Used Charmilles Wire-Cut Electrical Discharge Machine (Wire Edm) for sale (85,508)

Year of construction: 2005, condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 935089, - Water bath machine with automatic wire threading - Closed diamond wire guides for different wire diameters Nodpfxelru Rbe Afasla - Collision protection on all 5 axes (ICP) - Pictured clamping accessories included TECHNICAL DETAILS travels X / Y / Z: 550 / 350 / 400 mm travels U/V axis: 550 / 350 mm Conicity: max. +/- 30° at 400 mm height workpiece dimensions: max. 1200 x 700 x 400 mm Opening width: 1020 mm (accessible from one side) workpiece weight: max. 1500 kg Surface quality: max. Ra 0.22 μm Cutting speed: max. 300 qmm/min Available wire diameters: 0.15 - 0.30 mm Control: Charmilles Millenium with Windows operating system (12"-TFT touch screen). MACHINE DETAILS dimensions (length x width x height): 2600 x 2810 x 2240 mm net weight: 3300 kg supply voltage: 400 V / 3 phases / 50/60 Hz Connected load: 10 kVA LAN connection: included, for network integration

Condition: refurbished (used), Year of construction: 2006, functionality: fully functional, AGIECUT Classic 2S Year of construction 2006 Travels: X= 350 mm, Y= 250 mm, Z= 256 mm Travels U/V axis: +/- 70 mm Maximum taper: 30° at 100 mm height Maximum workpiece dimensions: 750 x 550 x 250 mm Maximum workpiece weight: 200 (in bath) / 450 (without bath) kg Achievable surface quality: Ra: 0.20 µm Maximum cutting rate: 300 mm²/min Available wire diameters: 0.20 - 0.33 mm Water bath machine with automatic wire threading and rethreading after wire breakage With manual front door (accessible from 1 side) Incl. AGIEJOGGER handbox for convenient set-up AGIE IPG generator AGIEVISION control unit Dimensions (length x width x height): 1640 x 2040 x 2220 mm Net weight: 2580 kg Our machines are cleaned and overhauled after receipt of order. A test cut with the best surface finish is then carried out for acceptance. Njdpfx Afouzvkgsaola You receive a 6-month warranty on the machine. We are happy to offer you commissioning and training on site.

Condition: refurbished (used), Year of construction: 2007, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 350 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 250 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 256 mm, AGIECUT Challenge V2 Year of construction 2007 Travels (X/Y/Z): 350 x 250 x 256 mm Travels (U/V): +/- 70 mm Maximum taper: 30° at 100 mm Maximum workpiece dimensions (length/width/height): 750 x 550 x 250 mm Maximum workpiece weight (with/without bath): 200/450 kg Best achievable surface: 0.2 µm Ra Nsdpfxowqcm Us Afaela Available wire diameters 0.10 - 0.33 mm Incl. AGIE universal clamping frame Incl. AGIE JOGGER handbox Incl. console with USB connection The machine will be cleaned, overhauled and tested by us upon receipt of order. We are also happy to offer commissioning and training.

Condition: refurbished (used), Year of construction: 2004, functionality: fully functional, workpiece weight (max.): 450 kg, travel distance X-axis: 350 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 250 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 256 mm, total height: 2,220 mm, total length: 1,640 mm, total width: 2,040 mm, workpiece height (max.): 250 mm, workpiece width (max.): 750 mm, workpiece length (max.): 550 mm, empty load weight: 2,580 kg, Equipment: documentation/manual, AGIECUT Progress 2 Year of manufacture: 2004 Travel path: X = 350 mm, Y = 250 mm, Z = 256 mm U/V-Axis travel path: +/- 70 mm Maximum taper angle: 30° at 100 mm height Maximum workpiece dimensions: 750 x 550 x 250 mm Maximum workpiece weight: 200 kg (submerged) / 450 kg (dry) Achievable surface quality: Ra: 0.30 µm Maximum cutting speed: 500 mm²/min Glass scales on X and Y axes for increased precision Available wire diameters: 0.20 – 0.33 mm Submerged wire EDM machine with automatic wire threading and re-threading after wire breakage Manual front door (accessible from one side) Including AGIEJOGGER handbox for convenient setup AGIE IPG generator with power module Nlodpswvqk Sefx Afaea AGIEVISION control system Dimensions (L x W x H): 1640 x 2040 x 2220 mm Net weight: 2580 kg Our machines are cleaned and thoroughly overhauled upon receipt of an order. A test cut with optimal surface finish is performed for final approval. We are happy to offer on-site commissioning and training. Optional: - Transport - Chiller unit - Clamping devices

