Used Doosan Milling Machining Centers - Vertical for sale (71,401)

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2010, operating hours: 115,503 h, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 1,270 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 670 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 625 mm, torque: 100 Nm, controller manufacturer: Fanuc, workpiece width (max.): 670 mm, workpiece weight (max.): 1,000 kg, total height: 2,940 mm, total width: 2,750 mm, table width: 670 mm, table length: 1,400 mm, table load: 1,000 kg, spindle speed (max.): 12,000 rpm, coolant supply: 8 bar, spindle motor power: 15,000 W, number of spindles: 1, number of slots in tool magazine: 30, input voltage: 420 V, type of input current: three-phase, Equipment: documentation/manual, BT 40. No chip conveyor. Prodpfeyx U Nwex Af Sob

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2016, functionality: fully functional, DOOSAN VCF-850LSR – 5-Axis CNC Machining Center with Moving Column – Year 2016 – HEIDENHAIN TNC-640 X/Y/Z Travels: 3,000 / 850 / 800 mm B-Axis: +110° / -110° C-Axis: 360° continuous X/Y/Z Rapid Traverse: 40 m/min Main Table: 3,500 x 870 mm Table Load Capacity: 3,500 kg Integrated Rotary Table: Ø 800 mm Max. Workpiece Size: Ø 1,050 x H 680 mm Spindle: ISO-40, 12,000 rpm Spindle Power: 32/24 kW Torque: 126.27 Nm Tool Changer: 60 positions Dimensions: 5,440 x 3,795 x H 3,205 mm Podsz Atymopfx Af Sorb Weight: 24,000 kg Machine is complete with chip conveyor, coolant tank with washing pumps, high-pressure through-spindle coolant system (CTS), linear scales on X/Y/Z axes, spindle cooling unit, Renishaw tool presetter and workpiece probe, mist extractor, three magnetic tables with zero-point clamping system, a set of tool holders and various tools, manuals, electrical diagrams, and EC/CE Declaration.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2012, travel -x axis 1.630 mm travel -y axis 762 mm travel -z axis 650 mm control FANUC - 0I-MD Prjdpfx Aozw N E Ijf Sob Spindle speed 12.000 min -1 weight of the machine ca. 13 t Milling machining centers - vertical | DOOSAN - DNM 750 equipped with 30-way tool changer, ITC (20 bar) and chip conveyor. The machine only has 13.686 spindle hours. The machine video from the production plant will be shared on request. Please refer to further technical details in the attachement of the offer. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - #Tags: DNM750 | DNM-750

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2013, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 762 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 508 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 610 mm, controller model: WinMax, spindle speed (max.): 12,000 rpm, TECHNICAL DETAILS Travel range, X-axis: 762 mm Travel range, Y-axis: 508 mm Travel range, Z-axis: 610 mm Spindle speed: 12,000 rpm Table area: 1,020 × 510 mm Table load capacity: 1,500 kg Prjdoz Ahx Djpfx Af Ssb MACHINE DETAILS Control system: WinMax EQUIPMENT Internal cooling system (ICS) Fourth axis

