Used Mep Ph 262 Hb for sale (2,837)

Condition: new, cutting diameter 225 mm Godpfx Aoxaaciek Ujkb capacity 90 degrees: flat 245 x 150 mm capacity 90 degrees: square 200 x 200 mm capacity 45 degrees: flat 160 x 140 mm capacity 45 degrees: round 160 mm capacity 45 degrees: square 140 x 140 mm capacity 60 degrees: flat 110 x 80 mm capacity 60 degrees: square 90 x 90 mm capacity 60 degrees: round 90 mm vice 245 mm turning speed range: 46/92 m/min saw band length 2450 x 27 x 0,9 mm total power requirement 0,7 / 0,81 kW weight of the machine ca. 265 kg Equipment: - compact / robust manual band saw - large bearing-mounted rotary table * for miter cuts from 45° right to 60° left - hydraulic lowering of the saw bow * stepless feed adjustment * limit switch at the end of the cut - 2x saw band speeds - saw band guide made of hard metal plates - manual vice with quick lock - machine base - coolant device - manual saw band tension (star grip at the front) - 1x angle stop - 1x metal saw band - operating instructions

Condition: new, Model Name Gkodpfx Aksl H Dylo Uob PH 262 HB

Condition: used, For sale: MEP PH 261-1HB band saw for metal. The machine is used, in good condition and fully operational. Inspection and testing on site is possible. The MEP PH 261-1HB is a professional manual gravity band saw for metal, designed for cutting tubes, profiles, and solid materials. The HB system enables automatic descent cutting without operator intervention. Specifications: Model: MEP PH 261-1HB Mitre cutting range: 0° to +60° Cutting capacities: 0° – Ø225 mm, 200 x 200 mm, 240 x 160 mm +45° – Ø160 mm, 140 x 140 mm, 155 x 115 mm +60° – Ø90 mm, 90 x 90 mm Maximum vise opening: 245 mm Blade dimensions: 2450 x 27 x 0.9 mm Blade speed: 46 / 92 m/min Motor power: 0.94 / 1.1 kW Working table height: 950 mm Gkjdsy R Sgwopfx Ak Ujb Machine weight: approx. 240 kg Cast iron construction for reduced vibration and increased cutting precision Quick mitre adjustment Suitable for cutting steel, stainless steel, aluminium, and other metals For more information: MEP PH 261-1HB Professional Italian machine for workshops, production, and metalworking companies. If you have any further questions, we will be happy to assist you.

Condition: new, Model Name Gksdpfol H Dydex Ak Ujb PH 261-1 HB

Condition: new, cutting diameter 225 mm capacity 90 degrees: flat 245 x 150 mm capacity 90 degrees: square 200 x 200 mm capacity 45 degrees: flat 160 x 140 mm capacity 45 degrees: round 160 mm capacity 45 degrees: square 140 x 140 mm capacity 60 degrees: flat 110 x 80 mm capacity 60 degrees: square 90 x 90 mm capacity 60 degrees: round 90 mm vice 245 mm turning speed range: 46/92 m/min saw band length 2450 x 27 x 0,9 mm total power requirement 1,5/1,8 kW weight of the machine ca. 240 kg dimensions of the machine ca. 1.530 x 900 x 1.720 mm Equipment: - compact / robust manual band saw - with one-sided miter device up to 60° left - hydraulic lowering of the saw bow * stepless feed adjustment * limit switch at the end of the cut - 2x saw band speeds - saw band guide made of hard metal plates - manual vice with quick lock Gksdpjxaa Dysfx Ak Ueb - machine base with - coolant device - manual saw band tension (star grip at the front) - 1x angle stop - 1x metal saw band - operating instructions

