Used Daewoo Puma 400 Lb for sale (21,241)

Condition: new, turning diameter over bed 400 mm turning diameter over slide rest 264 mm turning length 1000 mm turning diameter in the gap 550 mm turning speeds 44 - 2000 U/min centre height 200 mm spindle bore 52 mm tailstock quill taper MT 4 MK connected load frequency 400 V total power requirement 1,5 / 2,4 kW weight of the machine ca. 0,9 t dimensions of the machine ca. 1,9 x 0,8 x 1,56 m 3-axis digital display 3-jaw chuck 200 mm. 4-jaw chuck 200 mm. Faceplate 320mm bezel fixed running bezel 4-fold steel holder. Halogen machine light machine light foot brake removable chip tray, chip protection wall Hardened and ground bed tracks Complete coolant system lining protection Gsdpoupxrhofx Akyskc machine tools

Condition: excellent (used), mileage: 344,000 km, first registration: 12/2016, fuel type: diesel, axle configuration: 6x2, wheelbase: 4,100 mm, fuel: diesel, brakes: retarder, color: blue, driver cabin: sleeper cab, gearing type: automatic, emission class: euro6, suspension: air, Year of construction: 2017, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, central locking, cruise control, electric window regulation, fridge, navigation system, parking heater, power mirror, retarder, = Additional options and accessories = - Air horn - Air suspension - Alloy wheels - Aluminium fuel tank - Central lubrication - Low-noise - PTO - Radio/CD player - Speed limiter - Toolbox - Vehicle heater - Visor - Xenon lighting = More information = Front axle: Steering Rear axle 1: Lift axle; Steering Empty weight: 17.325 kg Carrying capacity: 10.675 kg Gsdeutvnbjpfx Akyjkc GVW: 28.000 kg Crane: HMF 5020-K6 JIB FJ 1000-K5, year of manufacture 2016, behind the cab Technical condition: very good Visual appearance: very good Price: On request

Condition: excellent (used), SICAR Forte 400 thicknesser Working width 400mm Planing height 300mm Shaft with conventional knives Shaft with 4 knives Shaft speed 5200r.p.m Electric lifting and lowering of the work surface Main motor 3kw 3 feed speeds CE certificate Godpfxjt Rp Hxs Akyskc

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2022, Horizon HOF-400, fully automatic feeder, used. This robust, fully automatic feeder was specially developed for the offline production of digitally printed booklets in conjunction with the SPF-200A, SPF-200L booklet making units, the StitchLiner 5500 and other optional additional devices. The sheets are removed sheet by sheet, checked, grouped and fed to the downstream unit in a block. Mark reading ensures reliable grouping and the production of brochures in different sizes. Special features: - Maximum flexibility at an extremely attractive price-performance ratio - Reliable paper feed thanks to suction belt feed - Extremely short set-up times thanks to fully automatic format adjustment - Extremely easy operation and set-up in seconds thanks to TOUCH&WORK technology - Economical processing of small and medium volumes in top quality Gsdpfx Akou Tfupsyekc Technical specifications: - Infeed format 4-sided sheets min. 203 x 203 mm, max. 610 x 356 mm (depending on downstream unit) - Paper thickness 50 - 160 g/sqm for normal paper / 70 - 160 g/sqm for coated paper - Loading capacity max. 620 mm - Speed A3 format max. 25,000 sheets/h - A4 format speed max. 35,000 sheets/h / max. 45,000 sheets/h (landscape) - Weight 782 kg (with front cutter FC-200A) - Machine dimensions 960 mm x 1,050 mm x 936 mm (LxWxH) - Power supply 400 V 1.8 A, 1.0 kW All-Inclusive Service Package We take care of everything: from secure packaging and transportation to customs clearance. Sustainable and Economical Choose a used machine and benefit twice: Save the environment and your budget. Despite possible signs of use, you receive a quality product at an attractive price.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Siemens 6ES7416-3FR05-0AB0 S7-400, CPU 416F-3 PN/DP central processing unit, version 4, software version V5.2.0, serial number as shown in the photo, like new, professionally tested, 100% functional, scope of delivery as shown in the photos. Gkjdji Edt Hspfx Akyoc