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2019, functionality: fully functional, ITALIAN — DOOSAN DVF-6500 Brand: DOOSAN Model: DVF-6500 Machine Type: 5-axis CNC machining center Year of construction: 2019 CNC control: Heidenhain TNC-640 X-axis travel: 750 mm Y-axis travel: 785 mm Prodpoz Atwfsfx Af Ssb Z-axis travel: 600 mm B-axis travel: -120° / +120° C-axis travel: 360° continuous Rapid traverse rates X / Y / Z axes: 45,000 mm/min Working feed rates X / Y / Z axes: 20,000 mm/min B-axis rapid speed: 25 rpm C-axis rapid speed: 50 rpm Spindle mounting: ISO-40 Tool holder and pull stud: DIN 69871 A40 – DIN 69872 A40 Maximum spindle speed: 18,000 rpm Maximum spindle power: 30 kW Maximum spindle torque: 155 Nm Tilting rotary table: Ø 650 × 600 mm Maximum workpiece size: Ø 840 × H 500 mm Maximum workpiece weight: 600 kg Tool magazine: 60 positions Maximum tool diameter with adjacent positions occupied / free: Ø 75 / 125 mm Maximum tool length: 300 mm Maximum tool weight: 8 kg Machine dimensions: 3,700 × 2,450 × H 3,100 mm Machine weight: 14,500 kg Chip conveyor: Included Coolant tank: Complete with washing pumps Through-spindle coolant (CTS): High-pressure pump with external unit Measuring systems: Heidenhain scales on X / Y / Z axes Cooling unit: For spindle Tool presetter: Renishaw Workpiece probe: Renishaw Mist extractor: Included Magnetic table: Included Zero point clamping system: Included Tooling: Set of shanks/pull studs and various tools Documentation: Manuals, electrical diagrams and CE Declaration ENGLISH — DOOSAN DVF-6500 Brand: DOOSAN Model: DVF-6500 Machine Type: 5-axis CNC machining center Year of manufacture: 2019 CNC control: Heidenhain TNC-640 X-axis travel: 750 mm Y-axis travel: 785 mm Z-axis travel: 600 mm B-axis travel: -120° / +120° C-axis travel: 360° continuous X / Y / Z rapid traverse: 45,000 mm/min X / Y / Z working feed: 20,000 mm/min B-axis rapid speed: 25 rpm C-axis rapid speed: 50 rpm Spindle taper: ISO-40 Tool holder / pull stud: DIN 69871 A40 – DIN 69872 A40 Maximum spindle speed: 18,000 rpm Maximum spindle power: 30 kW Maximum spindle torque: 155 Nm Tilting rotary table: Ø 650 × 600 mm Maximum workpiece size: Ø 840 × H 500 mm Maximum workpiece weight: 600 kg Tool changer: 60 positions Maximum tool diameter with adjacent positions occupied / free: Ø 75 / 125 mm Maximum tool length: 300 mm Maximum tool weight: 8 kg Machine dimensions: 3,700 × 2,450 × H 3,100 mm Machine weight: 14,500 kg Chip conveyor: Included Coolant tank: Complete with washing pumps Through-spindle coolant (CTS): High-pressure pump with external unit Measuring systems: Heidenhain scales on the X / Y / Z axes Cooling unit: For spindle Tool presetter: Renishaw Workpiece probe: Renishaw Mist extractor: Included Magnetic table: Included Zero point system: Included Tooling: Set of shanks/pull studs and various tooling Documentation: Manuals, electrical diagrams and CE declaration

