Used Chiron Mill 2000 Highspeed for sale (16,127)

Condition: used, TECHNICAL DETAILS - Number of axes : 7 MILLING SPINDLE - Tool holder type : HSK40 - Spindle speeds : 30.000 [rpm] LINEAR AXES - Travels on X/Y/Z axes : 450 x 270 x 310 [mm] - Rapid traverses rates (X/Y/Z) : 75 [m/min] B ROTARY AXIS - Travel : -20/+115 [°] - Indexing precision : 0,001 [°] TOOL CHANGER - Auto. Tool Changer type : Parapluie - Tool magazine capacity : 20 A ROTARY AXIS - Max. bar diameter : 32 [mm] - Indexing precision : 0,001 [°] - Travel : 360 [°] POWER SUPPLY - Supply voltage : 400 [V] - Total installed power : 17 [kVA] WEIGHT & DIMENSIONS - Machine floor space : 1.500 x 2.600 [mm] - Machine height : 2.300 [mm] - Machine weight : 5.100 [kg] Nwodpjuhbtqjfx Abwji MACHINE HOURS - Number of working hours : 20.749 [h] EQUIPMENT - CNC : Fanuc 31i-A5 - Interface : USB, PCMCIA, RJ45 - Fire extinguisher * : KRAFT&BAUER FB703 * NB : working order not guaranteed. To have it checked by a qualified organization of the buyer. - Coolant tank - Spindle cooling unit - Oil mist extractor : HIFI FILTER - Tool probe : Renishaw TS27R - Workpiece probe : Renishaw OMP40 - Unit for 6th face machining - Collet chuck : ORTLIEB KSF 30-50 - Tool recognition through RFID scanning : BALLUFF BIS C-650 - Tool-holders : 30

Condition: used, TECHNICAL DETAILS - Number of axes : 7 MILLING SPINDLE - Tool holder type : HSK40 - Spindle speeds : 30000 [rpm] LINEAR AXES - Travels on X/Y/Z axes : 450/270/310 [mm] - Rapid traverses rates (X/Y/Z) : 75 [m/min] B ROTARY AXIS - Travel : -20/+90 [°] - Indexing precision : 0.001 [°] TOOL CHANGER - Auto. Tool Changer type : Parapluie - Tool magazine capacity : 40 TURNING SPINDLE - Spindle speeds : 8000 [rpm] Nwodpfeuhbr Tox Abwji - Max. bar diameter : 32 [mm] - C axis indexing precision : 0.001 [°] - Travel : 360 [°] POWER SUPPLY - Supply voltage : 400 [V] WEIGHT & DIMENSIONS - Machine floor space : 1500X2600 [mm] - Machine height : 2300 [mm] - Machine weight : 2850 [kg] MACHINE HOURS EQUIPMENT - CNC : Siemens 840 D - 3 colors status lamp

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1998, travel distance X-axis: 400 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 400 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 630 mm, controller manufacturer: SIEMENS, table width: 850 mm, table length: 1,250 mm, overall weight: 8,000 kg, spindle speed (max.): 10,500 rpm, number of slots in tool magazine: 24, number of axes: 3, This 3-axis CHIRON DZ 18 W MAGNUM was manufactured in 1998. It features an X-axis travel of 400 mm, Y-axis travel of 400 mm, and Z-axis travel of 630 mm. The machine includes a table size of 1250 × 850 mm and a tool magazine capacity of 24 tools. If you are looking to get high-quality machining capabilities, consider the CHIRON DZ 18 W MAGNUM vertical machining centre we have for sale. Contact us for further details. Nwodpfxozcyh Eo Abwsi - Control System: Siemens CNC- Spindle Taper/Chuck: SK40- Spindle Speed Range: 320 – 10,500 rpm- Tool Magazine Capacity: 2 × 12 slots (24 tools total)- Tool Change Time: approx. 1.9 s- Chip-to-Chip Time: approx. 3.9 s- Retrofit/Overhaul Date: 2021 - Complete modernization: • main spindles overhauled • ball screws replaced • tool changer overhauled, • axis systems/guides/bearings overhauled • hydraulic/pneumatic systems updated • electrical system and cabling modernized • safety elements replaced • geometry adjusted- Cooling System: Internal cooling (IKZ) via Knoll paper band filter and high-pressure unit (Unit Number: 646)- Chip Management: Integrated chip conveyor and swarf bin- Workholding: Hydraulic workpiece clamping on a 180-degree workpiece changing table (W-axis)- Additional Features: Prepared for 4th/5th axis integration, attached cabinet climate control unit