Condition: ready for operation (used), Siemens 6ES7416-3FR05-0AB0 S7-400, CPU 416F-3 PN/DP central processing unit, version E, status 4, software version V5.2.1, serial number as per photo, like new, professionally tested, 100% functional, scope of delivery as per photos. Gkedpfxoi Edt Uo Akyec

Condition: ready for operation (used), Siemens 6ES7416-3FR05-0AB0 S7-400, CPU 416F-3 PN/DP central processing unit, version 4, software version V5.2.0, serial number as shown in the photo, in new condition, professionally tested, 100% functional, scope of delivery as shown in the photos. Godpfx Aoi Edugjkyskc

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2016, lifting height: 38,260 mm, fuel type: diesel, Weights Empty weight: 16.100 kg Functional Lifting capacity: 600 kg Working height: 4.026 cm Dimensions of cargo space: 974 x 253 x 378 cm Condition Technical condition: good Visual appearance: good Other information TÜV Marked: yes Gksdeyvzy Dspfx Akysc Delivery terms: EXW Max. horizontal reach: 3108 m Max swing of platform in degrees: 250 Additional information Please contact Christian Theißen for more information Manufacturer: Ruthmann Model: T 400 Year of build: 2016 Condition: Used Data: Max. working height: 40,26 m Max. platform height: 38,26 m Max. reach: 31,08 m Total dimensions LxWxH: 9,74 x 2,53 x 3,78 m Platform dimensions LxW: 2,41 x 0,97 m Max. basket load: 600 kg Swivel range: 250° Ground clearance: 0,22 m Support width both sides: 6,60 m Support width one side: 4,77 m Support width: narrow 2,86 m Support length: 6,37 m Ground pressure: 150 kN Driving license category: C / 2 Empty weight: 16.100 kg Total permissible weight: 18.000 kg Special features: Tilt 2°, Rotatable work basket 2x 90° (hydraulic), Basket arm, Rotation angle 180°, WITHOUT roof protection, Loading area with side panels, Telescopic basket arm allows working over obstacles, Computer-assisted stabilizer automation, PPE attachment points available, Material box 1.81 x 0.81 m. Information: TÜV and UVV new

Year of construction: 1999, condition: reconditioned (used), Machine is currently undergoing overhaul PROCESSABLE MATERIALS Depending on material properties and sheet configuration: Gkodpfxsyuuzdj Akyoc · Paper with a minimum grammage of 80 gsm · Cardboard or solid board up to a grammage of 2,000 gsm · Corrugated board up to a total thickness of 4 mm (max. sheet curvature 4%) PERFORMANCE DATA Max. sheet format: 820 x 1,130 mm Min. sheet format: 350 x 400 mm Max. cutting force: (400 t) 4.0 MN Max. machine speed: 9,000 sheets/h Standard equipment of the machine: Feeder Non-stop high-performance sheet feeder W3 equipped with: • Automatic non-stop device • Automatic pallet changeover • Suction head • Double-sheet detector • Motorized stack side correction • Motorized suction head adjustment • Conveyor table with pneumatic cover frame • Compressed air and vacuum pump Register Table • Operator-side side lay, switchable between pull and push mode • Light sensor for accurate side alignment of sheets • Fine adjustment of the side lay • Two active front lays with light sensor for register control • Two inactive front lays for sheet stabilization • Separate fine adjustment of gripper edge for drive and operator side • LED display for accurate front and side lay registration • Trend display for sheet detection • Sheet rejection, disabling only the feeder • Height-adjustable top lay for positive sheet guidance Die-cutting station • Roller-guided support rails for the chase • Roller guide for die-cutting plate on swing-out support arms • Motorized die pressure adjustment • Automatic device for lifting the chase to the platen • Electronic die-cutting force display with max. pressure limitation • Vacuum device in sub-table for thin cutting plates Stripping Unit • Frame drive and frame lift for upper tool frame • Mount for the stripping board with centerline fine adjustment • Device for sample sheet removal • Upper tool frame • Lower tool frame Delivery • Fully automatic pile stacker, pre-selectable • Counted sub-stacks with automatic insertion of uncut sheets • Can form sub-stacks (interleaved sheets between 250 gsm – 800 gsm) • Frame lift for upper tool frame • Mount for change frames with electric adjustment in running direction • Pneumatic frame locking • Switchable gripper opener cam and sheet ejector • Sheet jogging device • Integrated conveyor belt for gripper edge or waste grid removal (double-cut) • Separator sheet magazine with electronic level control, refillable from B-side during production • Tool frame with centerline • Change frame for standard pile delivery / gripper edge removal • Change frame for blank separation grid • Mounting kit for separation punch • 8 x sheet hold-downs for standard pile delivery • 4 x cross support bars Options: • QTM – Patented guide rails • QTM – Chase with quick lock system and X/Y adjustment • QTM – Upper stripping frame with quick lock system • QTM – Upper delivery frame with quick lock system • Control upgrade to latest Siemens S7 controller • New generation frequency converters • Modem for remote service connection • Machine height increase: 900 mm

