Used Tmf Zusammentragmaschine / Gatherer for sale (178)

Year of construction: 1997, condition: ready for operation (used), 25276F Müller Martini Prima Saddle stitchers with feeder and trimmer Machine number 91.06606 Built in 1997 Size max 480 x 320 mm Size untrimmed max 480 x 320 mm min 153 x 108 mm Size trimmed max 475 x 300 mm min 148 x 105 mm Product thickness max 13 mm Speed max 13.000 c/h Number of heads max 6 Equipment gathering chain & feeder • 9 station gathering track & chain • 8 feeders 370 • 1 cover folder feeder 1529 stitching unit Iodjd Nvtpspfx Ah Eetl • semko • 2 stitching heads three knife trimmer • three knife trimmer 360 knives • 2 sets of knives

Condition: good (used), Rebuilt: 2015 Size: 480 x 325 mm Speed: 14.000 c/h Equipment: gathering chain & feeder: • 7 station gathering track & chain • 6 feeders 345 • 1 cover folder feeder 1528 stitching unit & trimmer: • stitching unit 300 • 2 stitching heads HK 75 • three knife trimmer 251 • 2 sets of knives Itsdpfsdympcex Ah Eol delivery: • belt delivery

Condition: ready for operation (used), Size max 310 x 440 mm min 105 x 150 mm Speed max 10.000 c/h Equipment gathering chain & feeder • 6 station gathering track & chain • 6 feeders E 6-50 stitching unit • stitching unit JG • wire unwind device • thickness control/ plus-minus • 2 stitching heads HK 75 three knife trimmer • three knife trimmer DSS Itsdjd Hmzdopfx Ah Esl knives • 2 sets of knives

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1995, Format: max 510 x 310 x 60 mm; min 140 x 100 x 3 mm Book block thickness: max 60 mm; min 3 mm Cover format: max 642 mm; min 203 mm Iedpfxoquuxbe Ah Eotl Output: max 12,000 c/h Equipment Gathering machine - 15 stations - 15 feeders 201 S - Vibrating element 3642 Perfect binder - 23 Tongs - Pincer pitch 24" - Vibrating station - Milling and roughening station - Hotmelt back gluing unit - Hotmelt side gluing unit - 2 premelters - Shingled cover feeder - 2nd SF cover pressing - Laydown device

Year of construction: 1998, condition: used, Built in 1998 Size max 460 x 310 x 60 mm min 125 x 100 x 3 mm Book block thickness max 60 mm min 3 mm Speed max 6.000 c/h Equipment gathering machine • 16 stations • gatherer ZU 801 • machine number gatherer 376 • -connected with perfect binder • 17 clamps • milling and roughening station • brushing station • hotmelt spine gluing unit • hotmelt side gluing unit • 2 premelters Isdpfx Aodix Rxsh Estl • stream cover feeder • cover scoring • cover pressing station • smooth lay down device • - option - not included • PURt spine gluing unit

Year of construction: 1995, condition: good (used), Built in 1995 Size: max 480 x 320 mm Size untrimmed with lap: max 480 x 320 mm Size untrimmed without lap: max 400 x 290 mm Size trimmed with lap: max 470 x 300 mm min 148 x 75 mm Speed: max 12.000 c/h Power requirements: 11-18 kW (220/380V, 50Hz) Equipment gathering chain & feeder: 6 station gathering track & chain 5 feeder 306 Ijdpfegmr Nzsx Ah Estl 1 folder feeder 1528 stitching unit: stitching unit 335 wire unwind device thickness control/ plus-minus 2 stitching heads HK 75 trimmer: trimmer 360 knives 2 sets of knives

Condition: used, Karten- und Warenprobenkleber - Card and Product Sample Adhesive Kolbus KI 224 ZU Baujahr / Year 2003 - Serial-No. 356009 For cards, envelopes, bags and booklets of the following formats: Für Karten, Umschläge, Taschen und Hefte in folgenden Formaten: Format / Size min. 40 x 60mm - max. 220 x 350mm Geschwindigkeit / put 18.000 Ex/h (depending on type, size and  properties of base and product up to) Heißleim Schmelzgerät / Hot Glue (commercial products) Nordon 3100V-3EA Aufbau, zum Anbau an der Zusammentragmaschine, Design / compat appliance for attachment to a collating machine Antrieb über Zahnriemen von der Hauptwelle zur ZU 840 / Drive toothed belt from main shaft to ZU 840 Iedowqftkjpfx Ah Eetl Steuerung: Elektronische, interaktive Mikroprozessor-basierte Steuerung mit Einstellung von Vorlaufzeit und Leimstreifenlänge /  Control: micro-processor based control unit with adjustment of lead-time and length of the glue  Online-Video-Inspection by WhatsApp - MS Zoom - Telegram On Stock Emskirchen/Nürnberg - Available Immediately - Can be test