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2017, operating hours: 2,742 h, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: MV0061-000661, travel distance X-axis: 762 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 516 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 570 mm, controller manufacturer: Fanuc, workpiece length (max.): 800 mm, workpiece width (max.): 550 mm, workpiece height (max.): 460 mm, total height: 2,580 mm, total length: 3,260 mm, total width: 3,130 mm, table width: 570 mm, table height: 880 mm, table length: 860 mm, overall weight: 9,200 kg, distance table center to spindle nose: 720 mm, spindle motor power: 15,000 W, number of slots in tool magazine: 30, input voltage: 380 V, type of input current: AC, Equipment: chip conveyor, documentation/manual, Doosan VC 510 (2017) – Vertical Machining Center with APC High-productivity 40-taper vertical machining center featuring a heavy-duty column-moving design and an integrated 2-pallet automatic pallet changer (APC). Pjdpfx Aoz Atqrof Sjrb Key Specifications: Year: 2017 Control: Fanuc Travels (X / Y / Z): 762 × 516 × 570 mm Pallet Size (×2): 860 × 570 mm (Rotary APC, ~6 sec swap) Max Workpiece Size: 800 × 550 × 460 mm Max Table Load: 350 kg per pallet Spindle Motor (kW): 15(30min)/11(CONT.) Max. Torque (Nm): 191.1(30min) Tool Changer (ATC): 30 Tools Rapid Traverse (X/Y/Z): 40 / 40 / 32 m/min Guideways: Heavy-duty Roller LM Guides Machine Weight: ~9,200 kg Excellent condition, fully maintained, and built for continuous high-speed production. Contact for inspection and further details.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2011, functionality: fully functional, DOOSAN DNM 400A – CNC vertical machining center, FANUC, year 2011 We offer for sale a DOOSAN DNM 400A CNC vertical machining center, equipped with a reliable DOOSAN-FANUC i Series control system. The machine is currently in operation and can be demonstrated and tested upon prior arrangement. Technical specifications: Manufacturer: Doosan Infracore Model: DNM 400A Year of manufacture: 05/2011 CNC control: DOOSAN-FANUC i Series X-axis travel: approx. 762 mm Y-axis travel: approx. 435 mm Z-axis travel: approx. 510 mm Work table dimensions: approx. 920 × 435 mm Max. table load: approx. 600 kg Spindle taper: BT40 / ISO 40 Max. spindle speed: approx. 8,000 rpm Automatic tool changer Coolant system Power supply: 380 V Rated power: approx. 27.4 kVA Machine weight: 4,500 kg Pjdpoz Dq Iusfx Af Ssrb A universal CNC vertical machining center suitable for both single-piece and series production. The combination of a robust DOOSAN design and a FANUC control system ensures easy operation and good service availability. The machine is powered on and can be demonstrated in operation.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2016, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 800 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 450 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 510 mm, feed rate X-axis: 36 m/min, feed rate Y-axis: 36 m/min, feed rate Z-axis: 36 m/min, controller manufacturer: FANUC, controller model: i Series + Easy Operation Package, total height: 2,950 mm, total length: 2,160 mm, total width: 2,615 mm, table width: 450 mm, table length: 1,000 mm, table load: 600 kg, overall weight: 5,000 kg, spindle speed (min.): 0 rpm, spindle speed (max.): 8,000 rpm, operating hours of spindle: 5,025 h, coolant supply: 20 bar, spindle motor power: 18,500 W, spindle nose: SK40 (DIN69871), number of spindles: 1, number of slots in tool magazine: 30, Equipment: chip conveyor, documentation/manual, We acquired this machine in working condition directly from the first owner, after it had completed its production cycle. The Doosan DNM 4500 from 2016, equipped with a FANUC control system, is a reliable 3-axis vertical CNC machining center. It is particularly suitable for general milling operations, working with steel/stainless steel/aluminum, and for series production. The machine will be fitted with 2 new original windows (currently on order)! Additional options & accessories: - Internal cooling (20 bar) - Electronic handwheel - DOOSAN Easy Operation Package Podozzdh Ejpfx Af Serb - Chip conveyor - HAIMER 3D probe - AOF mist extraction system - Oil skimmer - Preparation for a 4th axis - All original documentation.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2004, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 2,300 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 800 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 600 mm, controller model: Heidenhain iTNC 530, spindle speed (max.): 12,000 rpm, No minimum price – guaranteed sale to the highest bidder! TECHNICAL DETAILS Travel range, X-axis: 2,300 mm Travel range, Y-axis: 800 mm Travel range, Z-axis: 600 mm Work area, fixed table Work area, X-axis: 925 mm Work area, Y-axis: 800 mm Work area, Z-axis: 600 mm Clamping area: 1,400 × 750 mm Pedpfx Aez Epg Eof Sjrb Work area, rotary table Work area, X-axis: 780 mm Work area, Y-axis: 800 mm Work area, Z-axis: 600 mm Clamping area: 800 × 630 mm Tool holder: SK 40 Tool magazine: 30 positions Spindle speed: 50–12,000 rpm MACHINE DETAILS Control system: Heidenhain iTNC 530 Spindle: Kessler motor spindle EQUIPMENT 6th axis prepared Handheld control unit Internal cooling system with filter system Filter system: 500 l Chip conveyor Blum laser 2 extraction systems Machine hood