Condition: new, cutting diameter 180 mm capacity 90 degrees: square 180 x 180 mm capacity 90 degrees: flat 200 x 150 mm capacity 45 degrees: round 115 mm capacity 45 degrees: square 110 x 110 mm capacity 45 degrees: flat 125 x 110 mm capacity 60 degrees: flat 70 x 70 mm capacity 60 degrees: square 70 x 70 mm capacity 60 degrees: round 70 mm turning speed range: 40 / 80 m/min saw band length 2.130 x 20 x 0,9 mm total power requirement 0,75 kW weight of the machine ca. 190 kg Equipment: - compact / robust manual band saw - with one-sided miter device up to 60° left - hydraulic lowering of the saw bow * stepless feed adjustment * limit switch at the end of the cut - 2x saw band speeds - saw band guide made of hard metal plates - manual vice with quick lock - machine base Gkodpfx Aexaa Tnjk Ueb - coolant device - manual saw band tension (star grip at the front) - 1x angle stop - 1x metal saw band - operating instructions

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2018, Well-maintained, semi-automatic bandsaw from MEP. Type: Shark 282 SXI evo Year of manufacture: 2018 Speed range: 36/72 m/min Godozyvdispfx Ak Uekb Saw band dimensions: 2950x27x0.9 mm Total power consumption: 1.5 / 1.8 kW Machine weight: approx. 470 kg Cutting diameter: 250 mm Cutting capacity at 90 degrees: flat 280 x 220 mm Cutting capacity at 90 degrees: square 220 x 220 mm Cutting capacity at 45 degrees: flat 220 x 200 mm Cutting capacity at 45 degrees: round 230 mm Cutting capacity at 45 degrees: square 200 x 200 mm Cutting capacity at 60 degrees: flat 140 x 100 mm Cutting capacity at 60 degrees: square 100 x 100 mm Cutting capacity at 60 degrees: round 150 mm #

Condition: refurbished (used), Year of construction: 2007, Used automatic hydraulic band saw for metal MEP SHARK 332 NC EVO Gkjdpezyfwrofx Ak Uob Blade dimensions: 3320x27x0.9mm Cutting angle: from 45° to +60° Operating modes: manual, semi-automatic-dynamic, semi-automatic, automatic Cutting speed: 15-100m/min (inverter) Cutting capacity: at 0° - round 300mm - square 260mm - rectangle 330x260mm Dimensions: 2600x2320x2000mm Year of manufacture: 2007 Weight: 1050kg The machine has been fully refurbished and tested.

Condition: as good as new (ex-display), Year of construction: 2024, type of input current: DC, cutting height (max.): 285 mm, cutting range round steel at 45°: 230 mm, cutting range round steel at 90°: 250 mm, saw band length: 2,950 mm, saw band width: 27 mm, Title MEP SHARK 282 CCS [with semi-automatic lowering] Article number SH282CCS Motor power 1.5/1.8 kW Belt opening 285 mm Belt dimensions 2950x27x0.9 mm Weight 440 kg Speed 36/72 m/min. Cutting surface 0° 250 / 220x220 / 280x220 Cutting surface 45° right 230 / 200x200 / 220x200 Cutting surface 45° left 200 / 170x170 / 200x140 Cutting surface 60° right 120 / 80x80 / 140x80 Cutting surface 60° left Description MEP sawing machine: Basic equipment: Vice with quick adjustment and adjustable guide rails Hydraulic band clamping device with clamping pressure indicator Underframe with removable coolant tray Chip clearing brush Adjusted precision stops for cuts of 0°, 45° and 60° left and 45° right Length stop for cuts of the same length Material support arm, simultaneous connection option for roller conveyor/loading side Turntable for double mitre cuts Machine is designed for pallet truck/forklift transport M2 bi-metal band saw blade for solid and profiled material Tools and operating instructions Electrical equipment: Control panel labeled cable connections Control lamp for operational readiness Main safety switch Emergency stop button Speed changeover switch Thermomagnetic protection Undervoltage release Control handle IP 55 protected Phase comparator Low voltage system 24 Volt Electrical coolant system 48 V (attachment of a micro-spraying device possible) Gsdpfszzkthox Ak Uekb Motor 1.5/1.8 KW 2 speeds 36/72 m/min. Vice opening 285 Saw band 2950 x 27 x 0.9 Weight 440 kg