Condition: good (used), Size max 510 x 305 x 60 mm Size min 140 x 100 x 3 mm Cover size max 642 mm Cover size min 203 mm Speed max 12.000 c/h Equipment gathering machine • 18 stations Itjdpfx Asd R Ecpjh Eel • 18 feeders 3661-210 SF intermediate elements • spiral race away • jogging element perfect binder • 25 clamps • clamp pitch 24" • milling and roughening station • hot melt spine gluing unit • hot melt side gluing unit • premelter • SF stream cover feeder • SF cover nipping and pressing station • lay down device

Year of construction: 1995, condition: ready for operation (used), Built in: 1995 Size: 483 x 315 mm Speed: 15.000 c/h Isdpfsdyk Rkex Ah Estl Equipment: gathering chain: • 10 stations chain • 9 P 15 feeder • 1 folder feeder 557 • 5 streamfeeder • streamfeeder (type) Prim Hall stitching unit & trimmer: • stitching unit 805 • thickness control plus/ minus • 2 stitching heads • trimmer • 2 sets of knives

Condition: ready for operation (used), Size: 510 x 290 x 65 mm Speed: 10.000 c/h Equipment: gathering machine: • chain tensioner with hand feeding station controls: • missing and double sheet control intermediate elements: • spiral raceway • hand fed • jogging element • book block feeder • endsheet feeder perfect binder: • 32 clamps • jogging station • resting table • fold pressing station • milling and roughening station • hotmelt spine gluing unit • cam controlled • trolley spine gluing unit • PVA (cold glue) side gluing unit • premelter • gauzing station • stream cover feeder • cover scoring • cover pressing station Itsdpfx Ajdyk N Tjh Esl • 2. cover pressing station • lay down device

Year of construction: 1997, condition: good (used), Built in: 1997 Size: 311 x 355 mm Speed: 9.000 c/h Equipment: gathering chain & feeder: • 8 stations chain • with double feeder • 1 folder feeder stitching unit & trimmer: Itedpfedym Stex Ah Ejl • stitching unit • 2 stitching heads • trimmer • belt delivery with counter

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2025, SCHORR RR1000KB PETROL-POWERED SWEEPER INCLUDING SNOW BLADE AND COLLECTION CONTAINER SWEEPING MACHINE PETROL ◾ Impressive cleaning performance for outdoor applications ◾ Powerful 6.5 HP 4-stroke petrol engine – ready to use even in cold weather ◾ Robust sweeper with 100 cm working width – ideal for large courtyards, paths & expansive areas ◾ Includes snow blade, collection container & snow chains – suitable for year-round use, including winter maintenance Itodpfx Ajw Af I Sjh Eol ◾ Effortless operation – user-friendly, requires minimal effort ◾ Adjustable brush angle (left / right / straight) – efficient cleaning in all directions ◾ 3 forward gears & 1 reverse gear for optimum maneuverability ◾ Large-tread pneumatic wheels with differential lock – excellent grip on any surface ◾ Fully supported: Guaranteed spare parts supply & workshop service Maximum cleaning performance – all year round The SCHORR RR1000KB is a high-performance petrol sweeper, providing versatile all-round support on farmyards, walkways, or company premises. With a reliable 4-stroke petrol engine (196 cm³), you remain independent of weather or mains power – simply start up and go, even in frosty conditions. 100 CM SWEEPING WIDTH FOR LARGE AREAS & PRISTINE RESULTS Thanks to its wide sweeping brush with wear-resistant synthetic bristles, this petrol broom easily handles leaves, dirt, grit, spreading material, or even snow. The sweeper is perfectly suited for year-round use on driveways, pavements, forecourts, or industrial yards. The brush rotation is powerful and consistent, ensuring even compacted dirt is thoroughly removed. Built for tough outdoor applications Coarse-tread pneumatic tyres with differential lock guarantee optimal traction, even in damp or icy conditions. The robust steel frame delivers outstanding resistance to impacts and vibrations – ideal for daily, intensive use. Designed with maintenance in mind: all key components are easily accessible. COMPLETE SOLUTION WITH SNOW BLADE & COLLECTION CONTAINER Supplied with a heavy-duty snow blade featuring a rubber edge, which can be installed in just a few steps. Matching snow chains for both drive wheels are also included in the delivery. Also convenient: the large debris collection container efficiently gathers swept material. This saves time and effort, as no follow-up sweeping is needed. The motorised sweeping broom features a reliable 4-speed transmission with 3 forward and 1 reverse gear, allowing you to select the ideal speed and direction at any time. The brush unit is pivotable. Technical Data Manufacturer (Short Code): SCHORR Manufacturer’s Model: RR1000KB Fuel type: Petrol Engine: 1 cylinder 4-stroke petrol OHV Power: 6.5 HP Main brush diameter: 1000 mm Brush rotation speed: 180 - 350 rpm Starter: Recoil starter Weight: 81 kg Main Dimensions Overall length: 1480 mm Overall width: 1100 mm Overall height: 1250 mm

