Used Moroni Spnd 80 for sale (16,846)

Condition: refurbished (used), Year of construction: 2016, operating hours: 5,846 h, load capacity: 2,500 kg, lifting height: 122 mm, fuel type: electric, mast type: simplex, construction height: 1,374 mm, FRIEDMANN FORKLIFTS – REMADE FOR ACTION WE ARE HERE FOR YOU. WITH COMMITMENT, PASSION, AND EXPERTISE. Used industrial trucks from selected premium manufacturers – fully serviced, tested, and professionally refurbished by us according to FEM-4.004 (UVV) standards. Over 350 vehicles in stock Custom modifications of any type possible to meet customer requirements. International transport with suitable vehicles and customs clearance available upon request. See for yourself and visit us at our facility. Hjdpey Rm Atsfx Ag Iefg Friedmann Forklifts – Our Quality Promise Full functionality according to FEM-4.004 Serviced & tested (C5-test) battery for electric units (minimum 70% capacity)

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2007, operating hours: 14,000 h, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 2,300 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 800 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 600 mm, controller manufacturer: Heidenhain 530, controller model: Heidenhain ITNC 530, rotational speed (min.): 8,000 rpm, spindle speed (min.): 8,000 rpm, coolant supply: 20 bar, number of spindles: 1, input voltage: 29 V, Equipment: chip conveyor, documentation/manual, rotational speed infinitely variable, Hedelius C80, used, fully operational. The machine has always been maintained by Hedelius over the years to keep it up to standard. (New spindle, new guides, etc. – invoices and documentation available) Spindle hours: 14,000 h 3-axis machining Coolant filtration system Pendulum operation, mountable partition available Heidenhain 530 ICS 20 bar (internal cooling) Handwheel Measuring probe SK 40 Tool changer Total weight: 15 t, Transport dimensions approx. 6500x3000x3000 mm Hfsdpfx Ajy Rmv Hsg Ieg

Condition: new, neu ca. 2 Wochen ab Auftragse 257.02 € 80 mm 28 mm 120 mm 12 kg [felix] 2.0 Easy and safe drilling operations - Thanks to the innovative machine vice by Felix Röwekamper. The machine vice for freely adjustable clamping of the workpiece. Hfjdeyukbmepfx Ag Iog Simple, fast, secure and superior in use. With two hand movements the vice is clamped on the drilling machine table, precisely and safely adjusted. Prism jaws with shoulder and horizontal and vertical holding recesses to clamp a wide range of workpieces Hardened and precision ground clamping jaws No additional clamping devices necessary

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2006, operating hours: 1,609 h, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 61008195, clamping force: 800 kN, screw diameter: 40 mm, clearance between the columns: 420 mm, displacement volume: 201 cm³, injection pressure: 2,500 bar, injection weight: 183 g, mold height (min.): 400 mm, ejector force: 22,600 N, ejector stroke: 150 mm, opening stroke: 750 mm, total length: 3,960 mm, total width: 1,480 mm, total height: 2,020 mm, overall weight: 3,550 kg, heating capacity: 10.9 kW (14.82 HP), drive type: Hadraulisch, clear span: 470 mm, tool weight: 1,000,000 g, Injection Moulding Machines Direct from the Manufacturer! As the manufacturer KraussMaffei, we offer you our inspected and versatile stock machines: The fully hydraulic CX series features particularly compact, efficient, and flexible two-platen machines. The very compact two-platen concept with cantilevered clamping provides generous space for peripheral equipment and optimal accessibility. Efficient and intelligent energy management with BluePower servo drive provides a powerful foundation to meet the highest demands and delivers the right solution for every application. TECHNICAL DATA: KM 80 / 380 CX G01 (Order 38648713) CONTROL SYSTEM • MC6 with TFT colour touchscreen with multitouch functionality CLAMPING UNIT • Clamping force: 800 kN • Max. mould opening force: 55 kN • Clear space (h x v): 470 x 420 mm • Mounting plate (h x v): 670 x 670 mm • Minimum - maximum mould installation height: mm (specify values if known) • Maximum daylight: 750 mm • Maximum mould opening stroke: 500 mm • Ejector drive: hydraulic • Ejector stroke: 150 mm • Ejector force forward/backward: 23/10 kN • Ejector speed forward/backward: 760 / 800 mm/s • Maximum mould weight: 1000 kg INJECTION UNIT • Screw diameter/type: 40 mm / Standard (adaptable) • Effective L/D ratio: 20 • Injection pressure: 1860 bar • Stroke volume: 201 cm³ • Shot weight at max. stroke for PS: 183 g • Injection speed: 100 mm/s • Injection flow rate: 126 cm³/s • Screw drive/speed: 295 rpm • Plasticizing rate (standard): 12.3 g/s • Nozzle contact force: 50 kN ELECTRICAL PARAMETERS • Connected load: 15.0 kW • Installed heating capacity: 10.9 kW • Power supply: 400 V / 50 Hz, 3-phase with neutral WEIGHT AND DIMENSIONS • Net weight with control cabinet: 3.55 t • Length x width x height: 3.96 x 1.48 x 2.02 m ADDITIONAL FEATURES • Wear-resistant plasticizing • BluePower full insulation for plasticization cylinder • Open nozzle • 1 additional heating circuit for nozzle heating • Air valve, single (BWAP) • Pneumatic control for hot runner shut-off, single • Hydraulic core pull, single (BWAP) • Euromap interface for handling: E18, E63 • Euromap interface (central computer): E67, E77 • Adaptive Process Control (APC) • Injection-compression mode • Graphical analysis package Hfodpfxoy Rlmwo Ag Isg The machine is located at our factory in Parsdorf and is available at short notice. Additional options can be offered upon request. We look forward to your inquiry.

