Used Index Gu 600 for sale (144)

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2012, Index GU 600 H Data X: 181 mm Isdpfxjy Urf Us Abfoth Z: 650 mm Chuck: 200 mm Turret: VDI 30 / 12-station Siemens 840 D Main spindle: 65 mm Chip conveyor Coolant system Documentation

Condition: good (used), Machine come with equipement from pictures. Itsdpfx Asvx Tikebfeh Parts shown by hand not come.

Condition: used, Technical details: turning diameter: 626 mm turning length: 3000 mm Turning diameter: 600 mm spindle bore: 100 mm spindle turning speed range: 2800 U/min Iodpsvgmimsfx Abfeth weight of the machine ca.: 18 t Machine overhold and retrofit in 2003 with SIEMENS 840 D control - NC steady rest - 12-fold revolving head - splash doors - tailstock - coolant device *

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2023, turning diameter 620 mm turning length 1500 mm control Siemens 808D spindle bore 100 mm turning diameter over slide 420 mm spindle turning speed range 10 - 4000 U/min main drive 41 kW rapid traverse speed 10000 mm/min total power requirement 65 kW weight of the machine ca. 9 t dimensions of the machine ca. 6,4 x 3,0 x 2,5 m Itodpslar N Nsfx Abfoh Control unit CNC Siemens 808D new Drives/Servomotores, 24 month warranty on equipment - Chip Conveyor - Tool cooling system - Tailstock - Tool changer (Tower) with 8 positions OPTIONAL INCLUDED - - piece support (Lunete)

Condition: used, turning diameter 280 mm turning length 800 mm control Siemens type 840 D turning speeds 4000 U/min swing diameter 320 mm 3 jaw chuck Forckrath 250 mm Machine has been overhauled The tech. Data are manufacturer or operator information and therefore non- binding. We reserve the right to prior sale; Our terms and conditions of sale apply exclusively. About us More than 400 of our own machines in stock Over 15,000 m² of storage space, 70 t crane capacity More than 10,000 items and accessories for your workshop If you are interested in selling machines, production lines, or your business, please contact us. You can find further offers on our website. Tours are possible by appointment. Itjdpfx Aboyqv Epofoh We look forward to your visit. Your Markus Hirsch Team

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1990, turning diameter 626 mm turning length 3000 mm control Siemens type 840D spindle passage 100 mm turning speeds 2800 U/min weight of the machine ca. 18 t Machine overhauled in 2003 and equipped with a Siemens 840 D - NC steady rest - 400 mm power chuck The tech. Data are manufacturer or operator information and therefore non- binding. We reserve the right to prior sale; Our terms and conditions of sale apply exclusively. About us More than 400 of our own machines in stock Over 15,000 m² of storage space, 70 t crane capacity Itodpfxeyqtzzj Abfoh More than 10,000 items and accessories for your workshop If you are interested in selling machines, production lines, or your business, please contact us. You can find further offers on our website. Tours are possible by appointment. We look forward to your visit. Your Markus Hirsch Team

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1996, functionality: fully functional, turning length: 800 mm, turning diameter: 280 mm, spindle bore: 65 mm, travel distance X-axis: 310 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 870 mm, spindle motor power: 22,000 W, rotational speed (max.): 4,000 rpm, total height: 2,200 mm, total length: 4,100 mm, total width: 2,000 mm, overall weight: 4,600 kg, swing diameter over bed slide: 400 mm, chuck outer diameter: 315 mm, Equipment: documentation/manual, rotational speed infinitely variable, We are happy to assist you with your inquiries by phone. Iedpfx Absw Nn Elsfoth