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2019, cutting diameter 250 mm capacity 90 degrees: flat 280 x 220 mm capacity 90 degrees: square 220 x 220 mm capacity 45 degrees: flat 220 x 200 mm capacity 45 degrees: round 230 mm capacity 45 degrees: square 200 x 200 mm capacity 60 degrees: flat 140 x 100 mm capacity 60 degrees: square 100 x 100 mm capacity 60 degrees: round 150 mm vice 285 mm turning speed range: 36/72 m/min dimensions of saw-band 2950x27x0,9 mm total power requirement 1,5 / 1,8 kW weight of the machine ca. 460 kg dimensions of the machine ca. 1150 x 1970 mm Features: - Robust electro-hydraulic semi-automatic band saw (INDUSTRIE) - With miter cuts from 45° right to 60° left * Mitre adjustment via a large turntable - MEP EVO microprocessor control for managing all functions * Front right, swiveling - Optional manual or automatic lowering of the saw frame * Stepless adjustment of the saw frame lowering - Saw blade guide made of carbide plates - Hydraulic saw blade tensioningâ??includes digital display - 2 saw blade speeds - Coolant system - 1 angle stop - Chip removal brush - Machine base frame with forklift pockets - Operating instructions in German - Replacement saw bands Semi-automatic operation: - Electro-hydraulic clamping of the vise - Electro-hydraulic lowering of the saw frame - Electro-hydraulic lifting of the saw frame Gksdpfozvhkmjx Ak Usb - Electro-hydraulic opening of the vise *Optional equipment: - 2000 mm feed roller conveyor - 2000 mm discharge roller conveyor, including stop

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2019, MEP Tiger 352 SX EVO Cut Off Saw, 4000mm Roller Conveyor with Length Stop, Weight 410kg. S/No. 562821/31B (2019) Location: These lots are located in Burton-on-Trent, UK. Unfortunately, there are no loading facilities on-site, dismantling and loading will be at the cost of the purchaser. Gksdszr I Ahspfx Ak Ujb

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2014, cutting range 300 mm capacity 90 degrees: flat 330 x 260 mm capacity 90 degrees: square 260 x 260 mm capacity 45 degrees: round 260 mm capacity 45 degrees: flat 270 x 200 mm capacity 45 degrees: square 250 mm capacity 60 degrees: round 180 mm capacity 60 degrees: flat 170 x 170 mm capacity 60 degrees: square 180 mm automatic feeds 9999,9 mm feed minimum 2.0 mm cutting diameter minimum 5.0 mm band speed 15 - 100 m/min vice 340 mm Öffnung dimensions of saw-band 3650 x 27 x 0,9 mm Control MEP CNC total power requirement 2.2 kW weight 1240 kg range L-W-H 1800 x 1900 x 1750 mm actual NEW price about 23.000 Euro special price on request Equipment: - robust electro-hydraulic fully automatic band saw (INDUSTRY) - with additional semi-automatic function, for cuts from 0° to 60° left - WINDOWS “CE” based MEP 50 – control and 7” touch screen display * simple and quick setting of all machine parameters * with additional soft keys + backlit display * 10 programs, each with a maximum of 9999 pieces and . a maximum length of 9999.9 mm - material feed with stepper motor via ball screw * single stroke 600 mm repeatable to saw any length * accuracy of ± 0.1/600 mm - feeder with protective cover and safety limit switch - precise setting of the cutting feed with indication in mm/min - positioning of the saw head and movement of the feeder using a joystick - automatic detection of the start of the cut - large deflection discs, adjustable from cast steel - Saw blade tension with blade tension control and display - Hard metal blade guides for maximum cutting precision - Automatic monitoring of the cutting load - Vice with quick adjustment * with interchangeable clamping and stop jaws Gkedpfxezkbn Uo Ak Usb - Large, laterally extendable chip tray and coolant container * equipped with 2 electric pumps for lubricating and cooling the saw blade * Coolant gun for cleaning the machine - Chip removal brush for cleaning the saw blade - Operating instructions DE Information from the manufacturer: When installing this saw in a network with a residual current device (FI), this should be universally current sensitive and not less than 300 mA.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2014, MEP Cobra 352 MA cold circular saw in very good condition. Year of manufacture: 2014 Shipping is possible. Gsdpsyzbmnjfx Ak Uekb