Condition: refurbished (used), Year of construction: 2008, functionality: fully functional, workpiece weight (max.): 3,000 kg, travel distance X-axis: 800 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 550 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 525 mm, GF AgieCharmilles Progress V4 Year of manufacture: 2008 Travel paths: X= 800 mm, Y= 550 mm, Z= 525 mm Travel paths: U= 800 mm V=550 mm Maximum taper: 30° at 500 mm height Maximum workpiece dimensions: 1300 x 1000 x 510 mm Maximum workpiece weight: 3000 kg Achievable surface quality: Ra: 0.20 µm Maximum cutting rate: 500 mm²/min Available wire diameters: 0.15 – 0.33 mm Submerged-type machine with automatic wire threading and re-threading after wire breakage With automatic front door Nljdpfewvqwrox Afasa Includes AGIEJOGGER hand-held box for convenient setup AGIE IPG-V generator AGIEVISION 5 control Dimensions (length x width x height): 2900 x 3050 x 2850 mm Net weight: 6000 kg The machine will be cleaned and overhauled upon receipt of your order. You will receive a 6-month warranty on all machine components. We are also happy to offer commissioning and training services.

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2017, workpiece weight (max.): 3,000 kg, travel distance X-axis: 800 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 600 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 510 mm, workpiece height (max.): 510 mm, workpiece width (max.): 1,250 mm, workpiece length (max.): 975 mm, empty load weight: 4,200 kg, Equipment: cooling unit, Fanuc Robocut C800iB - Model Year 2017 Fanuc's largest wire EDM machine AWF Automatic Wire Threading Turkish Control Unit - Touchscreen Fanuc Link i Remote Control Water Cooler Core Joint Part Holding Twin Servo Wire Tension Control Nlodpfx Afexfaqksaea Thermal Compensation Fanuc New Series 15" Touchscreen and Turkish Control Unit Able to make 5 cuts with the standard new power supply and achieve a surface quality of 0.30 microns. New lower head design and lower head tube protected by bellows. Twin Servo wire tension control ensures consistently stable wire tension during cutting, resulting in more precise cuts. Advanced AWF2 system allows for wire threading at the point of breakage. Program transfer and remote control via CF card, USB, RS232C, and Ethernet Standard Features Maximum throughput workpiece clamping (mm): 1250 x 975 x 500 mm Maximum workpiece weight (kg): 3000 kg X-Y axis travel (mm): 800 x 600 mm Z axis travel (mm): 510 mm U-V axis travel (mm): 200 x 200 mm Maximum cutting angle (°/mm) std. Maximum cutting angle (°/mm) opt.: ±30° / 150 mm : ±45° / 70 mm Minimum axis travel (mm): 0.0001 Wire diameter (mm): Ø 0.1 ~ Ø 0.30 Maximum wire weight (kg): 16 kg Footage (mm): 2900 × 3260 mm Machine weight (KG): 4200 kg Control unit: FANUC