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2009, operating hours: 3,262 h, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 1072682, overall weight: 6,000 kg, HAAS VF-3SSHE CNC vertical machining center, manufactured in January 2009, available for sale. Condition: Excellent condition, fully operational, all inspections / services done. Visible features and equipment: • Inline direct-drive spindle • Maximum spindle speed: 12,000 rpm • High-speed tool changer • Through-spindle coolant (TSC) • Electrical supply: 360–480 V, three-phase, 50/60 Hz • HAAS CNC control Recorded operating hours: • Power On Time: 3,262 h 57 min • Cycle Start Time: 1,251 h 29 min • Feed Cutting Time: 1,103 h 02 min • M30 cycle count: 5,815 h The machine can be inspected in Baia Mare, Romania. Price: 38.500 EURO Pjdpfx Aoz Ag Nujf Serb Price does not include tools and spare parts.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2017, Traverses X Y Z; 1300 x 670 x 625mm, Table size 1500 x 670mm, maximum table load 1300 kgs. min-max height spindle to table 150-775mm, spindle speed 12,000rpm, Podozzzwqopfx Af Sorb spindle taper BT40, 30 station ATC spindle power 18.5 Kw, Fanuc OI series control, Through spindle coolant.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1990, x-travel 500 mm y-travel 300 mm z-travel 350 mm Predet Hwy Ejpfx Af Ssb total power requirement 12 kW weight of the machine ca. 3800 kg dimensions of the machine ca. m

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2004, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 560 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 410 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 410 mm, controller manufacturer: Siemens, spindle speed (max.): 12,000 rpm, TECHNICAL DETAILS Psdpfxsz Ahxqo Af Sorb Travel range X: 560 mm Travel range Y: 410 mm Travel range Z: 410 mm Clamping area: 650 × 410 mm Table load: 250 kg Spindle speed: 12,000 rpm Tool holder: SK 40 MACHINE DETAILS Control system: Siemens

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1997, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 1,660 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 510 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 510 mm, controller model: M+ Mazatrol, table load: 1,000 kg, TECHNICAL DETAILS Travel in the X-axis: 1,660 mm Travel in the Y-axis: 510 mm Travel in the Z-axis: 510 mm Table dimensions: 2,000 × 510 mm Table load capacity: max. 1,000 kg Spindle speed: 7,000 rpm Tool holder: SK 40 Tool magazine: 48 tools MACHINE DETAILS Prsdpoz Ahw Hofx Af Sjb Control system: M+ Mazatrol Machine weight approx.: 7,500 kg Space requirement approx.: 5 m² EQUIPMENT Chip conveyor: MAYFRAN 4th axis: Tilting rotary table: Rotamatik RM 100

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2018, travel -x axis 1.050 mm travel -y axis 570 mm travel -z axis 510 mm control HEIDENHAIN - TNC620 number of spindle speeds 12.000 U/min tool taper BT 40 table dimension (L x W) 1300 x 570 mm numbers of positions in the tool changer 30 Milling machining centers - vertical | DOOSAN - DNM 5700 equipped with 30-way tool changer, ITC cooling system and chip conveyor. The machine only has 13.600 spindle hours. The machine is in a well-maintained condition and has exclusively worked on Aluminum and Plastics. The machine video from the production plant will be shared on request. Please refer to further technical details in the attachement of the offer. Prsdpjw Dgcasfx Af Sjb - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - #Tags: DNM5700 | DNM-5700

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1992, x-travel 1000 mm y-travel 500 mm z-travel 700 mm table surface area 1250 x 700 mm spindle tunring speed 20 - 3.200 U/min main drive motor 22 kW quill stroke 100 mm distance spindlenose - table min./max. 138/600 mm Feed ( x / y / z) 3.000 mm/min rapid traverse ( x / y / z ) 60/50/60 m/min total power requirement 27 kW Used, sold without warranty Machine transport dimensions (LxWxH) approx.: 3900x2560x2550 mm Pallet/sheet metal transport dimensions (LxWxH) approx.: 1500x12000x600 mm Accessories, tools, and clamping devices shown are included in the scope of Prjdpezz S Rhsfx Af Sob delivery only if specified in the additional information. Subject to changes and errors in technical data and specifications; subject to prior sale!