Condition: used, Cutting height ~ 40 mm Length of the rolling table ~ 650 mm cutting width ~ 170 mm Flotjet 2000 Table Format Circular Saw, Model 480003, for precise rip, cross, and angle cuts in small solid wood, panel materials, and plastic. The robust construction, the swiveling table, and the integrated sliding table enable flexible and precise workpiece guidance and high cutting accuracy. Suitable for furniture making, interior finishing, and small-scale manufacturing operations. Nwedpfezcq Ddjx Abwei

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2021, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 270 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 310 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 450 mm, controller manufacturer: Siemens, controller model: 840DSL, spindle speed (max.): 36,000 rpm, Spindle Speed: 36,000 rpm Power: 2.3 kW Tool interface: HSK-E Tool changer: 24 stations Working area Travel in X: 270 mm Travel in Y: 310 mm Travel in Z: 450 mm Rapid traverse (X/Y/Z): 75 m/min C-axis Type: NC rotary table Diameter of rotary table: 245 mm Robot Type: Variocell UNO Nedpfjzgckisx Abwjwi Equipment 5-axis milling package Lasercontrol 40NT Measuring probe Automatic loading and unloading system Variocell UNO

Condition: new, Chiron 1122242 / 562 006 HSK-A63 coupling gripper SN: H308, unused, 100% functional, scope of delivery as per photos. Nedpfoy Np Ipex Abwjwi

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2007, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 550 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 400 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 425 mm, spindle speed (max.): 12,000 rpm, General Refurbished Machine: Manufacturer-tested for functionality Control System: Heidenhain iTNC530 Travel in X: 550 mm Travel in Y: 400 mm Travel in Z: 425 mm Rapid Traverse Rate X/Y/Z: 60 m/min Spindle Speed: 12,000 rpm Power: 28 kW Torque: 180 Nm Tool Holder: SK40 Tool Changer: 20 stations Nodpfx Abjzf Ia Tewswi NC Rotary Table Type: 2-axis swivel unit Rotary Table Diameter: 280 mm Accessories Chip Management: Chip conveyor - scraper belt Workpiece Measurement: Blum measuring probe TS230 Coolant Supply: Coolant system, 30 bar

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2023, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 78 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 56 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 50 mm, General Speed: 60,000 rpm Spindle power: 0.625 kW Torque: 10 Ncm Nwjdezf Hrnjpfx Abwsi Tool holder: HSK-EZ15 Number of tools: 60 Working area Travel in X: 78 mm Travel in Y: 56 mm Travel in Z: 50 mm B-axis: -110° to +110° C-axis: 400 rpm Chip-to-chip time: 3.5 sec Rapid traverse: X/Y/Z 30/30/30 m/min Workpiece changing device Technology: Zero-point clamping system Workpiece changing time: 10 sec Max. table load: 10 kg Equipment Chip management: Chip conveyor Coolant management: Coolant system Tool measurement: WZK length measurement / -break Other: Automation Feed 5 - retrofittable

Condition: as good as new (ex-display), Year of construction: 2024, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 450 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 270 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 310 mm, General: Spindle speed: 15,000 rpm Power: 7.3 kW Tool interface: HSK-A 40 Tool changer: 40 stations Control system: Siemens 840 DsL Working area Travel in X: 450 mm Travel in Y: 270 mm Travel in Z: 310 mm Rapid traverse (X/Y/Z): 75 m/min A-axis Swivel angle: +/- 120° System accuracy: +/- 5" Drive: Torque motor Spindle speed: 100 rpm C-axis Diameter of rotary table: 198 mm System accuracy: +/- 5" Drive: Torque motor Spindle speed: 200 rpm Nwodpfx Ajzf Admebwei Equipment Rotary union: 6-pole, integrated in A and C axes Chip conveyor: Drag chain, discharge height 490 mm, rear