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2015, 1 used miter band saw Manufacturer: MEP Type: Shark 512 SXI EVO Year of manufacture: 2015 Technical data: Design: Semi-automatic double miter metal band saw Miter range: -60° to +60° Max. cutting capacity at 0°: 510 × 320 mm Saw band dimensions: 4,640 × 34 × 1.1 mm Band speed: 15–100 m/min (continuously variable) Gkedpfxezlgmlj Ak Ujb Drive power: 4.0 kW Vise opening: 515 mm Machine weight: approx. 1,190 kg with various roller conveyors

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2010, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 21064627/F, saw blade diameter: 350 mm, saw blade speed: 3,500 rpm, rotational speed (min.): 1,700 rpm, rotational speed (max.): 3,500 rpm, MEP Circular Saw Cobra 352 MA Gksdozm Thropfx Ak Uob

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2009, Large, robust saw from the renowned manufacturer MEP SHARK CCS HYDRA - Fully semi-automatic - Cutting diameter for round stock: 300 mm - Capacity: 320x260 mm - Swivel LEFT/RIGHT - Saw band: 3320x27x0.9 mm - Coolant pump - Automatic vise pressure - Machine weight: 700 kg - Original roller table (100 kg) - Includes 3 new saw bands - Original documentation The machine is original, in very good technical condition, ready for operation. Can be viewed in Głosków near Warsaw. Gkodpoy Ani Eofx Ak Ueb

Year of construction: 2015, condition: ready for operation (used), A MEP saw with a Kenning automation system is available. Mitering range min./max.: -45°/60°, saw blade diameter: 350mm, saw blade bore: 32mm, thickness: 2.5mm, speed: 90rpm, max. vise opening: 190mm, max. cutting capacity: 115mm. Machine dimensions X/Y/Z: approx. 2050mm/1050mm/1150mm, weight: approx. 450kg, control system: PC. Documentation available. An on-site inspection is possible. Gksdpfx Ajzf Ncpsk Ueb

Condition: new, cutting diameter 300 mm capacity 90 degrees: flat 330 x 250 mm capacity 90 degrees: square 250 x 250 mm capacity 45 degrees: round 260 mm capacity 45 degrees: flat 260 x 200 mm capacity 60 degrees: round 180 mm capacity 60 degrees: flat 170 x 170 mm band speed 15 - 100 m/min dimensions of saw-band 3650 x 27 x 0.9 mm Control MEP CNC total power requirement 2.2 kW weight 1190 kg Fully automatic electro-hydraulic band saw, featuring additional operating modes: * semi-automatic * semi-automatic dynamic * manual Description: - Robust, fully automatic electro-hydraulic band saw (INDUSTRIAL grade) * MEP Direct control technology * User interface with intuitive 10" touchscreen display * Mechanical buttons for saw operating functions * Guarantees reliable, simple, and intuitive operation * Real-time monitoring of all cutting parameters * Pivoting arm allows for convenient and safe operation * Display and logging of alarm and error messages * Massive data storage: up to 100,000 programs and 9,999 cutting sequences - Miter cuts in automatic cycle from 0° to 60° left - Semi-automatic, semi-automatic dynamic, and manual cycles * Miter cuts from 45° right to 60° left - Selectable manual or semi-automatic dynamic cycle * For performing cuts without programming - Protective enclosure for operator safety - Infinitely variable cutting speed regulation from 15 to 100 m/min * Via frequency inverter - Latest-generation hydraulic power unit * High performance with low energy consumption - Material feed via stepper motor and recirculating ball screw * Mounted on opposed ball bearings * Repeatable 600 mm single stroke for cutting any length - Saw head positioning and feeder movement via joystick - Automatic detection of the initial cut position Gksdpfx Akoz Albio Uob - Manual band tension monitoring with display readout * Via electronic transducer - Automatic cutting load monitoring * Via a servo valve mounted directly on the cylinder - Coolant tank integrated into the machine base - Chip-clearing brush - Bi-metal saw blade for solid and profile material - Tools and operating instructions with spare parts list * Angularity = 2/12 degrees * Length accuracy = +/- 0.1 mm per feed stroke Manufacturer information – please note: If this saw is installed on a mains circuit equipped with a residual current device (RCD), the RCD must be universal-current sensitive (Type B) and rated at no less than 300 mA.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2008, functionality: fully functional, MEP Shark 282 NC evo band saw machine. This robust saw is ideal for precise cuts in various materials. MEP Shark 282 NC evo Godozmikvspfx Ak Uskb Manufacturer: Mep Type: Shark 282 NC evo Year of manufacture: 2008 Condition: used Further information available upon request.