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2006, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 020033, spindle speed (max.): 5,000 rpm, spindle diameter: 110 mm, controller model: Siemens SINUMERIK, empty load weight: 11,000 kg, counter spindle speed (max.): 5,000 rpm, The machine is expected to be available for approximately €4,000, including loading onto a truck (FOB). TECHNICAL DETAILS Working area X1-axis: 1,190 mm Working area Y1-axis: 120 mm Working area Z1-axis: 260 mm Working area X3-axis: 540 mm Working area Y3-axis: 120 mm Working area Z3-axis: 260 mm Handling space X1-axis: 490 mm Axes and Feed Feed force X1/Z1/Y1: approx. 8/10/10 kN Feed force X3/Z3/Y3: approx. 8/10/10 kN Rapid traverse speed X1/Z1/Y1: approx. 80/40/7.5 m/min Rapid traverse speed X3/Z3/Y3: approx. 40/40/7.5 m/min Acceleration X1/Z1/Y1: 7/7/7 m/s² Acceleration X3/Z3/Y3: 7/7/7 m/s² Spindle Itsdpfezdqdfex Abfjh Speed at main and counter spindle: 5,000 RPM Power at 100% duty cycle, main spindle: 20 kW Torque at 100% duty cycle: 105 Nm Power at 40% duty cycle: 27 kW Torque at 40% duty cycle: 145 Nm Spindle bore: 65 mm Spindle diameter at front bearing: 110 mm Spindle nose diameter (cylindrical): 140 mm Hydraulic full-stroke cylinder OVS80 - Main spindle Piston stroke: 32 mm Piston area: 34.36 cm² Clamping pressure: 8 to 80 bar Tensile or compressive force at 80 bar: max. 27.2 kN Leakage oil volume at operating pressure 80 bar: max. 2.2 l/min Hydraulic full-stroke cylinder OVS65 - Counter spindle Piston stroke: 32 mm Piston area: 26.1 cm² Clamping pressure: 8 to 100 bar Tensile or compressive force at 100 bar: max. 26.1 kN Leakage oil volume at operating pressure 100 bar: max. 3 l/min Y-axis Slide travel: 120 mm Feed force: 10 kN Rapid traverse: 7.5 m/min Resolution: 0.05 mm Speed of driven tools: 6,000 RPM MACHINE DETAILS Control system: Siemens SINUMERIK Unloading device Swivel angle: 90 degrees Swivel time: 2 s Slide travel: 100 mm Rapid traverse speed: 6 m/min Workpiece weight: approx. 10 kg Workpiece diameter: 200 mm Electrical data Rated power: 45 kW Apparent power: 53 kVA Rated current: 76 A Voltage: 400 V Frequency: 50/60 Hz Dimensions and weight Dimensions with chip conveyor (L x W x H): 2,770 x 4,435 x 2,750 mm Weight: approx. 11,000 kg EQUIPMENT Two tool holders with 12 tool positions each, VDI 30 Note: Further technical data can be found in the attached data sheet. The machine is not equipped with a B-axis.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2006, INDEX MS52C CNC Multi-Spindle Mfd. 2006 Control: Siemens 840D 6 Spindles 52mm Capacity Equipped as pictured Under power Knoll System Chip Conveyor Riedel Chiller 3.6 meter (12ft) IEMCA SIR Bar Feed SIR MS52/F Type 38 XL Mfd. 2005 Itsdpfjt Rkzwjx Abfeh

Condition: good (used), Tool package 23 pieces various driven and rigid tool holders VDI 30 Itjdpfxsiludzo Abfsh were mounted on Index C 200