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2004, Technical Details : Year of manufacture: 2004 The mesh max. width: 2200 mm Mesh density: 20 welding heads in arbitrary distribution (40 heads are also possible) Increment: 20mm - up to 200mm Wire thickness: 1.6mm-3.0mm (max 550Nnmm) Energy requirement: 8 kW Nwjdpfxeryv Sis Abwji Weight: approx. 10 tons Drive: digital servo, control (PLC).. Stepless regulation.. Accessories: manual

Condition: good (used), Welding rotary table Protec KT 2000 A Load capacity 2000 Kg Infinitely variable inclination angle 0 to 120 ° with hand and foot remote control Height horizontal 1200mm Height tilted to middle 1000mm Special design welding current transmission 800 Ampere Nodpfx Abjpdqfrjwowi length 1700mm, width 1200mm

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2023, Hammer Mill with electrical box and cyclone filter for sale. The machines has a CE certificate. Nodjxf Nw Hspfx Abwewi Technical parameters: Electric motor power: 45Kw Capacity: 1500-2000kg/hour Machine size: 1750mmx900mmx1550mm. Weight 1300kg. Located Locally in Hungary (EU)

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, travel distance X-axis: 2,000 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 1,500 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 800 mm, 🚀 EMO Show Highlight: VM2000 Gantry Milling Machine 🚀 – Precision. Performance. Immediately Available. Our CNC gantry milling machine VM2000 will be demonstrated live at the upcoming EMO trade fair – giving you the unique opportunity to secure this model directly from the show at a special price! 🔧 Technical Highlights: ✅ Travel range: X 2000 mm / Y 1300 mm / Z 800 mm ✅ Spindle: HSK A63, 15,000 rpm, 38 kW peak power ✅ Table size: 1650 × 1300 mm, load capacity up to 4000 kg ✅ Precision: Positioning accuracy P0.012 mm ✅ 24-position tool changer for maximum flexibility 💡 Perfect for tool & mold making, automotive, and aerospace industries. Further specifications attached and below: Category Value Control FANUC 0i MF Plus X-axis travel 2000 mm Y-axis travel 1300 mm Z-axis travel 800 mm Spindle nose to table 235–1035 mm Column distance / max. workpiece height 1820 / 1000 mm Table size (L×W) 1650 × 1300 mm Max. table load 4000 kg T-slots (width × pitch × qty.) 22 × 180 × 7 mm Spindle taper HSK A63 Max. spindle speed 15000 rpm Spindle power (cont./max.) 15 / 38 kW Max. spindle torque (cont./max.) 70 / 149 Nm Rapid traverse X/Y/Z 20000 / 20000 / 12000 mm/min Feed rate X/Y/Z 1–10000 mm/min Motor power X/Y/Z 4 / 9 / 9 kW Tool changer type Arm Tool positions 24 Max. tool diameter φ75 / φ130 mm Max. tool length 300 mm Max. tool weight 8 kg Positioning accuracy P0.012 mm Repeatability Ps0.010 mm Air pressure 0.6–0.8 MPa Coolant flow 99 L/min Power supply 3/PE, AC380V, 50Hz Power consumption 60 kVA Machine dimensions (L×W×H) 5000 × 4910 × 4600 mm Machine weight 21000 kg Main Features 1 FANUC 0i-MF plus absolute, type 0 system, 15-inch color LCD 2 iHMI + manual I 3 Max.1500, min.400 block look-ahead 4 Data server (2GB) 5 Fast Ethernet card 6 Straightness compensation interpolation 7 Custom operator panel 8 Rigid tapping 9 Transformer 10 Work area lighting 11 3-color signal beacon 12 Portable MPG 13 Automatic power-off 14 Safety door interlock 15 Foot switch and tool release button 16 Coolant tank level monitoring 17 Direct-drive spindle HSK A63, 15000 rpm 18 Spindle oil chiller 19 Air blow for machining 20 Coolant system 21 Spindle air seal 22 Air gun / water gun 23 Grease lubrication system 24 Pneumatic system Nwjdpfx Abew N I A Djwei 25 Full enclosure 26 Electrical cabinet air conditioner 27 Swiveling control cabinet 28 Separated cabinet for high & low voltage 29 Hinged chip conveyor 30 Adjustable leveling pads & foundation blocks 31 Tool kit 32 Operating manuals 33 Spiral chip conveyor 34 Operation manual 35 Spiral chip conveyor 36 CTS, 20-70 bar, including through-spindle air 37 Oil separator (Chinese brand) 38 Arm-type ATC, 24 tools 39 FAGOR absolute linear scales on X, Y, and Z axes 40 Encapsulated iron package 👉 Get more info & secure the special price: New CNC Gantry Milling Machine Skymaster VM2000 – Kraft Werkzeugmaschinen

