Used Kolbus Ep (275) for sale (3,734)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1972, machine/vehicle number: 275, Eckeneinziehmaschine Kolbus EP- Corner Pulling Machine Kolbus EPYear 1972 - Serial-No. 275 Size max: 405 mm Accessories: 2-corner-pulling-heads Online-Video-Inspection by Skype-Video We would be very pleased with your visit - more machines on Stock Available Immediately - Can be inspect On Stock Emskirchen / Nürnberg - Can be test Djdpfxjh Axdle Al Ajku

Year of construction: 1976, condition: used, Embossing machine Kolbus PE - PE 70 Year: 1976 Tandem configuration consisting of 2 interconnected Kolbus PE 70 embossing machines. Dodpfx Alezat H Ao Asku - Case pre-stacking conveyor - Case bending station: DBA - Foil transporting device - Case infeed 90° swivelling

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2004, Ref:11162 . 2004 Kolbus Publica KM410.C High speed perfect binding line. Comprising: 15 x stream feeders with extended infeed for log loading 30 x ZU841C gatherer with interchangeable top-loading feeders for folded sections and single sheets Hand feed station Automatic thickness control AS 800 reject station for over or incomplete books with length & width monitoring Raceway/transfer with vibrate unit Publica binder type KM410.C with 24 clamps with ‘Co-Pilot’ Milling/brushing, equalizing milling, ‘Micro’ notching & brushing units LH370 EVA pre-melt units 2-shot EVA hot-melt spine glue tank EVA hot-melt side glue unit I.R. heating in radius for increased glue open time SAL410A Stream cover feeder with four-line scoring Cover nipping/pressing station Delivery system with lay-down device and reject station Conveyor system including cooling tower to; Kolbus HD152.P pile trimmer with ‘Co-Pilot’; Rima RS-3310S compensating book stacker to; Specification: Book size, Max: 420 x 290 x 65 mm Max: 420 x 305 x 20 mm Dsdpfx Aloz I Tz So Aeku Min: 105 x 100 mm Book thickness : 3 -- 70 mm Mechanical speed, Max: 15,000 cycles/hr

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2015, functionality: fully functional, KOLBUS DA 260 Case Making Machine Manufacturer Kolbus GmbH & Co KG, Rahden, Germany Production Year 2015 • Max. speed 40 cycles/min • Spine strip (roll) max. 500 mm • Mounting diameter 60 mm • • Production options: • • Book cover: • Open format min. 140 x 205 mm • Max. 390 x 670 mm • Hinge width 4 – 18 mm • Outer insert width 14 – 120 mm • Closed hinge width 8 – 15 mm • • Canvas in the spine of a book • Width 223 – 708 mm • Height 130 – 428 mm • Cover boards: • Thickness 1 – 4 mm • Width 95 – 328 mm • Height 140 – 390 mm • Spine board: • Thickness 1 – 4 mm • Width 6 – 90 mm • Spine strip (roll) • Thickness 0.3 – 0.6 mm • Width 6 – 90 mm • Dksdpoz Ebbnsfx Al Asu Availability immediately Sale Reason production reduction Condition of the Machine very good condition, well maintained, worn out according to its agecan be seen running

