Used Gildemeister Ctx 500 E for sale (247)

Year of construction: 2003, condition: ready for operation (used), Swing diameter over bed/cross slide: 320mm/150mm, center height: 160mm, distance between centers: 750mm, max. turning length: 740mm, travel X/Z: 185mm/700mm, chuck diameter: 200mm, speed: 4000rpm, rapid traverse X/Z: 5m/10m/min, tool stations: 8, tailstock quill stroke: 120mm, tailstock quill diameter: 60mm, machine dimensions X/Y/Z: approx. 2300mm/1500mm/1700mm, weight: approx. 2000kg, control: Heidenhain. Documentation available. An on-site inspection is possible. Gkedpfxozdum Dj Ah Eod

Condition: not inspected (used), Year of construction: 2001, operating hours: 31,782 h, functionality: unexamined, overall weight: 5,500 kg, Without tools Gsdszbqg Nspfx Ah Eekd

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2003, turning diameter 500 mm turning length 1000 mm control Heidenhain Gkodpfx Ahezc Ryrj Ejd weight of the machine ca. 3200 kg t

Condition: used, CNC lathe GILDEMEISTER SPRINT 42 Linear Gkodpfx Aoz I Uutoh Eed

Year of construction: 1999, condition: ready for operation (used), Fresh oil lubrication capacity: approx. 3l, voltage: 400V, frequency: 50Hz, fuse protection (slow-blow) according to VDE 0100: 80A, permissible voltage fluctuation at 400V: ±10%, connected load: 44kVA, length: 3210mm, width: 1750mm, height: 1750mm, weight: approx. 4.6t, with chip conveyor. An on-site inspection is possible. Godpfx Aheza E Sqe Eskd

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1996, Description: For sale is a Gildemeister NEF Plus 710 lathe, year of manufacture 1996, in operational condition and ready for immediate use. The machine has been regularly maintained and is in good condition. Ideally suited for precision turning of metal and plastic components. General technical specifications of the Gildemeister NEF Plus 710 (Year: 1996) Technical Data: Machine type: CNC lathe Model: NEF Plus 710 Year of manufacture: 1996 Control: Siemens 810T (or comparable) Workpiece diameter: max. 710 mm Turning diameter: max. 710 mm Turning length (range): up to approx. 1000 mm Spindle speed: 30 – 2,500 rpm Drive power: 15–22 kW (depending on version) Gjdpfx Ahjygdgas Eskd Spindle mount: A2-6 Cooling: Integrated coolant system Included: Tool holder (VDI), standard equipment Special Features: Operational condition: The machine is fully functional and ready for use. Location: Collection in Langenfeld (NRW), Germany. Price: €13,500 plus VAT. The lathe is perfectly suited for all types of CNC turning applications and offers excellent cost-effectiveness for workshops and manufacturing companies. Contact: Please send a message for further information or to arrange a viewing appointment. Important information: All information is subject to change, prior sale, errors, and availability. Technical data and all provided information are non-binding and for guidance only. Contact: If interested or to arrange a viewing, please send a message or schedule an appointment. Disclaimer: The item is sold as described. Returns, guarantee, and warranty are excluded. The buyer agrees that the item is purchased "as seen" and without any right of return. No liability is accepted for the accuracy of the information provided in the text or photos. By purchasing this item, you agree to the above terms and conditions.