Condition: good (used), Gathering machine POLIGRAPH 39 3/4 -2, manufactured in 1955, machine number 5743, in good condition, immediately available. Iodohawuyopfx Ah Eotl

Condition: used, machine/vehicle number: 19138, Zusammentragmaschine / Collating Machine PLOCKMATIC 310Baujahr / Year 1998 - Serial-No. 310034919 10 Staionen Zusammentragmaschine / 10 Stations Collating Machine Itsdjh Axwzjpfx Ah Esl Mit einem angebundenen Rüttler zig/zag / Delivery Jogger with an online zig/zag unit Panel Operation and Controls, Stau / Jamming Doppelbogen- und Fehlbogenkontrolle / double-sheet and no-sheet control Pre-set counter - Full receiving Tray Handnbücher / ManualsElektrischer Anschlusswert / Electrics 230 V - 2 ph Online-Video-Inspection by Skype-Video We would be very pleased with your visit - more machines on Stock Available Immediately - Can be inspect On Stock Emskirchen / Nürnberg - Can be test

Year of construction: 1997, condition: used, Size: max 460 x 310 x 60 mm; min 125 x 100 x 3 mm Book block thickness: max 60 mm; min 3 mm Speed: max 6.000 c/h Equipment gathering machine • 16 stations • gatherer ZU 801 controls • missing and double sheet control intermediate elements Itedpsb Hppfjfx Ah Eol • spiral raceway • hand fed • jogging element • criss-cross delivery • -connected with perfect binder • 21 clamps • jogging station • milling and roughening station • hotmelt spine gluing unit • hotmelt side gluing unit • premelter • gauzing station • stream cover feeder • cover scoring 2 to 6 lines • cover pressing station • lay down device • shingle conveyor delivery conveyor system • conveyor system ca. 20m • connected with three knife trimmer • conveyor belt to trimmer optionales Equipment:--not included-- • - Opticontrol signature image reader

Condition: ready for operation (used), Size: 330 x 260 mm Speed: 18.000 c/h Equipment: • 9 station gathering track & chain • 8 Baldwin stream feeders stitching unit & trimmer: • stitching unit 301 • wire unwind device • thickness control/ plus-minus Itjdpfx Aedyk Raeh Ejl • 2 stitching heads • trimmer • copy control 4312

Condition: ready for operation (used), Built in 1995/2000 Size max 480 x 320 mm Size untrimmed with lap max 480 x 320 mm Size untrimmed without lap max 400 x 290 mm Size trimmed with lap max 470 x 300 mm min 148 x 75 mm Speed max 12.000 c/h Equipment gathering chain & feeder • 4 station gathering track & chain • 3 feeder 279 • 1 folder feeder 1529 stitching unit • stitching unit 335 • wire unwind device • thickness control/ plus-minus • 2 stitching heads HK 75 trimmer • trimmer 360 Itsdpsd Hivmefx Ah Eol • knives • 2 sets of knives