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2012, operating hours: 75,685 h, spindle speed (max.): 6,000 rpm, travel distance X-axis: 85 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 280 mm, spindle motor power: 20,000 W, number of axes: 7, This 7-axis Index ABC horizontal turning machine was manufactured in 2012. It features a main spindle with a maximum speed of 6000 rpm and a sub spindle with a speed of 4500 rpm. The machine includes two turrets, each equipped with X and Z axes, and a powerful tool drive. If you are looking to get high-quality turning capabilities, consider the Index ABC machine we have for sale. Contact us for further details. • Main spindle: D65, spindle interface AD140, ID83, max speed 6000 rpm; max power 20 kW at 100% duty cycle; C-axis; electronic synchronization between spindles • Sub spindle: 7.5" chuck interface, max speed 4500 rpm • Spindle hours: • S1 – 18914h • S2 – 661h • S3 – 3h • S4 – 29211h • S5 – 2413h • S7 – 1250h • Chuck: 3-jaw KFN95/3, clamping force 480 daN, max 4000 rpm • Turrets: two turrets each with X and Z axis; tool drive on turret 6000 rpm, 3.3 kW Itjdpfx Abjy Sg Dajfjh • Rear working attachment: without quill, 5 quill positions • Coolant: 80 l/min at 8 bar and 20 l/min at 18 bar; system prepared for emulsion; coolant return at spindle end D60 (without bar feed) • Control: INDEX C200-4D based on Siemens 840D; color display 26 cm; thread cutting without compensating chuck; motor-current-based tool monitoring; internal tool management and setup dialog; extended machining cycles; parts counter and production monitoring • Power/connection data: 400 V, 50 Hz TN network; total connected load 45 kVA; rated power 38 kW; rated current 65 A; max fuse protection 100 A • Hydraulic hollow clamping cylinder D65 Additional equipment • Chip conveyor: hinged belt, discharge height 1250 mm • Bar feeder: MBL 65/3700 for spindle height 1010 mm; bar diameters up to 65 mm; bar feeder length 3700 mm; guide channel system with rolling bearings; loading rods (Ø12 mm and Ø20 mm, length 1400 mm); guide sets for 14–18 mm, 18–22 mm, 22–65 mm • Workpiece unloading device for main and sub spindle with part catcher • Teleservice preparation (ISDN) with software • Machine prepared for extraction system 230 V • Working area light • Two electrical cabinet cooling units • Transformer 3 kVA Technical Specification Counter Spindle Yes Driven Tools Yes

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2011, INDEX MS22-6 Mfd. 2011 Iedpfx Ajy Ihk Hobfsth IEMCA SIR Loader Knoll System Equipped as pictured

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2017, INDEX C200 Mfd. 2017 Tooling in photos to be divided between 3 C200 machines available. Power-on hours: ~49,960 h Hydraulic hours: ~48,700 h Main spindle hours: ~24,800 h Counter spindle hours: ~24,000 h Stroke mm 20 Isdpsy Um Rrofx Abfsth Clamping pressure min.Max. bar 8/80 Piston Area pressure cm^2 57 Area piston thrust cm^2 57 pressure Force Max. CN 45,6 Tensile force Max. CN 45,6 10350989 1 INDEX C200 CNC-turning machine with 3 revolvers with Siemens-Based Index C200 control system SINUMERIK 840D SolutionLine - Rigid cast iron bed, perpendicular angle to the ground, excellent gradient chips - The kinematics of tool head movements guarantees maximum damping, reducing tool wear - Patented plate supports with excellent properties damping and stiffness The motion of the X-axis is derived through kinematics. "double scissors" guaranteeing high dynamics - Thermosymmetric spindle Control system Index C200 Identical to SIEMENS SINUMERIK 840d SolutionLine - Modular multiprocessor control system, SINAMICS with 120 drives - Siemens Operate control box, display in language Germany - language switching WINDOWS and flat screen - 2x USB 2.0 connection on the control panel, 2x USB connection on the control panel - NCU 720.3 B PN NCK - Integrated PLC 317-3 PNDP and ET200S - Security features implemented in software through SIEMENS Safety-Integrated and ProfiSave Extended machining cycles consisting of: Einstechzyklus Freistechzyklus Gewindestrehlen with 4 point move Lighting work. space in LED design 1 flat color TFT screen, 18.5" PCT-Touch IP65 front panel 10142338 1 Main spindle dia 65 Spindle end AD140mm, ID 85mm Material passage Max. mm 65 Speed max. 1 / min 5000 Front bearing diameter mm 110 Power 100% / 40% kW 31,5/32 Torque Max. 100%/40% Nm 125/170 Continuously synchronous variable speed drives Main spindle with hollow clamping cylinder D65/20 for pincer clamping or Chuck clamping Hydraulic control with clamp metering C axis of main spindle Drive: hollow spindle motor clamping cylinder, metering system directly on the spindle Resolution 0.00014 degrees Positionsstreubreite (VDI/DGQ 3441) Psmax = 0.01 degree 11040430 pressure clamping device Clamping pressure 8-75 bar adjustable For anti-spindle clamping cylinder 10038475 1 tool carrier 1 X-axis work vehicle mm 110 X-axis quick shift m / min 30 X-axis acceleration m / s^2 9 X-axis shear force N 5000 Z-axis work vehicle mm 320 Z-axis quick feed m / min 50 Z-axis acceleration m / s^2 9 Z-axis shear force N 5000 Y-axis working vehicle mm 100 Y-axis quick feed m / min 15 Y-axis acceleration m / s^2 9 Y-axis shear force N 5000 Offer: 1702114 - 02 / 30.3.2017 CNC-lathe INDEX C200 (GP3790. 0000F) Revolver 1: 14 stations with cylindrical shank clamping D25x48 (DIN 69880), W-grooves on the revolver-higher repeated accuracy when replacing the tool. Centering plate set, V-strips, not content of delivery, must be ordered separately. Gearshift revolver AC motor, hydraulic locking A driven tool is possible in each station of the revolver 1 . Power 25% kW 10 Torque 25% Nm 16 Speed max. 1 / min 8000 10720950 1 tool carrier 2 X-axis working vehicle mm 110 X-axis quick shift m / min 30 X-axis acceleration m / s^2 9 X-axis shear force N 5000