Year of construction: 2008, condition: ready for operation (used), Main spindle: max. bar capacity: 65mm, draw tube bore: 75mm, collet holder diameter: 160mm, centering chuck diameter: 175mm, spindle nose: 140mm, max. speed: 5000/min, nominal torque (S1): 150Nm, nominal power (S1): 22kW. Counter spindle: draw tube bore: 45mm, centering chuck diameter: 175mm, spindle nose: 140mm, max. speed: 5000/min, nominal torque (S1): 100Nm, nominal power (S1): 16.8kW. W2 axis counter spindle: travel: 690mm, max. speed: 30m/min, max. acceleration: 5m/s², nominal thrust (S1): 5000N. X1 axis: travel: 165mm, max. speed: 30m/min, max. acceleration: 5m/s², nominal thrust (S1): 5000N. Z1 axis: travel: 220mm, max. speed: 30m/min, max. acceleration: 5m/s², nominal thrust (S1): 5000N. X2 axis: travel: 165mm, max. speed: 30m/min, max. acceleration: 5m/s², nominal thrust (S1): 5000N. Z2 axis: travel: 150mm, max. speed: 30m/min, max. acceleration: 5m/s², nominal thrust (S1): 5000N. X3 axis: travel: 165mm, max. speed: 40m/min, max. acceleration: 10m/s², nominal thrust (S1): 2400N. Z3 axis: travel: 678mm, max. speed: 30m/min, max. acceleration: 5m/s², nominal thrust (S1): 5000N. Y3 axis: travel: 80mm (+50/-30), max. speed: 30m/min, max. acceleration: 5m/s², nominal thrust (S1): 5000N. Workpiece unloading (UA-WA): max. unloading weight: 4daN, max. unloading diameter: 70mm. Total number of tool stations: 12, tool holder diameter: 30mm, driven positions: 12, max. speed of driven tools: 4000/min, nominal torque (S1-n = 0/min): 17Nm, nominal power (S1-n = 4000/min): 2.9kW, control: Siemens 840D, operator panel: ErgoLine, screen: color TFT 19 inch, number of spindles (C-axes): 2, number of axes: 10, number of channels: 4. Operating hours: 70,035h power on, 48,657h in production, machine operates with cutting oil. With documentation and Bar Loader FMB Turbo 8-80 XT 3200. An on-site inspection is possible. Gsdoyln Ekepfx Ah Eskd

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2010, Max. workpiece diameter: 25mm, max. workpiece length: 100mm, max. bar diameter: 25mm, max. stroke X/Z: 42mm/50mm, rapid traverse: 40m/min, number of spindles: 6, speed: 12000rpm, control: Siemens 840D Powerline. Gkodpstqfq Uefx Ah Ejd

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2005, turning diameter 640 mm turning length 1.185 mm control SINUMERIK 840D swing diameter 640 mm distance of spindle heads 1500 mm slide I: X1 / Y1 / Z1 / B slide travel X-axis 550 mm slide travel Z-axis 180 mm Z- Travel 1.185 mm B - axis 240 ° feed x-axis 0 - 40.000 mm/min feed y- axis 1 - 24.000 mm/min Feed z- axis 1 - 70.000 mm/min feed B-axis 1 - 20 1/min rapid traverse X/Y/Z 40 / 24 / 70 m/min feed capacity X/Y/Z S6: 7,00/11,00/7,50 kN tool taper HSK 63 turning speed milling-spindle 10 - 12.000 1/min power capacity at 100 % load 13,20 kW power capacity at 40 % load 22,00 kW torque milling spindle 60 / 100 Nm no. of workpieces in the magazine 46 Stück tool length - max. 350 / 200 mm tool diameter 80 mm wotkpiece diameter with 2 vacant positions 120 mm weight of tools max. 6 / 10 kg slide II: X2 / Z2 slide travel X-axis 180 mm Z- Travel 1.050 mm feed x-axis 1 - 24.000 mm/min Feed z- axis 1 - 36.000 mm/min Gkedpfxjydfllj Ah Ejd rapid traverse x + z axis 24 / 36 m/min feeding force S6: 11,00/9,00 kN turret (x-stations) 12 tool taper DIN 69880 Ø40 Driven tools - quantity 12 Driven tool turning speed 1 - 4.000 1/min power capacity at 100 % load 10,70 kW torque S1: 32 Nm Slide III - longitudial travel Z3 mm Z- Travel 1.150 mm Feed z- axis 1 - 36.000 mm/min rapid traverse Z-axis 36,00 m/min feed capacity Z - axes S6: 13,00 Nm Main spindle ISM90 turning speed main-spindle 10 - 4.000 1/min power capacity at 100 % load 36,00 kW power capacity at 40 % load 45,00 kW max. torque at 40% / 100% load 800 / 630 Nm spindle bore 80 mm turning speed opposed-spindle 10 - 5.000 1/min power capacity at 100 % load 21,00 kW power capacity at 40 % load 28,00 KW max. torque at 40% / 100% load 320 / 240 Nm spindle bore 80 mm total power requirement 70,00 kW weight of the machine ca. 20,00 t dimensions of the machine ca. 8,50 x 4,50 x H3,10 m Machine with SIEMENS SINUMERIK 840D control, main- and counter-spindle, chip conveyor, dust exhauster, DMG-automation WH10top. Main-spindle ISM90: hollow clamping device, C-axis, 3-jaw hydraulic chuck SMW-AUTOBLOK KNCS-NB-315-91 Counter-spindle ISM76: closed center clamping device, C-axis, 3-jaw hydraulic chuck SMW-AUTOBLOK KNCS-NB-315-91 Pick-up device with integrated conveyor belt, automatic protective cover, differential pressure clamps. Incl. pump-frame for coolant - Pump 1: 17 l/min at 80bar - Pump 2: 20 l/min at 8bar - Pump 3: 40 l/min at 20bar Without coolant unit. Was connected to a central coolant-system. Accessories: Hainbuch collet chuck incl. collets Ø30,45,50,55,60,65,72,82,85,90 1 piece workpiece pick-up-gripper for turret