Condition: good (used), Clamping angle, T-slot plate, clamping table, clamping cube, clamping plate, clamping tower, clamping box, pressing tool, clamping support, square profile, shim profile, alignment support Hfedpfx Agsy Iv Rhj Ieg -Square profile: clamping base, support profile, alignment base -Length: 503 mm -Number: 2x profile available -Price: per piece -Dimensions: 503/97/80 mm -Weight: 27.5 kg/pc.

Condition: good (used), Clamping angle, T-slot plate, clamping table, clamping cube, clamping plate, clamping tower, clamping box, pressing tool, clamping support, square profile, shim profile, alignment support -Square profile: clamping base, support profile, alignment base Hedpfx Agoy Iv Ndo Isfg -Length: 492 mm -Number: 7x profile available -Price: per piece -Dimensions: 492/97/80 mm -Weight: 27 kg/pc.

Condition: good (used), Clamping angle, T-slot plate, clamping table, clamping cube, clamping plate, clamping tower, clamping box, pressing tool, clamping support, square profile, shim profile, alignment support -Square profile: clamping base, support profile, alignment base Hfjdpfxsy Iv Iys Ag Iog -Length: 515 mm -Number: 3x profile available -Price: per piece -Dimensions: 515/97/80 mm -Weight: 28.3 kg/pc.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2022, 28.55 rm. Wide span shelving 80 cm deep , Workshop shelving , Storage shelving , Large shelving , Manual storage , Shelving , Small parts storage Data : - Height : approx. 200 cm - Depth : approx. 80 cm - Length : approx. 28.55 running meters Shelf offer consisting of: - 16 x frame approx. 200 x 80 cm, disassembled. - 90 x crossbar approx. 185 cm. - 45 x support shelf approx. 184.5 x 79.5 cm. - 90 x beam / load distributor. - Incl. safety pins - Model : BLT , Type WR20/80 - Load: 400 kg shelf load, with evenly distributed load. - Levels: 3 x storage levels. - Chipboard, natural. - Uprights blue. - Galvanized beam - New from stock. - other quantities available! We can pre-assemble the frames for a small surcharge of 6€/net per piece. -- IMMEDIATELY AVAILABLE SEVERAL TIMES-- Price : Hedpfxjy Rk Tve Ag Ijfg 2887,00 € net plus legally valid VAT. You will receive an invoice with VAT shown. Transportation : On request, delivery is carried out by our partner forwarding company, the costs for this depend on the zip code. Assembly : If required, our trained staff will be happy to assist you with the professional assembly and disassembly of your factory equipment. Our recommendation : Let us know what you need... We will be happy to help you with the realization of your projects, from planning and ordering to installation.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2009, functionality: fully functional, 9 cup wheels vertical bevelling machine + 2 peripheral wheels for the edge + 1 cup wheel for the arris min. size : 40 x 40 mm speed : 0,5 - 4,1 m/min. glass thikness : 3 - 25 mm bevel angle : 3° - 45° max. bevel width : 60 mm Hfsdpfxjyw Hkwo Ag Iog power : 26 kw machine sizes : L x W x H (m) = 8,4 x 1,7 x 2,3 weight : 5300 kg