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2015, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 55DM2758, TECHNICAL DETAILS Travel paths X / Y / Z: 600 / 400 / 300 mm Cutting capability: H/W 30°/45° (30/45° instead of 15° for 0.25 mm wire) Control unit: MITSUBISHI M700 Control software: MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC “ADVANCE Plus” Replacement of X and Y linear scales: November 2022 MACHINE DETAILS Total weight: 3,500 kg Overall length: 2,687 mm Overall width: 3,030 mm Overall height: 2,150 mm Input voltage: 400 V Input current: 50 A Type of current: Three-phase Input frequency: 50 Hz EQUIPMENT - ODS optical drive system Nlsdpfxewr Aclj Afaea - Direct drive motors for the X and Y axes - Linear scales on the X and Y axes - Intelligent automatic wire feeding system (wire diameter 0.1–0.3 mm) - Wire straightening unit - Automatic wire cutter (for thicker wires) - Automatic hole detection - 3D CAD/CAM control - 5 controlled axes + preparation for additional axes - PFC precision machining (Precise Finish Circuit) - LLS longevity system - 10 kg wire spool holder (reel) - U-shaped, hardened, segmented receiving table - Compressor dielectric (water cooling) - Preparation for remote communication (mcAnywhere) - CE version - Clear display of main functions on the screen - Programming with ESPERADVANCE interactive dialog system - Control unit prepared for receipt of 3D files - Graphical inspection: 3D, front view, side view, top view - Handheld control device - Ethernet TCP-IP and 2 USB connection options - Preparation for remote communication (mcAnywhere)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1995, functionality: unexamined, machine/vehicle number: XXX, We are going to sell 3 wire edm machines and 1starthole edm machine Nledpfx Afetylpijaoa

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2007, operating hours: 33,995 h, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 800 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 550 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 525 mm, workpiece height (max.): 510 mm, workpiece width (max.): 1,000 mm, workpiece length (max.): 1,300 mm, Wire EDM machine has been recently serviced and cleaned! TECHNICAL DETAILS Travel X-axis: 800 mm Travel Y-axis: 550 mm Travel Z-axis: 525 mm Nsdpfxewzhqme Afajla Workpiece dimensions Workpiece height: max. 510 mm Workpiece width: max. 1,000 mm Workpiece length: max. 1,300 mm MACHINE DETAILS Type of input power: Three-phase current Total weight: 6,800 kg Operating hours Power-on hours: 108,824 h Working hours: 33,995 h

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2007, operating hours: 24,088 h, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 073C1923, workpiece weight (max.): 1,000 kg, travel distance X-axis: 550 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 370 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 410 mm, overall weight: 3,100 kg, TECHNICAL DETAILS Nlodpfsw Nf R Ejx Afaoa Travel Paths X-axis travel: 550 mm Y-axis travel: 370 mm Z-axis travel: 410 mm U-axis travel: 120 mm V-axis travel: 120 mm Maximum workpiece weight: 1,000 kg MACHINE DETAILS Weight: 3,100 kg Machine hours: 24,088 h

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2002, functionality: fully functional, FANUC alpha - O I B machine travels: X 320, Y 220, U 120, V 120, Z 180 automatic wire threading can be seen in good working condition Nedoxf I D Eopfx Afaola year 2002

Condition: refurbished (used), Year of construction: 1998, operating hours: 20,800 h, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 350 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 250 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 300 mm, Machine currently undergoing revision at our facility in Semsales, Switzerland. Erowa ITS50 chuck. 16-position rotary tool changer, double gripper. Flat LCD screen. Retractable work tray. Inspection possible upon request. More details available on request. Nledpfx Afjxlhudoaja

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2020, operating hours: 13,800 h, functionality: fully functional, workpiece weight (max.): 5,000 kg, travel distance X-axis: 800 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 600 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 600 mm, total height: 2,740 mm, total length: 3,600 mm, total width: 3,900 mm, wire diameter (max.): 0.3 mm, workpiece height (max.): 595 mm, workpiece width (max.): 1,330 mm, workpiece length (max.): 990 mm, overall weight: 8,500 kg, For sale is a demonstration unit: Accutex AU860iA Max. workpiece size (L x W x H, mm): 1330 x 990 x 395 Max. workpiece weight (kg): 5,000 X/Y/Z travel (mm): 800 x 600 x 400 (optional Z600) U/V travel (mm): 150 x 150 Wire spool weight (kg): 16 Machine dimensions (W x D x H, mm): 3900 x 3600 x 2740 Nljdpfx Aexnx Itjfasa Machine weight (kg): 8,400 Water system capacity (l): Main tank: 2420 (Z400); Side + Main tank: 1630+1280 (Z600)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1995, functionality: unexamined, machine/vehicle number: XXX, We are going to sell 3 wire edm machines and 1starthole edm machine Nlodpfetylpcex Afasa