Year of construction: 2015, condition: good (used), Rebuilt: 2015 Size: max 510 x 305 x 60 mm min 140 x 100 x 3 mm Cover size: max 640 mm min 203 mm Speed max: 10.000 c/h Equipment gathering machine: 18 feeders 210 controls: miss and double sheet control Itsdsd Afayjpfx Ah Eol intermediate elements: spiral race away jogging element perfect binder: 20 clamps clamp pitch 24" milling and roughening station hot melt spine gluing unit hot melt side gluing unit 2 premelters S stream cover feeder S cover nipping and pressing station

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, functionality: fully functional, STREET VACUUM CLEANER “ CITY ANT AQUA “ Equipment for cleaning urban areas, streets, sidewalks, parks, stadiums, railway stations, airports, parking lots, industrial areas from different waste. Street vacuum cleaner City Ant works on electrical accumulators which provide 9-hour autonomous work. It can be charged in the nighttime from the 220V. Easy-to-push vacuum cleaner can be used by one hand, noiseless. Changing the trash bag takes only 2-3 minutes. No air pollution. It can take all the waste: wood, steel, plastic, paper, carton pieces, textile waste, leaves, cigarette butt, cans and bottles (glass, plastic and metal) etc. City Ant fits different areas: concrete, asphalt, pavement, lawn, sand, etc. Technical specifications: - Electric motor - 48V / 1200W - 48V / 1200W electric drive - enabling forward and reverse travel - Waste collector type - hopper; - Vacuum power 1.2 Kw; - Maximum speed 6 km/h; - Hopper capacity 240l; - Vacuum hose Ø 125 mm; - Vacuum hose length 2,5 m; - Autonomous work time 8 h; - Charging time 10-12 h; - Wheels Ø 320mm; - Doble nebulizers; - Dust filter with an area of 16 m²; - Hill climb up to 25% - Possibility of overcoming curbs by 15 cm. - Sprayer: 2 - external and internal. - Warning lamp Price- 11500, 00 Euro + aqua function 1000 Euro netto The CITY BEETLE is a professional electric street cleaning trolley designed for the efficient and effortless collection and sorting of litter gathered from pedestrian streets, pavements, alleys, parks and the surrounding areas of various sites. It ensures many hours of uninterrupted work without physical strain, even during long shifts. Features • The trolley holds up to 20 litres of liquid and is equipped with special mounts for securing cleaning equipment. • It easily passes through turnstiles at bus and train stations. • The battery can be charged anywhere using a standard 230 V socket. • Special mounts allow tools to be easily attached to the trolley. Key benefits of the CITY BEETLE street cleaning trolley: Mobility: speed of up to 6 km/h for quick cleaning of large areas Environmental friendliness: safe for people and the environment Versatility: collects and sorts waste, washes away dirt with water Cost-effectiveness: low energy consumption and minimal maintenance Safe operation: electromagnetic brakes, optimal tyre pressure, IP54 protection Technical specifications: • Dimensions: 2300 × 1500 × 1200 mm • Weight: 410 kg (empty) • Main waste container: 1 × 240 l • Additional waste containers: 2 × 120 l • Water tanks: 2 × 10 l • Spray angle adjustment: Available • Motor power: 1.2 kW • Battery runtime: Up to 8 hours without recharging • Charging time: 10–12 hours • Wet cleaning function • Noise level: 65 dB Isdpfx Ahevrilue Ejtl • Wheel size: Ø320/Ø400 mm, with electromagnetic brakes for safe operation • Tilt angle: up to 10° • Protection class: IP54 (dust- and water-resistant) • Pump capacity: 3.6 l/min • Maximum pressure: 0.6 MPa