Condition: new, range L-W-H 790 x 460 x 960 mm weight 70 kg 7 St. Tool trolley with 7 drawers equipped with tools - The pull-out drawers are all ball-bearing. - The entire workshop trolley is lockable. - Drawer 1 1/4" premium ratchet. 1/4" knee joint 45 mm. 1/4" extension 100mm. 1/4" socket wrench 4, 4.5, 5.5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 mm. 1/4" long buttons 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 mm. 3/8" premium ratchet. 3/8" knee joint 55 mm. 3/8" extension 150mm. 3/8" socket wrench 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 mm. 3/8" long socket wrenches 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 19 mm. 1/2" premium ratchet. 1/2" knee joint 75 mm. 1/2" extension 125mm. 1/2" Sockets 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 21, 22, 24, 27, 30, 32mm. Gkedpeu Imnpsfx Ak Usb 1/2" Long Sockets 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 22mm. - DRAWER 2 Ring, ratchet and socket wrench set consisting of. Sockets 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 21, 22, 24, 27, 30mm. - DRAWER 3 1/4" arbor drill TT8, TT9, TT110, TT20, TT25, TT27, TT30, TT40. 1/4" plug-in bits T8, T9, T10, T15, T20, T25, T27, T30, T40. 1/4" plug-in bits HW3, HW4, HW5, HW6, HW7, HW8. 1/4" recording bits S0, S1, S2, S3, S4. 1/4" locating drill V6, V8, V10. 1/4" locating drill H6. 1/4" receiving bits FD4, FD5.5, FD6, FD7. 1/4" recording bits PH1, PH2, PH3. 1/4" pickup bits PZ0, PZ1, PZ2, PZ3. 1/4" recording bits H2, H4, H5. 8mm locating bits PZ1, PZ2, PZ3, PZ4. 8mm locating bits PH1, PH2, PH3, PH4. 8mm locating bits T20, T27, T30, T35, T40, T45. 8mm locating bits SL 4, SL5.5, SL6, SL6.5. 8mm allen bits Allen 7, 8, 10. 1/2" recording bits M18 Spline (POWER) 1/2" plug-in bits H14, H17, H19, H22, H24. 1/2" locating bits M16 Spline. 1/2" arbor M16 Spline 100 mm long. 1/2" locating drill T80 - 100 mm long. 1/2" pick-up bits M9, M16 - 100 mm long. 1/2" locating drill R9 - 100 mm long. 1/2" Pick-up Bits R10 - 140mm long. 1/2" drill T40, T45, T50, T55, T60, T70 - 140 mm long. 1/2" drill H10, H11, H13 - 140 mm long. 1/2" drill M10, M12, M14 - 140 mm long. 1/2" locating drill H5 - 160 mm long. 1/2" pickup bits H7 - 230mm long. 1/2" locating drill R7, R8 - 230 mm long. 1/2" locating drill H7 - 230mm long. 1/2" locating drill T30 - 300 mm long. 1/2" adapter to 10 mm square. - DRAWER 4 screwdriver flat. 2.5x50, 3x75, 5x100, 6x100. screwdriver cross. PH 2.5x50, 4x75, 5x75, 6x100, 8x150. Impact Screwdriver Plat. 5x75, 6x100, 8x150, 6x38 Stubby. Cross Impact Screwdriver. 5x75, 6x100, 8x150, 6x38 Stubby. - Drawer 5 T-handle Allen with ball head. 2x100, 2.5x100, 3x100, 4x150, 4.5x150, 5x150, 6x150, 8x200, 10x200mm. T-handle Allen. 2x100, 2.5x100, 3x100, 4x150, 4.5x150, 5x150, 6x150, 8x200, 10x200mm. - DRAWER 6 Water pump pliers 250 mm. Combination pliers 150 mm. Needle nose pliers 150 mm. Curved pliers 150 mm. Side cutters 150 mm. Inner curved sealing pliers 170 mm. External curved sealing pliers 170 mm. External sealing pliers 180 mm. Sealing pliers 1.5 x 102, 2 x 102, 3 x 114, 4 x 127, 5 x 127, 6 x 140 mm, Claw hammer with fiberglass handle. - DRAWER 7 Socket wrench 6mm. Socket wrench 7mm. Socket wrench 8mm. Socket wrench 10mm. Socket wrench 11mm. Socket wrench 12mm. Socket wrench 13mm. Socket wrench 14mm. Socket wrench 15mm.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2022, functionality: fully functional, type of input current: DC, cutting height (max.): 285 mm, actuation type: manual, overall weight: 440 kg, saw band length: 2,950 mm, saw band width: 27 mm, Equipment: documentation/manual, For sale from our warehouse location: Albert-Proeller-Straße 9a, 86675 Buchdorf MEP manual bandsaw machine TYPE: SHARK 282 CCS Motor power 1.5/1.8 kW Table opening 285 mm Band dimensions 2950x27x0.9 mm Weight 440 kg Speed 36/72 m/min Cutting capacity at 0° 250 / 220x220 / 280x220 Cutting capacity at 45° right 230 / 200x200 / 220x200 Cutting capacity at 45° left 200 / 170x170 / 200x140 Cutting capacity at 60° right 120 / 80x80 / 140x80 Cutting capacity at 60° left Accessories: - MD 12 micro-dosing device MINI-GF - EL-1/2-2L Gkjdpoy Uwuuofx Ak Uob - Conveyor roller table, type K 110