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1998, Technical details: x-travel: 760 mm y-travel: 550 mm z-travel: 300 mm Psdeu Ndbpjpfx Af Sjrb control: Röders RMS 6 Vers. 2.70 spindle taper ISO: HSK E40 turning speed range: 42.000 stufenlos U/min spindle head swivable left - right: -52 ° / +5° (B-Achse) ° feed:: 0 - 30.000 mm/min Tool changer: 18-fach Werkzeuge + 2 places for Werkzeugvermessung Table dimensions: 860 x 550 mm table load capacity: 800 kp Number of working hours: siehe Foto h compressed air: 6,5 bar total power requirement: 20 kW weight approx.: 7000 kg dimension machine xH: 3,1 x 2,4 x 2,6 m dimension coolant device: ca. 0,6 x 0,8 x 0,7 m other features: Highspeed direct spindle digital axis drives AC servo motors ball screw spray cooling (microjet cooling jet and lubrication unit) working spindle Fischer MFW - 1230/42 up to 42.000 rpm tool measuring laser and probe system PS 25.00 Manual control unit Climatic cabinet Cooling water recooler Hyfra The machine can be demonstrated under power. *

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1989, x-travel 650 mm y-travel 410 mm Prsdpfxjx U A Rns Af Sjb z-travel 450 mm travel x vor 1000 mm control mc4va

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2013, operating hours: 11,048 h, functionality: unexamined, machine/vehicle number: 1160888, 1 Machining center, manufacturer: Haas, type: VM-3, serial number: 1160888, year of manufacture: 2013, 24-tool changer, probing system, manufacturer: RENISHAW, coolant through spindle, operating hours: 11,048. Predpfxez E Hr Ss Af Sjb

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2008, x-travel 1500 mm Pjdpeux Agvsfx Af Sorb y-travel 800 mm z-travel 700 mm table surface area 1760 x 700 mm spindle taper SK 40 spindle turning speed - stepless 8000 U/min spindle drive 15 kW feeds 1 - 8000 mm/min rapid traverse X/Y/Z axis 15 / 15 / 12 m/min table load max. 2500 kg spindle throat 760 mm ATC 40 Pos control HEIDENHAIN, TNC 530 weight of the machine ca. 12,5 t dimensions of machine L x W x H 4,23 x 2,98 x 2,74 m - with coolant through spindle Accessories: NC-dividing unit (=4th Axis) with tailstock, center height 250 mm; 2 hydr. vices make HILMA, model NC 160, width of jaws 160 mm; various tool holders, chip conveyor, coolant - geometrical overhauled in 2022 - - new ball bearing spindle installed on Y-axis in NOV. 2022 - - the magnetic plates shown on the photo are not included -

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2008, x-travel 1035 mm y-travel 560 mm z-travel 510 mm Control Heidenhain type iTNC 530 table surface area 1400x650 mm workpiece weight 1000 kg Tool changer . spindle taper ISO SK40 Spindle capacity 10 KW turning speeds 8000 U/min total power requirement 20 kVA weight of the machine ca. . t dimensions of the machine ca. . m Serial number: 15425033554 Chip conveyor 2 hydraulic vises Prodsyqvh Rspfx Af Ssb Operating hours: 53005 Spindle hours: 12233 The tech. Data are manufacturer or operator information and therefore non- binding. We reserve the right to prior sale; Our terms and conditions of sale apply exclusively. About us More than 400 of our own machines in stock Over 15,000 m² of storage space, 70 t crane capacity More than 10,000 items and accessories for your workshop If you are interested in selling machines, production lines, or your business, please contact us. You can find further offers on our website. Tours are possible by appointment. We look forward to your visit. Your Markus Hirsch Team