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2014, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 337, Kolbus DA 260 case-making machine - Device for applying inner lining with hot glue - Automatic case counter - Single case request for control purposes, initiated from the operating side - Infinitely variable drive Dedpfxjz Hlywj Al Aeku - Safety standard compliant with CE directives and specifications Technical data: Size range of open case: min.: 205 x 140 mm max.: 670 x 390 mm Joint width: 4 – 15 mm Width between boards: 14 – 120 mm Turn-in width, closed: 8 – 15 mm Cloth: width: 223 – 708 mm height: 130 – 428 mm Boards: thickness: 1 – 4 mm width: 95 – 328 mm height: 140 – 390 mm Board center strip: thickness: 1 – 4 mm width: 6 – 90 mm Center strip roll: thickness: 0.3 – 0.6 mm width: 6 – 90 mm Inner lining dimensions, dependent on glue processing: width: 195 – 670 mm height: 130 – 390 mm Do not hesitate to contact us for more information. The machine is still in production.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2000, gebraucht 2000 6253 Dkjdpfx Aeynmy Eol Aou prompt, Zwischenverkauf v 1900 € 1 Schwenkrahmen 2480 x 0,9 x 27 mm 45 / 90 m/min 225 mm 180 x 245 mm rund 100 mm, 100 x 100 mm rund 160 mm, 160 x 160 mm 935 mm 1.1 kW 1500 mm 700 mm 1400 mm 225 kg Downfeed with damper cylinder and manual valve Coolant equipment Vice with fast clamping lever Roller table 2000 mm with manual gauge 3 pcs. spare bands Operating manual with EC conformity declaration OPTIONS: Further roller tables and band saw blades on request BUYING USED MACHINERY IS A MATTER OF TRUST - OUR TRANSPARENCY PROMISE We offer you maximum security and complete transparency. • HONEST INSIGHTS: Detailed photos and functional videos of the current condition • LIVE ON-SITE CHECK: Live testing is possible at our facility • DIGITAL DEMONSTRATION: Individual live demonstration via video call • RISK-FREE PURCHASE: 14-day return policy Details:

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2002, functionality: limited functionality, We are selling our complete perfect binding line, including: Dkjdpfx Alez Eynyj Aeu ZTM 18 stations (16 feeders + 2 manual stations) Three-knife trimmer HK 151.P 593, optionally with all cassettes and dies Drying tower Complete conveyor system with outfeed station PUR gluing system Hot-melt gluing system Optional: Disc gluing system Optional: Compressed air unit Optional: Replacement milling cutters Optional: Replacement knives The binder has been in operation with us for 5 years and has been brought into top condition with a total of €300,000 in maintenance and repairs. For example, various feeders have been replaced (approx. €5,000 per feeder). The binder has been idle for just over 2 years due to a staffing situation. The binder is currently being dismantled by a specialist company, which would also be able to install and commission the binder at the buyer’s location. The binder needs to be sold because we are installing a new printing press and need the space. Option A: Sale of the complete system Option B: Sale of individual components We would be happy to provide further pictures or a short video showing the setup/current layout of the binder.

Year of construction: 2022, condition: used, KOLBUS Box Line Assembler BLA 500 year 2022 For assembling box cases and boxes or box cases and flat blanks. Overview: BLA 500 box line assembler CP 500 blank placing module BP 200 twin box placing module (year 2019) BP 500 box placer SG 500 side gluer Configuration: BLA 500 box line assembler · copilot system with touch screen · device for gluing box cases · servo-controlled drive technology based on Siemens technology · infeed with cardboard feeder CF 500 · delivery via conveyor belt Technical specifications: mechanical speed: up to 40 cycles/min box case width max.: 735 mm box case width min.: 205 mm box case height max.: 525 mm box case height min.: 140 mm box case thickness max.: 4,0 mm box case thickness min.: 1,5 mm CP 500 blank placing module · module for placing flat blanks on glued box cases Technical specifications: flat blank width max.: 800 mm flat blank width min.: 200 mm flat blank height max.: 800 mm Djdpfx Aloz E Npas Aoku flat blank height min.: 200 mm BP 200 twin box placing module (year 2019) · module for placing two boxes on glued box cases Technical specifications: box width max.: 170 mm box width min.: 100 mm box height max.: 42 mm box height min.: 20 mm box length max.: 250 mm box length min.: 100 mm cardboard thickness max.: 4,0 mm cardboard thickness min.: 1,5 mm spacing between boxes max.: 405 mm spacing between boxes min.: 140 mm BP 500 box placer · module for placing boxes on glued box cases Technical specifications: box width max.: 310 mm box width min.: 65 mm box height max.: 170 mm box height min.: 20 mm box length max.: 400 mm box length min.: 130 mm cardboard thickness max.: 4,0 mm cardboard thickness min.: 1,5 mm SG 500 side gluer · module for raising and gluing the sides of the box case to the box Technical specifications: box case height max.: 405 mm box case height min.: 140 mm