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2003, Lathe DMG Type NEF 320 K Condition: Used Year of Manufacture: 2003 Control: SINUMERIK 810DE-L CCUO Cycles for taper turning and thread cutting Technical Data Swing over bed: 320 mm Swing over cross slide: 150 mm Chuck: 200 mm Cross travel: 150 mm Feed drive AC: 4 m/min Main spindle: Size 6 Spindle bore: 52 mm Spindle mounting: MK 6 Spindle front bearing diameter: 85 mm Drive power: 7 kW Max. torque: 320 Nm Speed range: 14 - 3550 rpm Gear stages: 2 Tool post: Multifix size B Godeyrggmjpfx Ah Eskd Quill: 70 mm Quill stroke: 120 mm Quill mounting: MK5 Dimensions Length / Width: 2600 mm / 1440 mm Weight: approx. 1440 kg

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1991, travel distance X-axis: 212 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 640 mm, number of axes: 2, Horizontal turning machine manufactured in 1991. This Gildemeister CTX 400 features a reliable EPL 2 control system, ensuring efficient operation. If you are looking to get high-quality turning capabilities, consider the Gildemeister CTX 400 machine we have for sale. Contact us for further details. - Manufacturer: Gildemeister- Model: CTX 400- Year of Manufacture: 1991- Condition: Good / Fully functional- Control System: EPL 2 Technical Specification Gksdpfxozb Ewco Ah Eod Counter Spindle No Driven Tools No

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2003, turning length: 1,505 mm, Turning-milling center GILDEMEISTER GMX 400 linear with Y-axis and milling spindle Year of manufacture: 2003 Control system: Sinumerik Powerline Technical data: Drive power main spindle ISM 90: 36/45 kW (100/40%) Main spindle speed: Main spindle torque: Bar diameter: 90 mm Number of magazine slots: 120 pcs. Tool holder for milling spindle: HSK 63 Drive power counter spindle ISM 90: 36/45 kW (100/40%) Gkedpswzbq Tsfx Ah Esd Counter spindle speed: Counter spindle torque: Bar diameter: 90 mm B-axis / milling spindle: Drive power: Speed: Torque: Tool holder: HSK 63 Y-axis: +/- 110 B-axis: +/- 120° Lower turret: X-axis: Z-axis: Speed of driven tools: Number of turret slots: 12 pcs. Tool holder: VDI 40 Accessories: - Chip conveyor - High-pressure system with 20 bar - Preparation for 3D measuring probe - Tailstock function for counter spindle - Automatic sliding doors

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2003, turning diameter 320 mm turning length 750 mm Gkjdpfoyutucex Ah Esd control Siemens type 810DL CCUO turning diameter over slide rest 150 mm cross movement 185 mm spindle passage 52 mm turning speeds 14-3550 U/min transmission ratio 2 quill stroke 120 mm rapid traverse 6 m/min main drive motor 7 kW 3-jaw-chuck diameter 200 mm total power requirement 10 kW weight of the machine ca. 2 t dimensions of the machine ca. 2,6x1,44x1,44 m 8950 turning hours The tech. Data are manufacturer or operator information and therefore non- binding. We reserve the right to prior sale; Our terms and conditions of sale apply exclusively. About us More than 400 of our own machines in stock Over 15,000 m² of storage space, 70 t crane capacity More than 10,000 items and accessories for your workshop If you are interested in selling machines, production lines, or your business, please contact us. You can find further offers on our website. Tours are possible by appointment. We look forward to your visit. Your Markus Hirsch Team