Condition: new, Equipment: dust extraction, For all industrial processes where dust and coarse particles are generated, the clean air dust extractors of the AL-KO CLEAN UNIT D series are the right choice. Thanks to their powerful fans and highly effective filter cartridges, these mobile extraction units ensure clean air in metalworking as well as in the plastics, food, and chemical industries. Functionality: Dust and coarse particles are extracted directly at the machine or via capture hoods and conveyed through a suction line to the inlet of the AL-KO CLEAN UNIT D. In a generously dimensioned pre-separation chamber, coarse particles are separated. The downstream filter cartridges of dust class 'M' filter out the remaining fine dust particles. The differential pressure-controlled filter cleaning system removes adhering particles from the filter cartridges even during continuous operation. Venturi nozzles on the filter cartridges enhance the cleaning effect, ensuring consistent suction power and a long filter service life. The collected dust is gathered in an easily maneuverable container with an integrated collection bag, enabling low-dust disposal. The purified air is returned to the workspace via the top of the unit. Applications: - Direct extraction of dust and chips - Suitable for single or multiple workstations - For connection to machines, extraction tables, booths, and ducting Itedpfx Aowwkrfsh Ejl - For metal and plastics processing and many other industries - For grinding, polishing, filling processes, and more Advantages: - High suction performance due to an efficient fan and cleanable filters with a long service life - Suitable for a wide range of applications - Extremely quiet thanks to highly effective sound insulation - IE3 motors for high energy efficiency - Plug-and-play

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2023, Storage location number: 100591044 Iedezkzd Aopfx Ah Estl Transport dimensions (L x W x H): 0 x 0 x 0 ---- Emergency power supply – without sockets, for stationary operation only.

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2026, The CITY BEETLE is a professional electric street cleaning trolley designed for the efficient and effortless collection and sorting of litter gathered from pedestrian streets, pavements, alleys, parks and the surrounding areas of various sites. It ensures many hours of uninterrupted work without physical strain, even during long shifts. Features • The trolley holds up to 20 litres of liquid and is equipped with special mounts for securing cleaning equipment. • It easily passes through turnstiles at bus and train stations. • The battery can be charged anywhere using a standard 230 V socket. • Special mounts allow tools to be easily attached to the trolley. Key benefits of the CITY BEETLE street cleaning trolley: Mobility: speed of up to 6 km/h for quick cleaning of large areas Environmental friendliness: safe for people and the environment Versatility: collects and sorts waste, washes away dirt with water Cost-effectiveness: low energy consumption and minimal maintenance Safe operation: electromagnetic brakes, optimal tyre pressure, IP54 protection Technical specifications: • Dimensions: 2300 × 1500 × 1200 mm • Weight: 410 kg (empty) • Main waste container: 1 × 240 l • Additional waste containers: 2 × 120 l • Water tanks: 2 × 10 l • Spray angle adjustment: Available • Motor power: 1.2 kW • Battery runtime: Up to 8 hours without recharging • Charging time: 10–12 hours • Wet cleaning function • Noise level: 65 dB • Wheel size: Ø320/Ø400 mm, with electromagnetic brakes for safe operation • Tilt angle: up to 10° • Protection class: IP54 (dust- and water-resistant) • Pump capacity: 3.6 l/min • Maximum pressure: 0.6 MPa ‘CITY ANT AQUA’ STREET VACUUM CLEANER Equipment for cleaning urban areas, streets, pavements, parks, stadiums, railway stations, airports, car parks and industrial zones of various types of waste. The City Ant street vacuum cleaner runs on rechargeable batteries, providing 9 hours of autonomous operation. It can be charged overnight from a 220 V mains supply. Easy to use, the vacuum cleaner can be operated with one hand and is quiet. Replacing the dust bag takes just 2–3 minutes. It does not pollute the air. It can collect all types of waste: wood, steel, plastic, paper, pieces of cardboard, textile waste, leaves, cigarette butts, cans and bottles (glass, plastic and metal), etc. The City Ant is suitable for various surfaces: concrete, asphalt, paving stones, grass, sand, etc. Technical specifications: - Electric motor - 48 V / 1200 W - 48 V / 1200 W electric drive - provides forward and reverse movement - Waste collection type - hopper; Ijdpfx Ahet If A De Eetl - Vacuum cleaner power 1.2 kW; - Maximum speed 6 km/h; - Hopper capacity 240 l; - Vacuum hose Ø 125 mm; - Vacuum hose length 2.5 m; Lrs Drt Hajvriluezoi - Operating time 8 hours; - Charging time 10–12 hours; - Wheels Ø 320 mm; - Dual spray nozzles; - Dust filter area 16 m²; - Climbing ability up to 25% - Capable of clearing kerbs up to 15 cm high. - Spray nozzles: 2 – one external and one internal. - Indicator light