Year of construction: 2022, condition: used, KOLBUS Box Production Line BLT 200 + BLW 200 year 2022 For the automatic production of raw boxes from cardboard blanks as well as the lamination of the boxes. The BLT 200 is used for uprighting punched and grooved cardboards and the BLW 200 is used for laminating boxes. Overview: BLT 200 box line taper BLW 200 box line wrapper Configuration: BLT 200 box line taper · copilot system with touch screen · cardboard feeder · uprighting channel · 4 heat-sealing tape stations · 2 sets of knives (4 pcs. each) · 2 sets of counter knives (4 pcs. each) · servo-controlled drive technology based on Siemens technology · delivery incl. inline coupling with box line wrapper BLW 200 Technical specifications: mechanical speed: up to 40 cycles/min cardboard height max.: 525 mm cardboard height min.: 140 mm cardboard width max.: 735 mm Dsdez E Npmjpfx Al Asku cardboard width: min.: 140 mm cardboard thickness max.: 3 mm cardboard thickness min.: 1 mm box length max.: 570 mm box length min.: 56 mm box width max.: 360 mm box width min.: 56 mm box height max.: 170 mm box height min.: 20 mm BLW 200 box line wrapper · copilot system with touch screen · cloth feeder · hot gluing station with premelter · glue application adjustment from the outside · viscosity controls · buffer zone for feeding the boxes · cloth transport with vacuum conveyor · camera system for precise positioning of the boxes on the cloth · robot for positioning the boxes on the cloth · rub down station · 4 laminating stations for laminating boxes · 10 format plates (1.000 mm x 215 mm x 15 mm) · servo-controlled drive technology based on Siemens technology · infeed incl. inline coupling with box line taper BLT 200 · delivery via conveyor belt Technical specifications: mechanical speed: up to 40 cycles/min box length max.: 570 mm box length min.: 56 mm box width max.: 360 mm box width min.: 56 mm box height max.: 170 mm box height min.: 20 mm cardboard thickness max.: 3,0 mm cardboard thickness min.: 1,5 mm cloth length max.: 815 mm cloth length min.: 120 mm cloth width max.: 605 mm cloth width min.: 120 mm

Year of construction: 2023, condition: used, KOLBUS Grooving Machine NM 101 year 2023 Dkedpfxoz E Nyxj Al Asu For cutting grooves into cardboards. Configuration: - adjustable knife mountings with knife head from 90° to 110° (2 pcs.) - v-groove knife blades (16 pieces) - setting device for the knife mountings - stack/stream cover delivery by means of a conveyor belt - automatic chip removal from the machine - servo-controlled drive technology based on Siemens technology - infeed with cardboard feeder CF 750 - processing in the double magazine - product outfeed with 1.500 mm roller conveyor - digital display of the knife positions for one knife holder - grinding device for sharpening the knives Technical specifications: number of grooves per operating step: 1 - 8 grooves in transport direction cardboard thickness max.: 4 mm cardboard thickness min.: 1 mm distance between grooves (single cut) on 2 knife holders min.: 1 mm distance between grooves on one knife holder min.: 40 mm spacing from the first groove to the outer edge of the cardboard min.: 15 mm

Year of construction: 2022, condition: used, KOLBUS Box Line Taper BLT 200 year 2022 For the automatic production of raw boxes from cardboard blanks. The BLT 200 is used for uprighting punched and grooved cardboard. Configuration: copilot system with touch screen cardboard feeder uprighting channel 4 heat-sealing tape stations 2 sets of knives (4 pcs. each) 2 sets of counter knives (4 pcs. each) servo-controlled drive technology based on Siemens technology Technical specifications: mechanical speed: up to 40 cycles/min cardboard height max.: 525 mm cardboard height min.: 140 mm cardboard width max.: 735 mm cardboard width: min.: 140 mm cardboard thickness max.: 3 mm cardboard thickness min.: 1 mm box length max.: 570 mm box length min.: 56 mm box width max.: 360 mm box width min.: 56 mm box height max.: 170 mm Dodpfoz E Npgjx Al Aeku box height min.: 20 mm