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1984, functionality: fully functional, Swing diameter over bed: 560 mm Swing diameter over cross slide: 250 mm Gksdpfxevn Rlzo Ah Esd Spindle bore: 65.3 mm Max. power: 15 kW Speeds: 11.2 - 2,240 rpm Distance between centers: 1,000 mm Quill diameter: 80 mm Quill taper: MT 5 Including chip conveyor Including complete documentation Immediately available from stock

Year of construction: 1982, condition: ready for operation (used), A CNC lathe Gildemeister including a chip conveyor and a Forkat chuck is available. 1) Gildemeister NEF CT 60, year of manufacture: approx. 1982, distance between centers: 1000mm, turning length: 1000mm, max. turning diameter: 460mm, center height: 300mm, bed width: 450mm, spindle bore: 107mm, speed: 3015rpm, tool stations: 12, quill diameter: 100mm, quill stroke: 180mm, machine dimensions X/Y/Z: approx. 5400mm/2100mm/2000mm, weight: approx. 7000kg. 2) Chip conveyor Allweiler GB 30L 38L. Without Filter. Documentation available. An on-site inspection is possible. Godpoydp Azefx Ah Eskd

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2001, turning diameter . mm turning length . mm control . type . CCUO turning diameter over slide rest . mm cross movement . mm spindle passage . mm turning speeds . U/min transmission ratio . quill stroke . mm rapid traverse . m/min main drive motor . kW 3-jaw-chuck diameter . mm total power requirement . kW weight of the machine ca. . t dimensions of the machine ca. . m The tech. Data are manufacturer or operator information and therefore non- binding. We reserve the right to prior sale; Our terms and conditions of sale apply exclusively. About us More Gksdoyqwb Ejpfx Ah Ejd than 400 of our own machines in stock Over 15,000 m² of storage space, 70 t crane capacity More than 10,000 items and accessories for your workshop If you are interested in selling machines, production lines, or your business, please contact us. You can find further offers on our website. Tours are possible by appointment. We look forward to your visit. Your Markus Hirsch Team

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2001, turning diameter 320 mm turning length 750 mm control Heidenhain Manual Plus Number of working hours 18632 h longitudinal slide -travel 8/5000 mm face slide travel 8/5000 mm/min rapid travel - longitudinal/face 8-10 m/min power feed longitudinal 6000 N power feed coss 3000 N weight of the machine ca. 2 t dimensions of the machine ca. 2,6x1,44x1,44 m Working Area: - Center height — 160 mm - Center distance — 750 mm - Max. swivel diameter over bed — 320 mm - Max. swivel diameter over cross slide — 150 mm Work Spindle: - Spindle head DIN — 55027 - Size — 6 - Internal taper — MK6 - Spindle diameter at front bearing — 85 mm - Spindle bore — 52 mm - Max. chuck diameter — 200 mm Godpszp Rw Aofx Ah Eekd - Max. torque — 420 Nm Support: - Tooling system — Multifix - Tool cross-section — Size B - Number of bed slides — 1 - Number of cross slides — 2 - Longitudinal stroke — 700 mm - Cross slide travel — 185 mm Tailstock: - Quill taper — MK5 - Quill diameter — 70 mm - Max. quill travel (manual / automatic) — 120 / 8 mm --> Footprint — 2540 mm × 1690 mm

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2001, turning diameter 320 mm turning length . mm control Siemens type . CCUO turning diameter over slide rest . mm cross movement . mm spindle passage . mm turning speeds . U/min transmission ratio . quill stroke . mm rapid traverse . m/min main drive motor . kW 3-jaw-chuck diameter . mm total power requirement . kW weight of the machine ca. . t Gsdpfx Aheyqtdis Eskd dimensions of the machine ca. . m The tech. Data are manufacturer or operator information and therefore non- binding. We reserve the right to prior sale; Our terms and conditions of sale apply exclusively. About us More than 400 of our own machines in stock Over 15,000 m² of storage space, 70 t crane capacity More than 10,000 items and accessories for your workshop If you are interested in selling machines, production lines, or your business, please contact us. You can find further offers on our website. Tours are possible by appointment. We look forward to your visit. Your Markus Hirsch Team