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2024, INDEX MS22-8 Mfd. 2024 2 NCU (4) Y-Axis SL Control Cutting hours: 1,000 Turnkey Available Located in Europe 4-Meter IEMCA SIR MS22-8/43/P Rack loader 50 Hz D9-13-19-25 Bar length 4300 mm with drilling unit and minimum quantity lubrication unit additional end-of-bar sensor Bar stock 500mm (D12-D24) Bar stock 340 mm (D5-D11). Additional storage chain for 22 bars with Profinet interface. 1 11007253 (21711) 1 set (8 pieces) bar stock pushers, external clamping for bar stock diameters D7-D10 mm, internal clamping for bar stock diameters D13-D18 mm, consisting of: 8 bar stock pushers D12 8 rotating sleeves D12 1 10287026 (21712) 1 set (8 pieces) bar stock pushers, external clamping for bar stock diameters D11-D16 mm, internal clamping for bar stock diameters D19-D24 mm, consisting of: 8 bar stock pushers D18 8 rotating sleeves D18 1 10536056 (21713) 1 set (8 pieces) bar stock pushers for bar diameters D17 mm-D22 mm, consisting of: 8 bar stock pushers D23 8 rotating sleeves D23 1 10414481 (21702) 1 set (8 pcs.) of internal clamping sleeves D12mm for bar diameters D13 mm - D18 mm Drill diameter D8 mm. 1 10472413 (21704) 1 set (8 pcs.) of external stops D12 mm for bar diameters D13 mm - D18 mm pre-machined. 1 10264327 (21703) 1 set (8 pcs.) of internal clamping sleeves D18mm for bar diameters D19 mm - D24 mm Drill diameter D15mm. 1 10058206 (21705) 1 set (8 pcs.) of external stops D18 mm for bar diameter D19 mm - D24 mm pre-machined. 1 12123486 Iedpfx Aoxnrtcebfsth Drill for drilling unit consisting of: 1 indexable insert drill D 15 mm 10 indexable inserts for steel 2 solid carbide drills D 8 mm

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2017, Mfd. 2017 Configuration: 2-Synchron (Dual Counter-Spindle) Production Hours: 20,000 Overview Well-equipped and maintained INDEX Werke MS22-6 configured for high-precision production, including medical components. This machine features a robust Siemens control platform, dual counter-spindles, and extensive automation for efficient, lights-out capable operation. Control & Technology Itodpfx Aboy Abc Eofjh • Siemens 840D SL CNC control • Dual NCU (Numerical Control Units) • TRANSMIT / TRACYL functions • ARTIS tool monitoring system • 2 additional electronic shaft preparations Configuration & Equipment • 6 main spindles • 2 SCARA counter-spindles • 2 parts catchers with conveyor belt • Bar scrap recuperator • INDEX bar guide system • IEMCA PRA bar loader • Bar feeder interface • Fire protection system Capacity & Performance • Max. bar diameter: 22 mm • Spindle speed: 10,000 rpm • Spindle power: 8.7 / 15 kW • Torque: 10 / 18 Nm Axes & Travels • Total slides: 10 • Main slides travel (X/Z): 62 / 85 mm • Counter-operation slides: 2 • Counter slide travel (X): 62 mm Additional Specifications • Number of counter-spindles: 2 • Counter-spindle speed: 10,000 rpm • Machine dimensions (L x W x H): 3330 x 1830 x 2860 mm • Weight: 5,700 kg • Connected load: 75 kVA Applications • High-precision medical components • Complex turned parts requiring multi-operation efficiency • Ideal for high-volume production environments