Condition: used, overall weight: 221 kg, total length: 400 mm, total width: 400 mm, total height: 540 mm, Cross tooling column with Gressel Mounting holes 4 Pitch fixing holes 320 mm Length 400 mm Width 400 mm Height 540 mm Weight 221 kg Gkodjywy U Nepfx Akyoc If you have any questions concerning the machine, please do not hesitate to contact us by phone or e-mail. Feel free to view our other advertisements for a complete overview of our stock.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2017, functionality: fully functional, 3 × Eaton BECO INTEGRA® PLATE 400 EC – Hermetically Sealed Sheet Filter Systems (2017, Unused) Factory new, never used in production – only FAT/SAT with water. CE marked, GMP & FDA compliant. Complete FAT and SAT documentation available. Immediately available, can be sold individually or as a package. Model & Configuration: - Hermetically sealed depth filtration system (filter press) with external chamber and circumferential profile gasket - Stainless steel design (AISI 316L / 1.4404, partly 1.4435), high-gloss polished product-contact surfaces - CIP & SIP capable, sterile setup with BIOCONNECT flanged connections (NEUMO) - Format: 377 × 400 mm sheets (0.12 m² per sheet) - Hydraulic closure mechanism with 4-stage control for cleaning, sterilization, filtration & opening Key Technical Data: - Max. operating pressure: 6 bar | Max. differential pressure: 4 bar - Operating temperature: up to 140°C | Sterilization: up to 134°C - Mobile frame design - Includes discharge frames and clear spacers Differences between the 3 units: - Unit 1: 4.80 m² filtration area, 9.60 L solids volume, 40 sheets, product-contact parts partly 1.4435, fittings & riser pipes supplied separately - Unit 2: 3.36 m² filtration area (expandable to 4.80 m²), 6.72 L solids volume, 28 sheets, also stainless steel design, expandable - Unit 3: Technically identical to unit 1 but with additional fittings & riser pipes pre-installed (GEMÜ diaphragm valves, sight glasses, pressure gauges) Application Areas: - Pharmaceutical and biotech production Gjdpow Nikvefx Akyokc - Food & beverage industry - Applications with high hygiene and sterility requirements Price: Negotiable depending on configuration, individual or total package possible. Total price in 2017: €253,000 Delivery: Ex stock, worldwide shipping possible. Original documentation, FAT & SAT reports, drawings, and 3.1 certificates available.

Condition: refurbished (used), Year of construction: 2005, functionality: fully functional, Fully automatic flow wrapping machine for packaging products—regardless of their length—in a complete wrap without film overlap. Product infeed is carried out via a conveyor belt, while simultaneously being wrapped in centerfold film using a forming shoulder. Product timing is achieved via a photoelectric sensor. The infeed conveyor can be easily adjusted to accommodate different product widths. Longitudinal sealing is produced by a continuous side sealing unit. The height of the forming shoulder and sealing units can be adjusted manually. Wearing and defective parts have been replaced. The machine has been technically inspected by Kallfass and is fully operational. Technical data: - Cross sealing bar: 450 mm - Film: centerfold film, approx. 12–80 µm - Max. film roll outer diameter: 400 mm Gkodew Ddb Topfx Akyjc - Max. film roll width: 600 mm - Min. product length: 120 mm - Min. product width: 80 mm - Pass-through height: 200 mm - Working height: 780–930 mm - Power supply: 400 Volt three-phase, 50 Hz, with protective earth - Rated power: 3.5 kVA - Rated current: 5.1 A Inspection and demonstration can be arranged by appointment at our premises. Function guarantee, no warranty.