Condition: used, turning diameter over cross slide: 185 mm, turning length: 250 mm, turning diameter: 280 mm, spindle bore: 50 mm, spindle speed (min.): 6,000 rpm, travel distance X-axis: 180 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 285 mm, total height: 1,730 mm, total length: 2,180 mm, total width: 1,610 mm, overall weight: 3,000 kg, General Application: The Gildemeister CT 20 is primarily used in precision machining, especially for the production of complex components in industries such as the automotive industry, aerospace, and general mechanical engineering. Due to its capabilities, it is suitable for tasks that require high accuracy and efficiency in turning operations. Gkedpfx Ahozi Uqgo Ejd Advantages: - The compact design allows for efficient use of space in manufacturing environments. - The high spindle speed of 6000 rpm enables fast machining and reduces cycle times. - The versatile turret with 12 tools and 8 rotating tools increases productivity, as multiple machining operations can be performed without tool changes. - The robust spindle motor power of 7.5 kW ensures consistent performance even under heavy workloads. - The precise machine travels in the X and Z axes facilitate complex machining operations and contribute to high-quality production. Buffer battery is low, machine data needs to be checked!

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1993, travel distance X-axis: 220 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 635 mm, number of axes: 2, Horizontal turning machine manufactured in 1993. This Gildemeister CTX 400 is in good condition and fully functional, featuring EPL 2 control. It comes with an extraction hose/pipe connected to the side enclosure. If you are looking to get high-quality turning capabilities, consider the Gildemeister CTX 400 machine we have for sale. Contact us for further details. Gjdpfx Ahozb E E Tj Eokd - Manufacturer: Gildemeister- Model: CTX 400- Year of Manufacture: 1993- Condition: Good / Fully functional- Control: EPL 2- Attached Equipment: Extraction hose/pipe visible connected to the side enclosure Technical Specification Counter Spindle No Driven Tools No

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 1995, Maximum center height: 330 mm Maximum distance between centers: 2000 mm Working area: Max. turning diameter over bed cover: 650 mm Max. turning diameter over cross slide: 360 mm Main spindle: Spindle diameter at front bearing: 140 mm Spindle bore: 107 mm Main drive: 58.5 kW 2-stage speed range: 4 – 750 rpm / 750 – 3060 rpm Feed drive: Rapid traverse rate X/Z axis: 10/10 m/min Turret: Number of tool positions: 12 Of which, driven tool positions: 6 Cylindrical shank tool holder: VDI 50 mm Dimensions / Weight: Footprint L x W x H: approx. 6400 x 2150 x 2000 mm Weight: 9400 kg Accessories / Special features: • CNC control system HEIDENHAIN TurnPlus EP 90 with color screen • Spindle orientation C-axis • 12-position turret, VDI 50, of which 6 positions with driven tools, manufacturer SAUTER DIN 5482 B 20x17, max. speed 3000 rpm. • Hydraulic 3-jaw chuck Ø 315 mm with various clamping jaws • Hydraulic steady rest with follower device • Hydraulic quill actuation • Air extraction system, manufacturer LTA • Various tool holders VDI 50 • CE compliant In 08/2025, GILDEMEISTER Service replaced the following parts: 1 servo motor, 1 AC servocontroller inverter power module for 2 axes, 1 power module Simodrive, 1 rectifier/inverter module, 1 control unit for 1 axis, 1 control module for 2 axes inverter servo drive, 1 Simodrive power module (1-axis motor) Total repair costs: 17,000.00 EUR net Godpfxox Sx Hts Ah Ejkd Siegfried Volz Werkzeugmaschinen Rüschebrinkstr. 151-153 DE - 44143 Dortmund - Wambel