Year of construction: 2024, condition: used, KOLBUS Box Production Line BLP 500 + BLF 500 year 2024 The corner punch BLP 500 is used for punching cross grooved boards and the box line former BLF 500 is used for production of rigid boxes from cross grooved and corner punched boards. Overview: BLP 500 box line puncher BLF 500 box line former Configuration: BLP 500 box line puncher · copilot system with touch screen · 1 set (4 pieces) of knife holders · 5 sets (40 pieces) of knives · 3 sets (12 pieces) of cutting sticks · waste delivery out of the machine via transport conveyor · servo-controlled drive technology based on Siemens technology · infeed with cardboard feeder CF 500 · delivery incl. inline coupling with box line former BLF 500 Technical specifications: mechanical speed: up to 40 cycles/min cardboard height max.: 525 mm cardboard height min.: 140 mm cardboard width max.: 735 mm cardboard width: min.: 140 mm cardboard thickness max.: 4 mm cardboard thickness min.: 1,5 mm box length max.: 570 mm box length min.: 56 mm box width max.: 360 mm box width min.: 56 mm box height max.: 170 mm box height min.: 15 mm BLF 500 box line former · copilot system with touch screen · cold glue device with 1 set (4 pieces) 0,3 mm gluing nozzles for gluing grooves · box forming device to turn-up of the side panels · holding station for glue drying · servo-controlled drive technology based on Siemens technology · infeed incl. inline coupling with box line puncher BLP 500 · delivery via conveyor belt Technical specifications: mechanical speed: up to 40 cycles/min cardboard height max.: 525 mm cardboard height min.: 140 mm cardboard width max.: 735 mm cardboard width: min.: 140 mm cardboard thickness max.: 4 mm cardboard thickness min.: 1,5 mm Dsdpfez E Riuex Al Ajku box length max.: 570 mm box length min.: 56 mm box width max.: 360 mm box width min.: 56 mm box height max.: 170 mm box height min.: 15 mm

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2011, Three knife trimmer Kolbus HD 143.P Year: 2011 For three side trimming of book blocks and brochures, used as an individual machine or as a unit within book production lines. Counter: 12.560.000 books Description: - Co-Pilot with touchscreen - Right hand infeed Dsdpez Eaq Iefx Al Ajku - Counter stacker - Cut counter - Exchangeable cutting tables (standard set): (4-18) - Knife pre-setting device - Set of knife holders: 2 - Sets of knives: 2 Max. mechanical speed: 7.500 single products/hour or 4,200 single products/hour from 40 mm product thickness on Maximum size (cutted): 305 x 420 x 80 mm Minimum size (cutted): 100 x 100 x 2 mm Maximum size (uncutted): 320 x 450 x 80 mm Note!: Specifications are subject to typographical errors and changes in comparable models by the manufacturer!

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2017, functionality: fully functional, The Kolbus SW.E 500 is a high-performance corner-cutting machine for the industrial processing of high-quality cardboard packaging. It was specifically designed for the automated production of luxury packaging and rigid boxes. Dkodezblxmjpfx Al Aju The Kolbus SW.H 500 is a high-performance box-making line from the German manufacturer Kolbus Group GmbH. The machine processes pre-scored and corner-cut cardboard sheets. The Kolbus SW.H 500 applies adhesive to the pre-formed creases, erects the side walls, and precisely fixes them to create a stable, foldable rigid cardboard box.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2004, Format: 310 x 430 mm Equipment: Counter 22 Mio Co-Pilot with Touchscreen Infeed conveyor from the right Automatic Magazine for In-line Production Dedsy Tacxepfx Al Asku Counting Stacker Product Counter Tool Presetter Total number of knife sets: 1 Interchangeable Cutting Cassettes (Standard Set)