Condition: good (used), Included in the delivery: 01x U-shaped collision protection corner, used Material color: orange Total height: approx. 400 mm Total width: approx. 220 mm Total depth: approx. 250 mm Gkedpfx Aow Dy Ivekysc Number of mounting holes: 03 pcs. Hole diameter: approx. 15 mm Material thickness: 6 mm Weight per item: 10.87 kg Note: L-shaped brackets are welded to the sides. Your contacts at our company: Mr. Andre Evering Mr. Mario Klöver Mr. Falk Deutsch General information about the item: This item is offered for collection only. Any transport or shipping of this item is subject to additional costs, which may be quoted separately depending on the delivery location and quantity.

Year of construction: 2025, condition: new, Bulk Bag unloading system with lifting crane incl. vacuum pump with a capacity of up to 400kg/h. - Specification of the lifting crane: max. weight per bag: 1T; max. bulk bag size: L1200xW1200xH1700mm; machine dimensions without side crane: L1740xW1740xH5400mm; - Specification of the vacuum pump: Capacity: max. 400kg/h; power: 380V, 1.5kW; hopper diameter: 290mm; discharge diameter: 213mm; height of vacuum pump: 800mm. That machine/system is available in different versions for different packaging sizes and with different packaging speeds. Gksdpfjv Nk A Njx Akyoc Please note that our new prices are often below the usual used prices. Please feel free to inquire and tell us your packaging task. - Usually 30-50 different new machines are available immediately from stock. In addition, we have very short delivery times from approx. 3 weeks for customized machines. Deviations from the sample photo are possible. - All machines are available with full warranty.

Condition: new, neu ca. 6 Monate ab Auftragse Taiwan 111670 € 2110.56 € 400 mm 500 mm 400 mm 225 mm 400 mm 50 kg 450 mm 500 - 2200 1/min 5,5 kW 19 kW 2800 mm 2800 mm 2610 mm 2850 x 2000 x 2470 mm 3450 kg Dm. 355 x 38 x Dm. 127 mm 0,001 mm 1.7 kW 2.4 kW 10 - 150 1/min 0.005 mm 0.003 mm iSurface control with 10,4" touchscreen for fully automatic grinding in machine manual wheel balancing traveling column rib structure AC servo motors für Y/Z axes and rotary table 1 pc. wheel flange 1 pc. grinding wheel Dm. 355 x 38 x Dm. 127 mm Gkjdpfx Ajwiq U Rekyoc Coolant equipment with automatic paper filter and magnetic separator automatic dresser on the table, with compensation fully enclosed splash guard electromagnetic round chuck, fine pole pitch (1+3 mm) working lamp warning lamp operating manual in German and English ALTERNATIVE: model version FRG-400S with Smart iControl for profile grinding price on request (symbol photos - showing model FRG-600)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2020, gebraucht 2020 1658 prompt, Zwischenverkauf v Bulgarien 26500 € 1 22600 € 400 mm 1000 mm 200 mm 52 mm 235 mm 320 mm 6 6 MK 12 50-2.240 1/min 80 0.015 - 0.6 mm/U Gedpfx Akowirdteyjkc 0.0075 - 0.3 mm/U 40 0.25 - 7.5 mm 120 - 4 Gänge/" 0.0625 - 1.875 235 mm 110 mm 50 mm 4 MK 100 mm 4 kW 2750 mm 1100 mm 1600 mm 1540 kg This machine is used in our workshop for repair work, therefore it has only been used very little so far. (New price € 37,910.00) driven by manual transmission 3-axes digital readout Fagor 40i quick change toolpostMultifix Type Bwith4 holders (3 square, 1 round) 3-jaw chuck Bison 3204/DIN6350, Ø 200 mm spindle noseNr. 6 DIN 55027 four way rapid traverse device spindle dead center coolant equipment 1 pce. flange plate for lathe chuckØ 200 mm 1 adapter sleeve full length rear splash guard leadscrew and shaft protection safety guard for the chuck toolholder guard levelling bolts and plates quick release tailstock low voltage machine lamp operating manual machine according to "CE" BUYING USED MACHINERY IS A MATTER OF TRUST - OUR TRANSPARENCY PROMISE We offer you maximum security and complete transparency. • HONEST INSIGHTS: Detailed photos and functional videos of the current condition • LIVE ON-SITE CHECK: Live testing is possible at our facility • DIGITAL DEMONSTRATION: Individual live demonstration via video call • RISK-FREE PURCHASE: 14-day return policy Details:

Condition: reconditioned (used), functionality: fully functional, working width: 400 mm, area performance: 350 m²/h, overall weight: 37 kg, warranty duration: 12 months, VICTOR SPRITE 400 HS SINGLE DISC SCRUBBER The 400mm cleaning head is equipped with a new, medium-hard disc brush, allowing for operation on any surface. Gedpfjx T A Tgjx Akyokc The advantages of single-disc machines powered by 230V include a simple design, low operating costs, and reliability. High maneuverability thanks to their compact size. The centrally located, powerful motor ensures uniform pressure and significantly simplifies operation. Perfect for small spaces where easy maneuverability is essential. This makes the machine suitable for use in places such as car showrooms, boutiques, museums, hotels, restaurants, offices, public buildings, and many others. You are purchasing the exact machine you see in the photos. Other models are available in our other auctions, which we encourage you to check out. TECHNICAL DATE: Working width (mm): 400 Rotation speed (rpm/min): 300 Capacity (m²/h): 350 Brush/pad pressure (kg): 27.4 Rated power (W): 1100 Weight (kg): 37 Dimensions (L x W x H - mm): 650x440x1100 INCLUDED: NEW 400mm PPL 0.5 disc brush 5 letters of TENZI NORMAL cleaning fluid - FREE KEY FEATURES: Thanks to its design, the machine is highly maneuverable. The small turning radius allows operation even in narrow passages and alleys. The large working width (400mm) ensures high surface coverage. A clearly legal and intuitive control panel.

Condition: good (used), Gas metal arc welding machine, arc welding system, MIG/MAG welding system Gedpfxsx Hgune Akyjkc -Manufacturer: CLOOS, Qintron water-cooled MIG/MAG welding machine -Type: Qintron 400 -Max. welding power: 400 A -Water-cooled -Wire feed case: Cloos FC 100E-KIT 4-roller drive -Accessories: incl. ground cable, gas valve, hose assembly (see photos) -Dimensions: 1100/700/H1240 mm -Weight: 181 kg

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2004, operating hours: 18,504 h, spindle speed (max.): 4,000 rpm, travel distance X-axis: 550 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 110 mm, overall weight: 20,000 kg, controller manufacturer: SIEMENS, controller model: Sinumerik 840D Powerline, number of axes: 7, This 7-axis DMG Gildemeister GMX 400 linear was manufactured in 2004, featuring a maximum turning diameter of 640 mm and a turning length of 1,585 mm. It includes a Sinumerik 840D Powerline control, a milling spindle with a max speed of 12,000 rpm, and a tool magazine with up to 120 positions. If you are looking to get high-quality turn-mill capabilities, consider the DMG Gildemeister GMX 400 linear machine we have for sale. Contact us for more information. Gjdpfox D S Dgsx Akyjkc Additional equipment • Oil mist extraction • Coolant tank with belt filter system • Internal coolant system with 80 bar pressure • Approx. 30 tool holders Machine Benefits Technical Machine Benefits • Drive power - main spindle: max. Torque 600 nm • B-axis: +/- 120° • C-axis resolution: 0. 001° and 1° • Maximum turning diameter: 640 mm • Turning length: 1585 mm • Standard turning diameter: 400 mm • Distance between centers of main spindle: max. Bar diameter 90 mm • Chuck diameter: 250 mm (max. 400 mm) • Number of tool positions: 12 positions • Turret tool holder: 40 mm din 69880

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, fuel type: diesel, motor manufacturer: Perkins 2206A-E13TAG2, General information Field of application: Construction Weights Empty weight: 3.161 kg Functional Generator capacity: 400 kVA Dimensions of cargo space: 380 x 113 x 216 cm CE mark: yes Other information Fuel consumption: 52,6 L/Hour at 75% Load Prime Generator: FG Wilson FG29A280 Frequency: 50 Voltage: 400 Drill equipment: Tank, Battery, Control Panel Water tank volume: 888 l Production country: CN Additional information Please contact Team DPX for more information = Additional options and accessories = Gedpfexwhunsx Akyskc - Battery - Control Panel - Tank = Remarks = The images shown, including components such as the control panel, circuit breaker, coolant heater etc. may differ from the actual units that are available for sale. This is due to the availability of various enclosures, components and frames