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2003, operating hours: 10,975 h, functionality: fully functional, spindle speed (max.): 5,000 rpm, center width: 600 mm, center height: 340 mm, controller model: Siemens Sinumerik 840D SL, TECHNICAL DETAILS Gkodezuwx Djpfx Ah Eod Maximum turning height: 340 mm Turning diameter over bed: 680 mm Turning diameter over slide: 565 mm Distance between centers: 600 mm Spindle bore: 65 mm Spindle speed: 0–5,000 rpm Travel in X-axis: 260 mm Travel in Y-axis: 635 mm MACHINE DETAILS Control system: CNC Controller: Siemens Sinumerik 840D SL Power: 25 kW Dimensions & Weight Dimensions (L x W x H): 4,500 x 2,500 x 2,300 mm Weight: 6,500 kg Operating hours: 10,975 h EQUIPMENT Documentation CE marking CE certificate

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1997, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 315357, turning diameter over cross slide: 420 mm, turning length: 1,000 mm, turning diameter: 600 mm, spindle speed (max.): 3,200 rpm, controller model: Eltropilot Heidenhain, TECHNICAL DETAILS Turning length: 1,000 mm Godoyxmurspfx Ah Eekd Swing diameter over bed cover: 600 mm Swing diameter over cross-slide: 420 mm Travel distance X-axis: 275 mm Travel distance Z-axis: 1,065 mm Main Spindle Speed range: 16 – 3,200 rpm Drive power: 27 kW Max. torque: 800 Nm Spindle diameter at front bearing: 120 mm Spindle bore: 85 mm Chuck diameter: 260 mm Spindle nose: 220H5 Tool Turret Number of tool stations: 12 Tool shank diameter: 40 mm Turret indexing time: 0.8 s Tailstock Quill diameter: 100 mm Quill stroke: 120 mm Tailstock taper: MK 5 Max. quill pressure: 9,500 N Feeds Rapid traverse X-axis: 10 m/min Rapid traverse Z-axis: 15 m/min Feed force X-direction: 5,000 N Feed force Z-direction: 1,000 N MACHINE DETAILS CNC control: Eltropilot Heidenhain Operating voltage: 400 V Frequency: 50 Hz Operating current: 76 A Total power requirement: 52 kVA Dimensions & Weight Floor space required: approx. 5.5 x 2.5 x 2.1 m Machine weight: approx. 7.5 t EQUIPMENT Documentation Chip conveyor Coolant system Tailstock Hydraulic unit Three-jaw chuck (Model: SMW KNCS-N-260-72) Note: An RMS sensor is installed in the machine!

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1985, CNC Lathe GILDEMEISTER Type: N.E.F. 1020 Year 1985 Control EPL 2 Turning diameter over bed : 1020 mm Gjdpsqc Ul Asfx Ah Ejkd Turning diameter over face plates : 600 mm Turning length : 3000 mm Spindle speed : 5 - 1120 rpm Motorl.30 KW Spindle bore : 128 mm Tool turret Parat size : 4 with 10 holders Faceplate : 900 mm, steady rest, drill stand, chip conveyor, complete machine documentation and parameters available. Machine disassembled in stock. Complete weight approx. 12 000 KG. Further data see data sheets .

Condition: reconditioned (used), functionality: fully functional, GILDEMEISTER GS20 LATHE VARIANT 25 MM ELECTRICALLY AND MECHANICALLY REFURBISHED -REFURBISHED PNEUMATIC SECONDARY CHUCK -NEW AIR TREATMENT UNIT AND SOLENOID VALVES -RADIAL AND AXIAL SLIDES IN POS. 1-2-4-5 -WORKPIECE PICK-UP AT POS. 6 Gksdow Sxptjpfx Ah Ejd MECHANICAL OVERHAUL: 1. TURNTABLE OVERHAUL 2. SLIDE OVERHAUL 3. FRONT AND LEVER OVERHAUL 4. SPINDLE OVERHAUL 5. COLLET OPENING/CLOSING SYSTEM OVERHAUL 6. THREAD CUTTING UNIT OVERHAUL ELECTRICAL OVERHAUL: 1. NEW SIEMENS S71200 PLC AND SIEMENS KTP700 PANEL 2. CAM ENCODERS 3. RELAY REPLACEMENT