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1995, turning diameter 250 mm turning length 750 mm control Siemens type 840 c spindle passage 65 mm Itedpfszfqhyox Abfsh Tool changer 2 live tooling 2x Revoler weight of the machine ca. 7 t Main and counter spindle 3-jaw chuck with numerous jaws Hainbuch collets Many tool holders Various driven tools Bar loader "Index MBL" Chip conveyor with coolant unit Complete set of spindle reducers etc. see photo The tech. Data are manufacturer or operator information and therefore non- binding. We reserve the right to prior sale; Our terms and conditions of sale apply exclusively. About us More than 400 of our own machines in stock Over 15,000 m² of storage space, 70 t crane capacity More than 10,000 items and accessories for your workshop If you are interested in selling machines, production lines, or your business, please contact us. You can find further offers on our website. Tours are possible by appointment. We look forward to your visit. Your Markus Hirsch Team

Condition: new, Backworking applied for MS52 pos. 6.4 / 6.5 Ijdpfxjp S Sabs Abfoth

Condition: new, Index MS32 DRIVE Z-NC SPK1 Item ID: GM2602.1551 Ball Screw Ijdpfx Ajwb Evmebfsth Item ID: 10912112 Previous Item ID: GM2602.1551 From stock/wear - Offer as shown in pictures -

Condition: new, Index Traub MS32 hydraulic pump PLP20.14D0-82E2-LEB/EA-N-EL-FS Casappa Storage traces Itjdpfx Aswcq Tyobfeh

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2015, Technical details: number of spindles: 6 spindle passage: 22 mm ?Bar feeder complete is 4.70 meters - for 3 meters of material ?The machine is still on ?Materail to be processed on the machine: Steel ?Production with OIL Machine has only Single-NCU without PCU. The complete energy supply of all 6 main spindles was replaced in April 25. No socket for powered tools! Itodpoxc Idmefx Abfeh *