Condition: new, The double-sided cantilever rack by BLT, with a height of 315 cm, is ideally suited for storing medium-weight long goods such as profiles, pipes, and bars in warehouses, workshops, or craft businesses. With an approximate rack length of 5.12 m, a usable depth of around 80 cm, and a total of 5 levels per side including the base level, this cantilever rack offers clearly arranged and easily accessible storage space for long and bulky items on both sides. Each cantilever arm can support up to 500 kg, and each upright can handle up to 1,800 kg per side. The bolt-on cantilever arms with deflectors ensure robust and practical use in day-to-day operations. Made in Germany. Freight within Germany already included, plus VAT. Product details: - Rack type: Double-sided cantilever rack - Height: approx. 315 cm - Length: approx. 5.12 m - Total depth: approx. 174 cm - Bay width: approx. 128 cm - Cantilever arms: approx. 80 cm usable length (IPE80) - Usable depth of base level: approx. 80 cm - Load per arm: max. 500 kg (with even load distribution) - Load per upright: max. 1,800 kg per side (without base level, with even load distribution) Hedpey Rkg Asfx Ag Iefg - Levels per side: base + 4 storage levels (5 levels per side total) - Design: Double-sided, bolt-on cantilever arms with deflectors - Upright profile: IPE140 - Cantilever arm profile: IPE80 - Colour finish: RAL 7016 - Manufacturing: Made in Germany - Delivery: Freight within Germany included, plus VAT Scope of delivery: - 5 × uprights made from IPE140, height approx. 3,150 mm - 40 × cantilever arms, approx. 80 cm length, made from IPE80 - Including mounting hardware - Including heavy-duty anchors for floor fixing Advantages of the BLT cantilever rack: - Ideal for storing medium-weight profiles, pipes, and bars - Double-sided design for storage space accessible from both sides - Bolt-on cantilever arms with deflectors - 5 levels per side, including base, for optimal use of storage space - Up to 500 kg load capacity per arm and up to 1,800 kg per upright per side - Secure floor anchoring with supplied heavy-duty anchors - Made in Germany - Freight within Germany included Delivery: - Freight within Germany included - Delivery includes mounting hardware - Secure floor anchoring with supplied heavy-duty anchors Enquiries & custom planning: Take advantage of our personal consultation for your individual storage solution. Inform us of your required dimensions, stored goods, and available space. Our experienced consultants are happy to provide you with a non-binding offer featuring custom planning and structural calculation for your bespoke cantilever racking system. Use our enquiry list or contact us directly by phone. Together, we will plan your tailor-made racking system.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2022, 9.56 linear meters Wide Span Rack, 80 cm Deep Specifications: - Height: approx. 200 cm - Depth: approx. 80 cm - Length: approx. 9.56 linear meters Rack offer includes: - 06 x frames approx. 200 x 60 cm, disassembled - 40 x crossbeams approx. 185 cm - 20 x shelf panels approx. 184.5 x 79.5 cm - 40 x cross braces (approx. 80 cm, galvanized) - Includes locking pins - Model: BLT, Type WR20/80 - Load capacity: 400 kg per shelf level, with evenly distributed load - Levels: 4 storage levels - Chipboard shelves, natural finish - Uprights painted blue - New stock, available from warehouse - Other quantities available on request Pre-assembly of the frames can be carried out by us for a small additional charge of €6 net per unit. Delivery is available at a favorable rate upon request. -- IMMEDIATELY AVAILABLE IN MULTIPLE UNITS -- Price: €1,242.00 net plus legally applicable VAT You will receive an invoice with VAT shown separately. Hfodpfxoy Ri Rms Ag Iog Shipping: Delivery by our partner shipping company is available on request; costs are based on your postal code. Assembly: Our trained staff is available to assist with professional assembly and disassembly of your facility if required. Our recommendation: Let us know your requirements... We are happy to support you throughout your project—from planning and ordering to installation.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2022, 7.65 linear meters wide-span shelving, 80 cm deep Specifications: - Height: approx. 200 cm - Depth: approx. 80 cm - Length: approx. 9.56 linear meters Shelving package includes: - 05 x frames, approx. 200 x 60 cm, disassembled - 32 x beams, approx. 185 cm - 16 x shelf panels, approx. 184.5 x 79.5 cm - 32 x support bars (approx. 80 cm, galvanized) Hfedpfx Ajy Ri Ncog Iog - Including safety pins - Model: BLT, Type WR20/80 - Load capacity: 400 kg per shelf, with evenly distributed load - Levels: 4 storage levels - Chipboard, natural finish - Uprights blue - New goods, available from stock - Other quantities available! Pre-assembly of the frames can be carried out by us for a small additional charge of €6/net each. Delivery available on request at competitive rates. -- AVAILABLE IMMEDIATELY IN MULTIPLE QUANTITIES -- Price: €1,001.00 net plus VAT as required by law. You will receive an invoice with VAT shown separately. Transport: Delivery is performed as requested by our partner shipping company; cost depends on postal code. Assembly: Our trained staff are at your disposal, providing professional assembly and disassembly of your facility as needed. Our recommendation: Let us know your requirements... We are happy to assist you with your projects, from planning and ordering through to installation.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2022, 57 running meters Wide span shelving 80 cm deep , Workshop shelving , Storage shelving , Large shelving , Manual storage , Shelving , Small parts storage Data : - Height : approx. 