Year of construction: 2002, condition: used, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: J20M0036, Wire EDM machine with automatic wire threading (AT) TECHNICAL DETAILS x-way: 500 mm y-way: 350 mm z-way: 300 mm amps: 50 A table length: 780 mm table width: 630 mm table feed: 1 - 1.300 mm/min wire feed: 15,00 m/min Control: W21F AP-2 Nledpfxenh R Nks Afaja workpiece size: 1050 x 800 x 295 mm workpiece weight: max. 800 kg MACHINE DETAILS total power requirement: 12,00 kW machine weight: approx. 4,50 t space requirement: approx. 3.00 x 3.50 x 2.50 m

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2006, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 2-1, 2006, Eurobend CNC 16x4 rebar from coil straightening and cutting machine in used but working condition. 4 x 5 Ton decoilers with pneumatic brakes. 4 x rotor for diameter 8-10-12-16 mm rebar wire straightening and automatic cutting with hydraulic moving cutters. 1 line or even up to 4 lines together cutting. Njdjrdvq Aopfx Afaela PC with barcode scanner option. Cutting length up to 14 meters and more. Pockets for storage. Chain conveyor for transport of bundles.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2001, operating hours: 25,539 h, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 0.2633/331852, workpiece weight (max.): 500 kg, travel distance X-axis: 400 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 250 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 200 mm, total height: 200 mm, total length: 800 mm, total width: 500 mm, workpiece height (max.): 200 mm, type of input current: three-phase, overall weight: 2,200 kg, table load: 500 kg, positioning accuracy: 0.005 mm, Equipment: cooling unit, documentation/manual, fridge, CHARMILLES TECHNOLOGIES from 2001 Model: ROBOFIL 290 P 0.25MM AND 0.30MM WIRE EROSION MACHINE MAKE AN OFFER TO BUY BACK Features: - Maximum part dimensions: 850 x 500 x 200 [mm] - Maximum weight: workpiece weight: 500 [kg] - X x Y x Z strokes: 400 x 250 x 200 [mm] - U x V stroke: 400 x 250 [mm] - clearance/height angle: ±30 [°] / 200 [mm] - wire diameter: 0.25 [mm] Nledpfjv Rfm Sex Afaja - acceptable coil types: P3 and P5 - tank capacity: 300 [l] - generator: 10 [kVA] - 400/400V isolation transformer - dimensions: 1800 x 1600 x 2130 [mm] - weight: 2200 [kg]

Condition: ready for operation (used), functionality: fully functional, Very nice Wire-o punching machine. Electric with foot pedal, max format 710 mm. Nlodpfxjymn Hws Afaja Punches up to 20 sheets of 80 gsm with square holes. You are of course welcome to test this machine with us. We can arrange transport/packaging for you and load it onto a truck or into a container. Please request a price including transport (location: Netherlands). Kind regards, Henk Hoos.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: COMPACT, The COMPACT model plasma cutting machine is a machine model that protects your budget through lower investment and reduced costs, prioritizing reliability, user-friendliness, and compactness as its three main principles. The Compact is a valid solution for the needs of a wide market segment, offering an excellent cost/benefit ratio for anyone dedicated to sheet metal processing. COMPACT is characterized by a monoblock design with a compact layout, making it easy to transport and suitable for medium and small workshops. This system is ideal for high-capacity plasma power sources. The system comes equipped with an extraction filter and plasma power source, and it can be configured with various CNC and software options depending on customer requirements. The Compact can feature a working range between 1,500mm x 3,000mm and 2,000mm x 6,000mm. Nlodpoyzm S Aefx Afaea

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: PLASMA CUTTING, Equipment: documentation/manual, The PROCUT model plasma cutting machine is designed to operate under all conditions. Its main advantage is a robust frame structure, making it suitable for heavy industrial use. Rails and frames are the most critical factors during the cutting process. They ensure that the machine remains stable and in good condition for a longer lifespan. It can be equipped with high-capacity power sources in sizes ranging from 1,500mm x 3,000mm up to 3,000mm x 12,000mm. All customer requirements can be integrated into the strong construction of PROCUT. This allows it to meet customer demands in the best possible way. Custom manufacturing in requested dimensions is possible, depending on your requirements and workspace. Njdpsyzhl Dsfx Afasla