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2012, spindle speed (max.): 7,000 rpm, travel distance X-axis: 70 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 70 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 250 mm, spindle motor power: 22,000 W, controller manufacturer: INDEX, controller model: C200-4D Control, number of axes: 9, This 9-axis Index C100 was manufactured in 2012. It features a robust cast iron machine frame and a powerful main spindle with a maximum speed of 7000 rpm and a bar diameter of 42 mm. The machine includes three turrets with live tools, offering versatile machining capabilities. If you are looking to get high-quality turning capabilities, consider the Index C100 horizontal turning machine we have for sale. Contact us for further details regarding this machine. - Machine Frame: Cast iron machine frame in vertical bed design- Tool Carrier Guides: Plate guides with high level of rigidity and dampening- Axis Drives: Double-scissor kinematics for tool carriers; AC synchronous drive technology- Headstock Design: Thermo-symmetrical design- Main Spindle (D42): Spindle head size 5 (DIN 55026 and ISO 702), max. bar diameter 42 mm, max. speed 7000 rpm, front bearing diameter 75 mm- Main Spindle Power: 22/29 kW (at 100%/40% duty cycle)- Main Spindle Torque: 50/65 Nm (at 100%/40% max.)- Main Spindle Clamping Cylinder: Hollow clamping cylinder D42/14 for collet or chuck clamping, hydraulic operation, stroke 12 mm, clamping pressure 8/80 bar, max. thrust 34 kN, max. pull 34 kN- C-Axis Drive (Main & Counter Spindle): Hollow shaft motor, angular gauging system on spindle, resolution 0.00014 degrees, repeatability scatter Psmax = 0.01 degrees- Main Spindle Clamping Unit: Single pressure clamping unit, adjustable from 8 to 75 bar- Counter Spindle (D42): Spindle head size 5 (DIN 55026 and ISO 702), max. bar diameter 42 mm, max. speed 7000 rpm, collet chuck diameter 110 mm, front bearing diameter 75 mm- Counter Spindle Power: 16.5/19 kW (at 100%/40% duty cycle)- Counter Spindle Torque: 32/43 Nm (at 100%/40% max.)- Counter Spindle Slides (Z-axis): AC motor and ball screws drive, working travel 500 mm, rapid traverse 60 m/min, acceleration 10 m/s^2, feed thrust 3000 N- Counter Spindle Clamping Cylinder: Hollow clamping cylinder D42/14, hydraulic operation, stroke 12 mm, clamping pressure 8/80 bar, max. thrust 34 kN, max. pull 34 kN- Counter Spindle Clamping Device: Single pressure clamping device, adjustable from 8 to 75 bar- Tool Carrier 1: X-axis travel 70 mm (rapid 30 m/min, acc. 9 m/s^2, feed force 3000 N); Z-axis travel 250 mm (rapid 60 m/min, acc. 9 m/s^2, feed force 3000 N); Y-axis travel 70 mm (rapid 15 m/min, acc. 5 m/s^2, feed force 3000 N). Turret 1 with 10 stations, parallel shank mountings D25x48 (DIN 69880), live tools on all stations (Power 4.2 kW, Torque 11 Nm, max. speed 8000 rpm)- Tool Carrier 2: X-axis travel 70 mm (rapid 30 m/min, acc. 9 m/s^2, feed force 3000 N); Z-axis travel 400 mm (rapid 60 m/min, acc. 9 m/s^2, feed force 3000 N); Y-axis travel 70 mm (rapid 15 m/min, acc. 5 m/s^2, feed force 3000 N). Turret 2 with 10 stations, parallel shank mountings D25x48 (DIN 69880), live tools on all stations (Power 4.2 kW, Torque 11 Nm, max. speed 8000 rpm)- Tool Carrier 3: X-axis travel 125 mm (rapid 30 m/min, acc. 10 m/s^2, feed force 3000 N). Turret 3 with 10 stations, parallel shank mountings D25x48 (DIN 69880), live tools on all stations (Power 4.2 kW, Torque 11 Nm, max. Ijdpfx Ajzcykgebfeth

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2009, operating hours: 28,742 h, functionality: fully functional, bar passage: 65 mm, FANUC Series 31i-Model A 3 turrets Parts conveyor Magazine Further details on request Ijdpfeydmbuox Abfoth

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2007, functionality: fully functional, 6-spindle Hainbuch Spanntop Axfix D22 ARTIS integrated process monitoring system Slide units - Slide unit 1.1: X-axis fixed, Z-axis NC-controlled - Slide unit 2.1: X-axis fixed, Z-axis NC-controlled - Slide unit 1.2: X-axis and Z-axis NC-controlled - Slide unit 2.2: X-axis and Z-axis NC-controlled - Slide unit 3.1: X-axis and Z-axis NC-controlled - Slide unit 3.2: X-axis and Z-axis NC-controlled - Slide unit 4.1: X-axis and Z-axis NC-controlled - Slide unit 4.2: X-axis and Z-axis NC-controlled - Slide unit 5.1: X-axis and Z-axis NC-controlled Iodpfoyymbzex Abfoth - Slide unit 5.2: X-axis and Z-axis NC-controlled - Slide unit 6.1: swiveling axis and Z-axis NC-controlled - Slide unit 6.2: X-axis and Z-axis NC-controlled Synchronization device, position 6.1 Part discharge via chute Workpiece conveyor belt at spindle position 6 High-pressure pump Fire extinguishing system Coolant cleaning system Hinged belt chip conveyor Flat loading magazine: IEMCA SIR MS 22/33 P

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1997, functionality: fully functional, Siemens control system, Itedpfx Aozcxk Eobfsh spindle bore 65 mm, two turrets, live tooling spindle, Hainbuch collet chuck, MBL bar loader laser, chip conveyor.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2013, functionality: fully functional, Siemens control system, 14-position turret, tool holder VDI30, powered tools, spindle bore 65mm, bar feed MBF, chip conveyor. Itsdszcxi Ispfx Abfjh The machine was completely overhauled in 2013.