Condition: ready for operation (used), functionality: fully functional, saw blade diameter: 350 mm, overall weight: 480 kg, rotational speed (min.): 15 rpm, rotational speed (max.): 90 rpm, input voltage: 380 V, 3-phase 400V, 2-speed motor is running smoothly! Geared head with 4 speeds. 15, 30, 45, and 90 RPM. Quick clamping mechanism. Brand new, original MEP clamping jaws. Emergency stop. Coolant pump located in the machine base. Mitre cuts are possible. Square cutting capacity: 95x95mm. Maximum saw blade diameter: 350mm. Includes 2 x 350mm saw blades. Gkedpfxozawmyo Ak Ujb Made in Italy. Weight: 480 kg. Contact us for shipping options! €2,000.00

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2013, Used automatic band saw MEP SHARK 310 CNC HS Blade dimensions: 4640x34x1.1 mm Variable blade cutting speed: 15–115 m/min Cutting capacity: round 310 mm, square 310x310 mm Automatic blade tensioner Automatic chip conveyor Additional equipment: vertical vise Machine weight: 2200 kg The machine is in excellent condition and will be fully inspected and serviced. Gksdoyyuxnepfx Ak Usb

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2017, capacity 90 degrees: round 120 mm capacity 90 degrees: square 105 mm capacity 90 degrees: flat 180x70 mm 110 mm 95 mm 135x60 mm 120 mm 100 mm 135x60 mm 180 mm Gkjdpfx Akoy Ruvbo Usb dimensions of saw-blade 350x32x3,4 mm turning speeds 1700/3400 U/min weight of the machine ca. 600 kg

Condition: used, MEP Syntax Line 25 Automatic Rebar Processing Center, Used Machine Manufacturer MEP S.p.A. (Made in Italy) Model Syntax Line 25 Machine Functions Automatic straightening from coil Hydraulic cutting CNC-controlled bi-directional bending Processing Capacity (Rebar from Coil) Single-wire operation: Ø8 mm to Ø25 mm Godpfx Akozg Uv De Uekb Double-wire operation: Simultaneous processing of 2 bars from Ø8 mm to Ø16 mm Material Storage Storage capacity: Up to 14 m³ Manual loading Collection tray: 12 × 2.5 m Overall Dimensions Width: 17,400 mm Depth: 2,400 mm Height: 1,600 mm Condition The built-in monitor is not operational. The machine is equipped with a video output, allowing an external monitor to be connected for operation.