Condition: excellent (used), Vertical Machine Center Chiron FZ12W Magnum Sinumerik 810 M Max RPM 8.000 rpm./min, X = 550 mm Y = 300 mm Z = 425 mm 2 x 4th axis Peiseler RT 160 hydraulik brake Nose tool SK 40, Cooling throw spindel IK ATC 20 pcs Machine is still running the production, and can be inspected any time Nwodjlng D Aepfx Abwsi Machine in very good technical condition. I am giving 3 months startup guarranty

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2001, A Chiron CNC vertical machining center is available. Travel X/Y/Z: 2000mm/520mm/630mm, table dimensions X/Y: 2600mm/570mm, max. table load: 1000kg, rapid traverse: 40m/min. Machine dimensions X/Y/Z: approx. 4500mm/3250mm/3600mm, weight: approx. 11400kg, control system: Heidenhain TNC 426/430M, operating hours: approx. 50682h. Including coolant system, chip conveyor, filtration system and paper band filter system. The Y-axis cover is missing, the X-axis enclosure is brittle and the compressed air lines are partially porous. Documentation vorhanden. An on-site inspection is possible. Nsdszcyp Njpfx Abwswi

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1999, Chiron FZ 12 W High Speed Year: 1999 Control: Siemens Sinumerik Type: Vertical machining center with pallet changer Axes travel X axis: approx. 550 mm Y axis: approx. 300 mm Z axis: approx. 425 mm Spindle Spindle taper: SK40 Spindle speed: approx. 10,000 to 10,500 rpm Spindle motor power: approx. 9 to 15 kW Tool system Nwjdoy E Ihgspfx Abwji Tool changer capacity: approx. 12 to 20 positions Max tool weight: approx. 4 kg Tool holder: SK40 Table Table size: approx. 660 x 350 mm Max workpiece weight: approx. 150 kg Table type: pallet changer system Electrical data Voltage: 400 V or 230 V Frequency: 50 to 60 Hz Power consumption: approx. 11 kVA Current: approx. 15 A Machine dimensions and weight Weight: approx. 4000 kg Length: approx. 3000 to 3500 mm Width: approx. 2500 to 3000 mm Height: approx. 2500 to 3000 mm Coolant system Manufacturer: Knoll Type: 340 K 1 600 Year: 1999

Condition: used, Technical details: x-travel: ca.1000 mm y-travel: 400 mm z-travel: 420 mm control: Siemens Sinumerik 805/810 thread cutting up to max.: M 22 bore capacity in St 60 - full boring: 25 mm milling area: Leistung in St 60:150 mm sawing stroke: ca. 55mm mm range of revolutions per minute - continous: 20-6000 U/min Number of working hours: manual 26180 h tool turret: 12 Plätze/places tool taper: SK 40 total power requirement: 18 kVA weight of the machine ca.: 5,0 t machine dimensions LxWxH: 2,9x2,5x2,8 m transport measurements machine: 2,4x2,6x2,75 m Equipment: - special equipment/device ( modulating clamping system) for milling jobs of profile materials with an automatic longtitudinal cutting to length device for workpieces via circular saw module. (without functionality) - hotrizontal tool clamping ( force fitted) with vise clamping system and parallel ledges.(momentarily approx. 80mm) - tool changer type Chiron - basket tool changer - tool clamping mechanically locked, infeed force 5000N Nsdpfx Absu Idnmewowi - swarf conveyor make Knoll - loading and unloading system FMB LM RP 3000 The machine is not fuctional. On sale as is for a small budget i.D. *