Year of construction: 2017, condition: used, Case maker Kolbus DA 270 Bookjet Edition Year: 2017 Equipped with: - Copilot system with touchscreen - Board magazine for manual loading - Cloth feeder for non-stop operation with pile magazine, max. stacking height 160 mm - Miss cloth control during the separation process - Counter stacker delivery with following roller conveyor - Moveable gluing station for processing hot-glue with glue preparation unit in the premelter, heated glue application roller and scraper roller - Cloth cylinder with grippers and exchangeable plates for rubber pad (incl. 5 x 500 mm, 5 x 720 mm and 10 x rubber pad) - Viscosity control device for automatic water supply to ensure constant glue viscosity with pump and water tank for manual filling - Device for inside lining with hot-glue - Pressing roller device for crease-free connection of the cover material with boards and spine strip - Device for producing padded cases - Automatic case counter - Programmable automatic settings, motorized adjustments, indication of production faults - Single case request for control purposes done from the operating side - Servo-controlled drive technology based on Siemens SIMOTION D Special equipment: - without centre strip roll device (optional available new!) - With board centre strip magazine, boards height min. 130 mm - Board centre strip cutting device (cross centre strip) for processing digital print products of varying centre-strip, device for cutting rigid centre board strips to width, with possible width variation from cycle to cycle - Kolbus Turning Device WE 260, year 2017 (counter: only approx. 4,7 mio. book cases) Technical specifications: - Mechanical speed: up to 65 cycles/min - Open cover size max.: 670 x 390 mm Dsdpfjzhwu Eex Al Ajku - Open cover size min.: 205 x 140 mm - Joint width: 4 - 15 mm - Spine width: 14 - 120 mm - Turn in width closed: 8 - 15 mm - Cloth width: 223 - 708 mm - Cloth height: 130 - 428 mm - Board thickness: 1 - 4 mm - Board width: 95 - 328 mm - Board height: 140 - 390 mm - Board centre strip thickness: 1 - 4 mm - Board centre strip width: 6 - 90 mm

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2007, Format: 1360 x 1200 mm Equipment: Fully automated palletizing of loose stacks and solid containers at a speed of up to 1,800 stacks/hr Dkedpfxjyxqvgo Al Aju Automatic Palletizing product infeed via accumulating conveyor Pallet dimensions: 1360 x 1200 - 1000 x 800 travel stop for dropping of very smooth products pallet removal in moving direction Pallet sizes 1,360 x 1,200 or 1,000 x 800mm Speed 30 Stacks/min

Year of construction: 2009, condition: used, Case maker Kolbus DA 270 Year: 2009 Description: - Digital display - Semi automatic setting - Automatic case counter - Board pre stacking conveyor - Board cutter: PS - Centre strip infeed (flexible) - Cloth feeder Dksdpfx Aloz A A I De Aeu - Glue unit - Preheated glue tube - Viscosity control - Pressing station - Stacking delivery - Belt delivery - Pump Size range opened case (max): 670 x 390 mm Size range opened case (min): 205 x 140 mm Joint width: 4 - 15 mm Cloth width: 223 x- 708 mm Cloth height: 130 - 428 mm Board thickness: 1 - 4 mm Board width: 95 x 328 mm Board height: 140 x 390 mm Max. mechanical speed: up to 65 cycles/min Note!: Specifications are subject to typographical errors and changes in comparable models by the manufacturer!

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2010, operating hours: 25,000 h, Kolbus DA 270 Used hardcover production machine for book covers, file cases, calendar backs, or games Year 2010 Standard equipment Cardboard pre-stacking belt Sheet feeder for non-stop operation Fault monitoring during gluing Utility cylinder with grippers and interchangeable die plates External glue application Unit for padded covers Automatic cover counter Programmable automatic settings, motor-driven adjustments Speed up to 65 cycles/min Unit for processing roll spine material Heated glue application rollers and doctor blade Viscosity control unit for automatic water supply to ensure consistent glue viscosity Unit for mirror gluing with hotmelt Board spine magazine Small format unit Large format unit (height) for open cover format of max. 670 × 405 mm Large format unit (width) for open cover format max. 678 × 390 mm, width max. 718 mm Corner trimming device (manual operation) Dksdjzxdhmepfx Al Aju Unit for processing asymmetric covers and sheets Unit for processing thin boards Optional equipment for viscosity control unit Available in stock