Condition: used, Punching bracket, punching unit SUPRA-CLAP / CEWE Type PAE 50 - 400 3GN 3P1 Throat depth: 400 mm Punching capacity: max. 10 mm material thickness Hole diameter: max. Ø 50 mm Distance between upper and lower bracket: 19 mm Punch holder: Ø 78 mm Cutting plate outer diameter: Ø 78 mm Cutting plate thickness: 20 mm Drop-out opening in punching bracket: 52 mm Installation height: approx. 220 mm - Punch holder as a punch unit with punch mount and material stripper with disc springs - Punch holder rotation-proof guided and spring-loaded - Punch length 97 mm, shank Ø 35 / 50 mm - Round hole tool: punch Ø 41 mm and die Ø 41.5 mm - Long fixing hole: 270 x 13.5 mm Dimensions of punching bracket (L x W x H): 550 x 95 x 220 mm Weight: 27.5 kg Godpfx Akoxbh N Tsyjkc Good condition 4 units available, price per unit 3 units with Ø 41 mm punch tool 1 unit with Ø 43 mm punch tool

Condition: used, Older, fully functional stone grinding mill / feed mill. Power supply: 380 VOLT Motor power: 11 kW Net weight of the mill: approx. 500 kg Inspection and loading of the mill are possible by prior appointment! Shipping via freight forwarder is also possible! A video of the mill can be sent to a phone number with WhatsApp upon request! Gkedpfexb Nxcjx Akyec

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2002, Load capacity: 400 kg Gksdpfxoxav U Uj Akyoc Net weight: 75 kg Width: 1350 mm Height: 1200 mm Depth: 280 mm

Condition: new, neu Bulgarien 42910 € 819.58 € 400 mm 750 mm 200 mm 52 mm 235 mm 320 mm 6 6 MK 4 18-98; 48-265; 144-790; 3 U/Min 80 Gsdpfx Akoyq Stioyskc 0.015 - 0.6 mm/U 0.0075 - 0.3 mm/U 40 0.25 - 7.5 mm 120 - 4 Gänge/" 0.0625 - 1.875 235 mm 110 mm 50 mm 4 MK 100 mm 7.5 kW 1530 kg driven by variable speed control (4 steps) 3-axes digital readout FAGOR with CSS (constant surface speed) quick change toolpostAmestra with 4 holders (3 square, 1 round) 3-jaw chuck Bison 3204/DIN6350, Ø 200 mm spindle dead center coolant equipment full length rear splash guard leadscrew and shaft protection safety guard for the chuck toolholder guard levelling bolts and plates quick release tailstock low voltage machine lamp operating manual machine according to "CE" FURTHER TURNING LENGTHS: turning length 1.000 mm € 43.630,-

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: HR14346, Year of construction: 2026, load capacity: 4,500 kg, lifting height: 18,000 mm, fuel type: diesel, mast type: triplex, construction height: 3,040 mm, power: 85 kW (115.57 HP), fork length: 1,200 mm, empty load weight: 14,100 kg, total length: 7,260 mm, drive type: Diesel, construction width: 2,420 mm, Rotatable telehandler Chassis number: HR14346 Fork width: 120 mm Fork thickness: 50 mm ISO class: ISO class 3 = 2,500 - 4,999 kg Mast type: Triplex Gearbox: Hydrostatic Condition: New device Technical condition: New Front tires type: Solid rubber Front tires size: CAMSO A8 158 4LR1 4057020 14PR Front tires condition: New Rear tires type: Solid rubber Rear tires size: CAMSO A8 158 4LR1 4057020 14PR Rear tires condition: New Description: 12 month factory warranty / Max. 2000 operating hours Gkjdsyn Tcmspfx Akyjc STVZO, full cabin, CE certificate, interior mirror, exterior mirror, joystick, seat, battery 2x12V wheel chocks TÜV preparation