200 cm - Depth : approx. 80 cm - Length : approx. 57 running meters Shelf offer consisting of: - 031 x frame approx. 200 x 80 cm, disassembled. - 180 x traverse approx. 185 cm. - 090 x support shelf approx. 184.5 x 79.5 cm. - 180 x joist / load distributor. - Incl. safety pins - Model : BLT , Type WR20/80 - Load: 400 kg shelf load, with evenly distributed load. - Levels: 3 x storage levels. - Chipboard, natural. - Uprights blue. - Galvanized beam - New from stock. - other quantities available! We can pre-assemble the frames for a small surcharge of 6€/net per piece. Hfedoy Ri I Sepfx Ag Isg -- IMMEDIATELY AVAILABLE SEVERAL TIMES-- Price : 5737,00 € net plus legally valid VAT. You will receive an invoice with VAT shown. Transportation : On request, delivery is carried out by our partner forwarding company, the costs for this depend on the zip code. Assembly : If required, our trained staff will be happy to assist you with the professional assembly and disassembly of your factory equipment. Our recommendation : Let us know what you need... We will be happy to help you with the realization of your projects, from planning and ordering to installation.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2022, 13.35 rm. Wide span shelving 80 cm deep , Workshop shelving , Storage shelving , Large shelving , Manual storage , Shelving , Small parts storage Data : - Height : approx. 200 cm - Depth : approx. 80 cm - Length : approx. 13.35 running meters Shelf offer consisting of: - 08 x frame approx. 200 x 80 cm, disassembled. - 56 x traverse approx. 185 cm. - 28 x support shelf approx. 184.5 x 79.5 cm. - 56 x beam / load distributor. - Incl. safety pins - Model : BLT , Type WR20/80 - Load: 400 kg shelf load, with evenly distributed load. - Levels: 4 x storage levels. - Chipboard, natural. - Uprights blue. Hfedpey Ri Ixjfx Ag Iog - Galvanized beam - New from stock. - other quantities available! We can pre-assemble the frames for a small surcharge of 6€/net per piece. -- IMMEDIATELY AVAILABLE SEVERAL TIMES-- Price : 1724,00 € net plus legally valid VAT. You will receive an invoice with VAT shown. Transportation : On request, delivery is carried out by our partner forwarding company, the costs for this depend on the zip code. Assembly : If required, our trained staff will be happy to assist you with the professional assembly and disassembly of your factory equipment. Our recommendation : Let us know what you need... We will be happy to help you with the realization of your projects, from planning and ordering to installation.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2022, 11.45 m Long-Span Racking, 80 cm Deep – Workshop Shelving, Warehouse Racking, Wide Span Shelving, Manual Storage, Shelving Systems, Small Parts Storage Specifications: - Height: approx. 200 cm - Depth: approx. 80 cm Hedpoy Ri Irsfx Ag Ijfg - Length: approx. 11.45 linear meters Rack offer includes: - 07 x frames, approx. 200 x 80 cm, disassembled - 36 x beams, approx. 185 cm - 18 x shelf panels, approx. 184.5 x 79.5 cm - 36 x load distribution bars/crossbars - Incl. safety pins - Model: BLT, Type WR20/80 - Load capacity: 400 kg per shelf, with evenly distributed load - Levels: 3 storage levels - Shelves made from natural chipboard - Uprights in blue - Galvanized crossbars - New stock, available from warehouse - Other quantities available! Pre-assembly of the frames can be carried out by us for a small additional charge of €6.00/net per piece. -- IMMEDIATELY AVAILABLE IN MULTIPLE QUANTITIES -- Price: €1,175.00 net plus legally applicable VAT. You will receive an invoice with VAT shown separately. Delivery: Delivery can be arranged by our partner freight forwarder on request. Cost depends on the delivery postcode. Assembly: Our trained personnel can assist you with professional assembly and disassembly of your equipment as required. Our recommendation: Let us know your requirements… We are happy to support you in realizing your projects, from planning to ordering and installation.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2022, 57 running meters Wide span shelving 80 cm deep , Workshop shelving , Storage shelving , Large shelving , Manual storage , Shelving , Small parts storage , Data : - H : approx. 200 cm - D : approx. 80 cm Hjdpoy Ri Ilefx Ag Isfg - L : approx. 57 running meters Shelf offer consisting of: - 031 x frame approx. 200 x 80 cm, disassembled. - 240 x traverse approx. 185 cm. - 120 x support shelf approx. 184.5 x 79.5 cm. - 240 x joist / load distributor. - Incl. safety pins - Model : BLT , Type WR20/80 - Load: 400 kg shelf load, with evenly distributed load. - Levels: 4 x storage levels. - Chipboard, natural. - Uprights blue. - Galvanized beam - New from stock. - other quantities available! We can pre-assemble the frames for a small surcharge of 6€/net per piece. -- IMMEDIATELY AVAILABLE SEVERAL TIMES-- Price : 7267,00 € net plus legally valid VAT. You will receive an invoice with VAT shown. Transportation : On request, delivery is carried out by our partner forwarding company, the costs for this depend on the zip code. Assembly : If required, our trained staff will be happy to assist you with the professional assembly and disassembly of your factory equipment. Our recommendation : Let us know what you need... We will be happy to help you with the realization of your projects, from planning and ordering to installation.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1980, Donewell press brake Type: 80-2500 Hjdpfjqgcqiex Ag Iofg Control: Cybelec CP 9220 Pressing force: 80 T Working width: 2540 mm Year of construction: 1980 Dimensions: 255x130x265 cm LxWxH Weight: approx 6300 KG

Condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, Table Type Boring Mill Spindle diameter: 90 mm Spindle taper: ISO 40 Speed range: 8 - 1,600 rpm Travel X-axis: 1,100 mm Travel Y-axis: 1,100 mm Travel Z-axis: 1,700 mm Travel W-axis: 600 mm 4-axis digital readout Table dimensions: 1,000 x 1,100 mm Rotary table: 360° (B-axis) Table load capacity: max. 2,500 kg Equipped with: Hfodpfxey Rgncs Ag Ijg - Large assortment of tools - Operating manual - Digital readouts on X, Y, Z, W Make: Union Table Type Boring Mill Spindle diameter: 90 mm Spindle taper: ISO 40 Speed range: 8 - 1,600 rpm Travel X-axis: 1,100 mm Travel Y-axis: 1,100 mm Travel Z-axis: 1,700 mm Travel W-axis: 600 mm Table dimensions: 1,000 x 1,100 mm Table load capacity: 2,500 kg Rotary table: 360° 4-axis digital readout Equipped with: - Many tools - Operating manual Country of origin: Germany Spindle power: 23 kW Machine weight: 9,100 kg

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, used battery 80 Volt type 4 PzS620 Dimensions: 1025 x 708 x 784 mm Refurbished in KW 19 / 2026 with test report Capacity test (C5 discharge test) Remaining capacity: 96% Ready for operation, filled and charged incl. cable and Euro 320 A connector incl. Aquamatik Other sizes (24V, 48V, 80V) available on request! Hfsdpfsy Rfclox Ag Ijg