Condition: new, The powerful, mobile welding fume extractors AL-KO CLEAN UNIT F are the ideal solution for extracting welding fumes during manual welding, at automated welding stations, or with welding robots. Function: The welding fumes generated at the welding site are captured via extraction arms and hoods, among other means, and conveyed through a duct to the inlet of the AL-KO CLEAN UNIT F. In a large pre-separation chamber, coarse particles are first separated out. The subsequently arranged filter cartridges of dust class “M” filter out the remaining fine dust particles. During extraction operation, the differential pressure-controlled filter cleaning system removes adhering particles from the filter cartridges. Venturi nozzles on the filter cartridges maximize the cleaning efficiency, ensuring consistently high suction power and a long filter service life. A volumetric flow monitor continuously controls the required suction capacity and issues a warning if the nominal value is undercut. The collected dust is gathered in an easily mobile container. The cleaned air is recirculated into the room via the top of the unit. Applications: - For all welding applications with unalloyed or low-alloyed steel - Usable as extraction at individual welding stations and at duct systems with several extraction points - Extraction at fixed-position hoods and welding tables Advantages: - Consistently high suction power thanks to an efficient fan and long-life cleanable filters Isdjwwkvqopfx Ah Ejtl - Extremely quiet due to high-performance sound insulation - Suitable for individual welding stations and for connection to duct systems - IE3 motors for high energy efficiency - Wide performance range - Optional accessories for various welding applications

Condition: new, Efficient extraction of cooling and lubricating fluids directly at the machining center Itedpjwwt Tlofx Ah Ejl The two standard units, AL-KO OIL JET 600 and OIL JET 1200, are the ideal solution for direct extraction of oil and emulsion mist from all common turning, grinding, and milling machines. Application areas: AL-KO OIL JET units are used wherever oil and emulsion mist generated during the machining process needs to be directly extracted from the workspace of modern metal-cutting machines. Depending on workspace size, operating time, and the type of coolant used, either the OIL JET 600 or the more powerful OIL JET 1200 is selected. AL-KO OIL JET units are compatible with all standard coolants and lubricants and are installed directly onto the machine tool or positioned alongside on an optional mounting column. Functionality: The highly efficient filter system of AL-KO OIL JET units features, as standard, a three-stage filtration process that removes emulsion content and material particles from the extracted air. 1st stage: Washable metal mesh filter 2nd stage: Filter mat (LoTex®) with frame 3rd stage: Main filter cassette (ePM1 80%) The first stage separates coarse particles. The second stage, made from a nanocoated, drained mat, separates and channels away emulsion content. The third stage filters out the finest residual particles. Emulsion collected mainly in the second filter stage is gathered in the lower part of the unit and can be drained off. Applications: - Lathes - Machine tools - Metal-cutting machines Advantages: - Compact design - High separation efficiency thanks to three-stage filtration - Energy-efficient EC motors - Simple, tool-free filter replacement - Numerous options

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2026, load capacity: 2,500 kg, lifting height: 3,400 mm, free lift: 100 mm, load center: 600 mm, fuel type: diesel, mast type: telescopic, power: 35 kW (47.59 HP), motor manufacturer: Yanmar Stage III and V, gearing type: hydrostat, fork carriage width: 1,298 mm, fork length: 1,200 mm, fork width: 122 mm, fork thickness: 40 mm, turning radius (inner): 2,700 mm, front tire type: pneumatic tires (air-filled), front tire size: 10x16,5 IND 10, rear tire type: pneumatic tires (air-filled), rear tire size: 10x16,5 IND 10, total height: 2,296 mm, total length: 3,209 mm, total width: 2,406 mm, color: green, Equipment: CE marking, adjustable boom, all wheel drive, cabin, fork extension, front guard, full service history, head guard, lighting, pallet forks, retractable fork, sideshift, TMF25D LET’S GET TO KNOW IT BETTER Truck-mounted forklifts are designed to travel with the delivery vehicle, providing on-the-go material handling without the need for external lifting equipment. Their compact andlightweight design ensures easy transportation, allowing operators to unload goodsanywhere, even in remote or hard-to-reach locations. Itedpfxex Thcgs Ah Eol With all-terrain capabilities, they canoperate on uneven surfaces, construction sites, or tight urban spaces, making deliveriesmore flexible and efficien