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1997, The photo shows a Fanuc Series 0-M (a popular CNC controller used in the 1980s/90s). It supports X, Y, Z axis interpolation and a tool magazine. Features include a CRT screen and a classic push-button keyboard. 3. Electrical parameters (nameplate) Power supply: 3-phase, 380 V, 50 Hz Control voltage: (not specified, but typically Fanuc 110/220 V → transformer) Auxiliary voltage: 24 V Protection: 16 A (flink) Electrical diagram number: 711 792 01 01 4. Machine construction Vertical CNC machining center (milling machine) with a fully enclosed housing. Worktable with grid of holes for mounting workpieces. Carousel tool magazine (visible in the photo) – most often 12, 20, or 24 tools (depending on version). Automatic tool changer (ATC). Z-axis operates vertically (guideway assembly and telescopic way covers visible). 5. Typical technical data (for Chiron FZ 12/15 machines from this period) (values may differ depending on the model, but these are approximate parameters): Travels (X/Y/Z): approx. 500 – 700 / 400 / 400 mm Table surface: 800 × 400 mm (example) Table load: 200 – 300 kg Spindle speed: 20 – 6000 rpm (some versions up to 8000 rpm) Spindle taper: SK 40 (DIN 69871) Spindle drive: 7.5 – 15 kW (depending on version) Tool magazine: 12 – 24 tools Nwedpfx Aew Uab Ajbwei Positioning accuracy: ±0.005 mm Rapid traverse: 30 m/min (X/Y/Z axes) 6. Application Metalworking (steel, aluminum, cast iron, light alloys). 📌 General information: • Manufacturer: CHIRON, Germany • Type: CNC machining center • Control: as seen in the photo (Fanuc Series 0-M) • Automatic tool changer • Heavy-duty worktable with workpiece clamping options • Solid industrial construction 📌 Machine condition: • Used machine, in good condition • Regularly serviced • Shows normal signs of use • Fully functional 📌 Application: • High-precision milling • Machining of metal components • Single-part and batch production

Condition: new, For sale: high-quality compensation (flexible) hose by BOA, made of stainless steel, designed for industrial applications. 📋 Technical data: Manufacturer: BOA Type: SP20 (Ringwellschlauch) Nominal diameter: DN65 Length: 2000 mm Operating pressure: PN16 Connections: flanged Material: stainless steel (INOX) Construction: corrugated hose + steel braid Certifications: DIN / VdS ⚙️ Application: industrial installations water, gas, and steam systems compensation for vibrations and thermal expansion protection of pumps, valves, and pipelines 📦 Condition: New – old stock (NOS) Possible minor traces of storage (visible in the photos). Unused and in full working condition. ✅ Advantages: high resistance to temperature and pressure Nedpfx Aeyzi Hvsbwswi very good flexibility durable stainless steel construction vibration and noise reduction 📸 Included: Exactly what is shown in the photos.

Condition: excellent (used), For sale: Professional lifting set: DEMAG chain hoist + VETTER travelling beam – complete kit High-quality German-made equipment, designed for industrial use. TECHNICAL DATA: Lifting capacity: 2000 kg (2 tons) Beam length: approx. 242 cm Hoist manufacturer: DEMAG Beam manufacturer: VETTER Fördertechnik Power supply: 400V, 3 phases, 50 Hz Year of manufacture: 1997 Lifting speeds: 2-speed (slow + fast) Control: pendant remote (up/down + STOP) Chain: original, in good condition Trolley: manual (moves along the beam) DEMAG hoists are known for their industrial durability and reliability. SET INCLUDES: ✔ DEMAG chain hoist ✔ VETTER travelling beam (approx. 2.4 m) ✔ Manual trolley ✔ Control pendant (remote) ✔ Wiring ✔ Safety hook TECHNICAL CONDITION: unit in working order normal signs of use ready for operation without additional investment APPLICATIONS: Nwodpfx Abey A Tgcswoi workshops warehouses production halls service stations assembly work

