is a mobile 3D coordinate measuring system, KEYENCE WM-3000, year of manufacture 2020. The WM-3000 enables flexible and precise 3D measurement of components directly in production or at a testing station. Thanks to the optical tracking technology and the wireless measuring probe, the system is particularly suitable for dimensional accuracy checks and for comparing the actual and target dimensions of complex components. Technical data: Manufacturer: KEYENCE Type: WM-3000 Year of manufacture: 2020 Mobile 3D coordinate measuring system Measuring range: 5,000 mm Measuring accuracy: approx. ±28 µm Njdpfez Aynksx Af Sjlg Repeatability: up to approx. 10 µm Optical 3D measurement Wireless measuring probe Supply voltage: 220 V Weight: approx. 50 kg External dimensions: approx. 800 × 800 × 400 mm Suitable for: 3D dimensional inspection Quality control Actual vs. target comparisons Measurement of complex components Use directly in production The device is offered as used. Condition and scope of delivery, see photos or upon request. Subject to technical changes and errors.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2008, functionality: fully functional, total width: 1,700 mm, total length: 1,765 mm, travel distance X-axis: 500 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 450 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 400 mm, compressed air connection: 4 bar, Wenzel Smart Gear - gear and 3D coordinate measuring machine The machine is in very good condition and fully functional. It has been regularly serviced and well looked after. Machine data: • Machine dimensions L=1765mm W=1700mm H=2232mm • Max. rotary table workpiece diameter = 5 to 270mm Nsdpfovvudkox Af Selg • Measuring accuracy gear testing in accordance with VDI/VDE2612/2613 Group II • Max. rotary table load = 20 daN • Travel paths X= 500mm Y=450mm Z=400mm • Scanning probe - Renishaw SP600M • 7x SP600 change plate for probe included • Module measuring range 0.4 - 10mm • Active air damping of the machine • Year of manufacture 2008 • Accessories such as driver, reference ball etc. as shown • Jaw chuck D=80mm with inside and outside jaws • 24 inch monitor, mouse, keyboard The following software modules are included: Gear cutting software: • TMain - program management • TStylus – Probe management • TCali – Probe calibration • TAmo – Calculated axis position determination • TGear – Spur gear measuring program • TGear – Head and root circle option • TWorm – Worm measuring program 3D software • Metrosoft CM 3.8