Condition: used, power: 160 kW (217.54 HP), New hydraulics, new knives, new bearings Hjdpfsy Ic Nksx Ag Ijfg Drive: 160.0 kW Rotor knives: 5x2 Stator knives: 2x2 Rotor diameter: 700 mm Rotor width: 1200 mm Feed opening: 800 x 1200 mm

Condition: used, Cutting mill Manufacturer: HERBOLD MECKESHEIM Type: SMS 80/160 Rotor 800 x 1600 mm wide Hfedpfx Agoy Icwbo Ijg Drive motor 250 kw

Condition: used, Refurbished granulator, heavy-duty series, hard-faced Can be used for dry and wet shredding Typical applications: Plastic hollow bodies, secondary shredding of pre-shredded waste, Rotor 800 mm diameter x 1600 mm width Open F7 rotor with replaceable blade supports Drive power 160-250 kw Hfodpfey Icq Uox Ag Ijg With forced feeding by 3 load-dependent controlled feed screws Hydraulically hinged, hydraulically swiveling screen basket Throughput capacity up to 5 t/h depending on material and grain size

Condition: used, mileage: 95,000 km, power: 152 kW (206.66 HP), first registration: 10/2019, fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 7,490 kg, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro6, number of seats: 3, loading space length: 4,200 mm, loading space width: 2,450 mm, loading space height: 1,970 mm, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, tail-lift, We are very pleased that our offer has attracted your interest and we can already assure you that you will be purchasing a good-value vehicle with a traceable service history from our company! Certified KIKO sliding curtain body with rear load securing Tail lift 1,500 KG Towing hitch (drawbar eye) Towing hitch (ball coupling) Rear axle with air suspension Air conditioning 3-seater cab Reversing camera Hfodexz Nibopfx Ag Ieg GERMAN VEHICLE REGISTRATION / EXPORT SERVICE We organize your vehicle registration and export documents / EUR 1 certificate and manufacturer's declaration for export. FINANCING Upon request, we are happy to provide you with a leasing, hire-purchase, or financing offer. SERVICE General inspection (TÜV), UVV tail lift inspection, LGS test, tachograph testing, installation of OBU device and servicing by our authorized brand workshop available on site. TOLL / ROAD FEES Toll registration can be arranged on site. TRAVEL / DISTANCES Wittlich train station – 500 m away Frankfurt Airport – 150 km away Frankfurt-Hahn Airport – 40 km away Luxembourg Airport – 75 km away Sale according to our terms and conditions. The information provided online is a non-binding description and does not represent guaranteed characteristics. The seller is not liable for typographical or data transmission errors. VEHICLE LOCATION: Dr. Oetker Str. 22 / 54516 WITTLICH-Wengerohr.

Condition: used, power: 160 kW (217.54 HP), Granulator TRIA 120-80 FN / Granulators New hydraulics, new knives, new bearings Drive: 160.0 kW Rotor knives: 5x2 Stator knives: 2x2 Hsdpfx Aey Ichtog Iefg Rotor diameter: 700 mm Rotor width: 1200 mm Feed opening: 800 x 1200 mm

Condition: used, Refurbished granulator, heavy-duty series, hard-faced Can be used for dry and wet shredding Typical applications: Plastic hollow bodies, secondary shredding of pre-shredded waste, Hfjdpfx Agey Icg As Iog Rotor 800 mm diameter x 1600 mm width Open F7 rotor with replaceable blade supports Drive power 160-250 kw With forced feeding by 3 load-dependent controlled feed screws Hydraulically hinged, hydraulically swiveling screen basket Throughput capacity up to 5 t/h depending on material and grain size