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1984, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 285, KOLBUS PE 0 – Hot Foil Stamping and Embossing Machine for Hardcover Covers Identification Data • Manufacturer: Kolbus GmbH & Co. KG, Germany • Type: PE 0 • Serial number: 285 • Year of manufacture: 1984 Purpose and Technology • Purpose: Hot foil stamping and embossing on hardcover book covers • Operating principle: Flat press head – the cover is fed onto the working table, while the upper head performs the stamping • Capabilities: Hot foil stamping and blind stamping/embossing, depending on the installed tooling • Foils: Gold, silver, pigment, and other hot-foil materials Dkjdpfx Aez A A Azel Asu • Operating temperature: Approximately 130–170 °C, according to the markings on the machine, depending on the foil and application Construction and Equipment • Infeed and outfeed tables with conveyors on both sides of the press head • Automated cover feeding and transport • Belt drive with drive motor • Protective covers over the drive components • Control panel with buttons and selectors • Cycle counter • Safety devices and emergency stop buttons • Large flywheel – mechanical press operating principle • Mobile design for relocation within the production area Format and Productivity – Estimated • Format: Suitable for A5 and A4 size covers • Productivity: Approximately 1,000–2,000 impressions/hour • Productivity depends on: Format, type of foil, number of impressions per cover, impression length, and operating method Price: €14,000.00

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2011, Gathering element Kolbus ZU 832.A Year: 2011 Description: - Number of elements: 1 - Number of gathering stations: 3 - ATC thickness control Dkodpfx Ajzhvinjl Aju - Optical sheet control: Signalynx Please note: A total of 3 elements are available - if you are interested, please send us an enquiry Maximum size: 460 x 320 mm Minimum size: 105 x 105 mm Max. mechanical speed: up to 8.000 cycles/h

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2008, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 123, We are selling a fully functional Kolbus DA260 casemaking machine. The machine has approximately 12 million cycles. It comes with a CD containing the software. Testing of the machine in production is possible by arrangement. Dkjdpoyw Tc Tjfx Al Aeu

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2010, Gathering element(s) Kolbus ZU 832.A Year: 2010 Description: Dedpfxezhvn Rs Al Ajku - Number of elements: 1 - Number of gathering stations: 3 - ATC thickness control - Optical sheet control: Signalynx Maximum size: 460 x 320 mm Minimum size: 105 x 105 mm Max. mechanical speed: up to 8.000 cycles/h

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2011, Perfect binding line Kolbus KM 600 Year: 2011 Consisting of Gathering machine Kolbus ZU 804 Description: - Hand feeding station - Number of gathering stations: 20 - Optical sheet control: Sygna-Lynx - Air center: Becker - Set up element - Reject gate for incomplete products Perfect binder Kolbus KM 600 Product counter: approx. 12.800.000 Description: - Semi automatic setting - Co-Pilot with touch screen - Number of clamps: 21 - Main milling station - 1st spine preparation station - 2nd spine preparation station - Brushing station - Excluding dust extraction system, machine was connected to a centralised dust extraction system - Base for spine glue system - Hotmelt spine glue unit, interchangeable - Premelter for spine glue unit: LH 375 - Base for side glue system - Hotmelt side glue unit, interchangeable - Cover feeder: RA 49.A - 1st nipping and pressing station - 2nd nipping and pressing station - Lay down device (to the left) Transport system Kolbus - Transport system, length (approx): 20 mtr - Escape delivery Three knife trimmer Dkedpfx Aley Uvfrj Asu Kolbus HD 143.P Year: 2011 Product counter: approx. 12.570.000 Description: - Co-Pilot with touchscreen - Infeed conveyor from the right - Automatic hopper feeder for inline production - Cut counter - Product counter - Knife pre-setting device - Sets of knives: 2 - Exchangeable cutting tables (standard set) In the photos, you can also see a side stitching unit. This type of side stitching is mainly required for the production of school books in the Middle East. This unit is not included in the offered price but is available at an additional cost on request.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2015, Three knife trimmer Kolbus HD 143.P Year: 2015 For three side trimming of book blocks and brochures, used as an individual machine or as a unit within book production lines. Cycles: 12,9 mio Description: - Co-Pilot with touchscreen - Right hand infeed - Counter stacker Dksdpfozx S Riox Al Aju - Cut counter - Exchangeable cutting tables (standard set): (4-18) - Knife pre-setting device - Set of knife holders: 2 - Sets of knives: 2 Max. mechanical speed: up to 4.200 cuts/h Maximum size (uncutted): 450 x 320 x 80 mm Maximum size (cutted): 420 x 305 x 80 mm Minimum size (cutted): 100 x 100 x 2 mm Maximum pile height: 80 mm Note!: Specifications are subject to typographical errors and changes in comparable models by the manufacturer!