Condition: reconditioned (used), Year of construction: 2022, functionality: fully functional, CNC Vertical Machining Center “DECKEL MAHO M 1” With Siemens 828 D Shop Mill control Year of manufacture: 2022, Commissioning: 9/2023 Travel ranges: X 550, Y 550, Z 510 Spindle speed range: 20 – 12,000 rpm, stepless With the following accessories: Fixed angular table, 850 mm x 650 mm clamping surface Vertical tool changer with 24 magazine positions (SK 40) IKZ 20 bar Electronic handwheel 3D measuring probe Renishaw PP 40 Prjdpfxez A D Dmj Af Sjb Tool length measurement Renishaw TS27R Full protection enclosure with sliding doors and interior lighting Coolant system Chip conveyor Oil mist extraction Coolant spray gun 3 adjustable machine feet Operating manuals THE MACHINE IS IN EXCELLENT CONDITION!

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2020, Brother C-00 control system Pedpfoz Hfprjx Af Sjrb Travel ranges X/Y/Z: 650 x 400 x 435 mm Dual pallet changer, 800 x 400 mm Spindle speed: 16,000 rpm Tool magazine for 40 tools, BT 30 Coolant pressure: 70 bar 3D measuring probe, OMP 40 Electronic handwheel Chip conveyor

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1995, x-travel 650 mm y-travel 410 mm z-travel 410 mm Pjdpfx Afezz S R Us Sorb Control Mitsubishi Meldas 50 M max. turning speeds 6.000 min/-1 tool taper SK 40 Used, untested Additional information – Machine weight: approx. 4,200 kg Dimensions (L x W x H): approx. 2,400 x 2,400 x 2,500 mm Accessories, tools, and clamping devices shown are included in the scope of delivery only if specified in the additional information. Subject to changes and errors in technical data and specifications, as well as prior sale!

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2008, functionality: fully functional, The Depo/ZPS machining center features an overhead gantry, meaning that all machine movements are performed by the tool. As a result, the mass of the workpiece and clamping device remains constant during machining. Year of manufacture: 2008 Spindle hours approx. 3,500 h (after spindle replacement in 2023) Control system: - Heidenhain iTNC 530 - Heidenhain HR 410 handwheel Pedpoy Hp Rrofx Af Ssrb - Swiveling control panel with 15.1" monitor - Integrated Ethernet interface Technical Data Travel ranges: X 1,000 mm, Y 900 mm, Z 600 mm Work table: - 1,200 mm x 1,000 mm - Max. workpiece weight: 3,000 kg - Max. workpiece size: 1,000 mm x 800 mm x 700 mm Milling spindle: - Continuous power: 30 kW - Speed range: 1-18,000 rpm - Torque S1/100%: 80 Nm - Tool holder: HSK 63 form A - Main spindle jacket cooling - Air through spindle center for tool cooling (ILZ) - Coolant with 40 bar through the spindle (IKZ) Axes feed rates: - X, Y, Z axis feed up to 40 m/min - X, Y, Z axis rapid traverse up to 40 m/min Tool changer with double-arm gripper: - Number of tools in drum magazine (outside working area): 38 - Max. tool diameter: 80/115 mm - Max. tool length: 250 mm Tool and workpiece measurement for automatic tool and part size adjustment: - Tool radius and length measurement - Tool breakage detection - Blum laser for component measurement (Inspect) Disposal system: - Gooseneck slat conveyor - (Chip cart to be provided by buyer) Additional equipment: - Minimum quantity lubrication Minibooster 2 - Machine enclosure with full-area protective covers - Crane loading possible by unhooking the chip protection device at the front - Workspace lighting with two fluorescent lamps on the side walls Machine data: - Space requirement including service areas (LxWxH): approx. 5,000 mm x 4,220 mm x 3,830 mm - Machine weight incl. additional units: approx. 13,000 kg - Connected load: 45 kVA, 400V, 50 Hz This machining center is located in a precision tool and mold making shop. It is exceptionally well-equipped with practical features and is in very good condition. The Depo/ZPS Dynamic 1009 operates precisely and reliably. There is no maintenance or repair backlog.