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2018, functionality: fully functional, pressing force: 2 t, table width: 330 mm, table length: 350 mm, throat depth: 100 mm, air pressure: 6 bar, cylinder diameter: 28 mm, For sale in new condition HYUNDAE HP-2000 2t PNEUMATIC PRESS Brand: HYUNDAE MACHINERY & ELECTRIC CO.,LTD Type: HP-2000 manufacturing of year: 2021 Max. pressing force: 2t open height:300mm Bolster Size: 350x330mm Nedpevbfbwefx Abwowi Stroke length: 100mm Cylinder diameter: 28mm built on a press stand Two-handed operation Voltage: 110V Air Connecting Hose Diameter:12mm

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1990, Type/Designation: 307-153/714-750 Serial Number: 82/293 Country of Manufacture: Made in West Germany (before 1990) Technical Data (approximate, for this type of CHIRON machine from the 1970s/80s): Machine Type: Column drill / single-station drilling machine for metal Motor Power: typically from 1.5 kW to 3 kW (three-phase, 380 V) Spindle Speeds: 100 – 4000 rpm (mechanically or electrically switched) Nwjdpfxew T U Ube Abwoi Max. Drilling Diameter in Steel: approx. 20–25 mm (depending on the version) Spindle Taper: usually MT2 or MT3 Feed: manual or mechanical (some models equipped with automatic feed) Weight: several hundred kilograms (approx. 300–600 kg) Intended Use: serial production in industry (precise hole drilling, light milling operations in metals, use in production lines) Machine Table: cast iron, capable of securing workpieces Full control panel – variable speed adjustment available 2. Key Working Head Parameters (important for riveting): Press Force (kN) – if specified on the cylinder label or in the electrical box (often 10–30 kN for this size) Spindle/Slide Stroke (mm) – measure from top to bottom position Daylight (working clearance: distance between tool tip and table at top position) Throat Depth – from spindle axis to column (working reach) Max. Rivet Diameter / Work Range – specify based on tests or prior use Voltage: usually 380/400 V, 50 Hz 3. Dimensions and Logistics: L×W×H (of base/overall, in cm) Electrical Supply: 3×400 V, protection e.g. C16–C20 (indicate according to power rating) Weight (weigh with pallet jack with scale or estimate)

Year of construction: 2000, condition: good (used), Vitronics Soltec reflow oven, type: 6638 Quantis Pro Nodpsq I Shaefx Abwswi

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2019, Automatic A frame dispensing system, picker The KNAPP SDA system is a modern automatic channel picking solution for high-speed products. It is ideal for drugstores, cosmetics, FMCG and pharmaceutical logistics environments, where fast and error-free order preparation is key. The products are stored in gravity channels. When an order is placed, the system automatically dispenses the required number of pieces, which are placed on a conveyor belt or in a collection box. Number of sections: 24 (of which 1 section is a tube dispenser) 24 channels in each section Total: 552 channels + 15 tube dispenser channels (for 60 products per channel) The system can be expanded to double the above quantities. Main advantages: Automatic product release Fast picking Accurate inventory management Continuous operation High throughput Minimal human error potential Ideal application areas Drugstore logistics Pharmaceutical wholesale Cosmetic warehouses FMCG distribution centers E-commerce fulfillment Technological background The system: uses intelligent channel management, operates with PLC control, supported by WMS/KiSoft integration, provides real-time inventory monitoring. Operator functions The SDA user interface allows: channel status monitoring, Nwodpfx Abjzbt Suswei test discarding, error diagnostics, fast maintenance intervention. Why KNAPP SDA? The SDA system is one of the most modern solutions for fast and efficient picking, which supports continuous, scalable logistics operations.

Condition: not inspected (used), Year of construction: 1994, travel distance X-axis: 630 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 400 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 426 mm, overall weight: 6,500 kg, number of slots in tool magazine: 20, FZ18W magnum rotary indexing table, Fanuc OM control BT40 spindle, maximum spindle speed 8,000 RPM 20-tool changer Nedpszbal Ijfx Abwjwi 2 tables Nikken dividing head