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: COMBO (Plasma, Drilling, OXY-Fuel, Bevel), Equipment: CE marking, documentation/manual, * COMBO offers customers the most innovative technological solutions and features a wide range of models. * It is a highly advanced machine equipped with a 6- and 12-station automatic tool changer ISO 40 drilling system, offering capabilities such as drilling, tapping, countersinking, plasma cutting, OXY cutting, and ±45° bevel cutting. * The COMBO has a working range from 1,500 mm x 3,000 mm up to 4,000 mm x 24,000 mm and can be equipped with high-capacity plasma power sources. * Plasma Cutting * Drilling * Tapping * Countersinking * OXY-Fuel Cutting * Fully welded, heavy-duty machine frame. * High-durability cutting table designed for easy replacement. * Dual drive system with linear rails, rack and pinion. * Compliance with CE standards. ISO 40 Drilling System Nlsdpfx Asyy Rn Ssfaea * 6-station automatic tool changer (optional 12-station). * CNC-controlled automatic coolant spraying system during cutting. * 26 kW spindle motor power. * Drilling capacity: Ø M5 to Ø M40 (HSS, UDRILL). * Drilling depth: 100 mm * Drilling speed: 0.15 – 0.35 mm/rev. * Spindle speed: 1,500 rpm * Hypertherm / Thermal Dynamics power sources. * Hypertherm / Eurosoft CNC controls. * Possibility to import .dxf and .dwg files via Pronest / Cut-Expert CAD-CAM.

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2026, machine/vehicle number: MASTER PLUS (Müşteriye Özel Ölçüler), control type: CNC control, laser type: fiber laser, type of cooling: water, Equipment: CE marking, centralized greasing system, cooling unit, documentation/manual, emergency stop, safety light barrier, * MASTER PLUS is a high-capacity, technologically advanced fiber laser cutting machine primarily used for cutting large metal sheets. It is capable of processing long, wide, and various materials in a single operation. For materials of variable sizes, it allows for flexible operation by creating continuous, uninterrupted, and independent cutting zones at different points of the machine. Enables higher production speeds and increased efficiency when processing large-volume materials, leading to significant savings in time and labor. * Single table, fixed cutting bed. * Customizable, available with a wide range of cutting areas. * Equipped with Raycus, MaxPhotonics, and IPG resonators. * Features Raytools, Precitec, and Bochu laser cutting heads. * LYNCA/CYBELEC, Eurosoft, ESA CNC systems. * 21.5'' touch screen for easy operation. * CE-compliant. * Configurable with fiber laser sources from 2kW up to 30kW. * Bevel cutting option available. * User-friendly design, easy access to the cutting area. * Thermally processed, robust monoblock welded steel frame for enhanced structural integrity. * Aluminum bridge design provides higher resistance and dynamic performance. Nledpfx Aoyy Nrvjfasa * Energy saving through low power consumption. * Remote service capability. * Automatic lubrication system. * Since both design and manufacturing are done in-house, custom production is available according to customer requirements.

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2026, machine/vehicle number: MASTER 1500x3000mm / 1500x4000mm / 2000x4000mm / 2000x6000mm / 2500x6000mm, control type: CNC control, laser type: fiber laser, laser source manufacturer: RAYCUS - MAXPHOTONICS - IPG, type of cooling: water, Equipment: CE marking, documentation/manual, * The MASTER series fiber laser cutting machines deliver high cutting performance, thanks to their robust frame construction and compatibility with power sources up to 30 kW. * Equipped with an automatic, rear-exchange dual shuttle table. * The standard configuration of the MASTER includes a rear table exchange system and the option to integrate automated loading and unloading systems. * Customizable cutting areas are available. * Working ranges: 1,500x3,000 mm / 1,500x4,000 mm / 2,000x4,000 mm / 2,000x6,000 mm / 2,500x6,000 mm. * Available with Raycus, MaxPhotonics, and IPG resonators. * Compatible with Raytools, Precitec, and Bochu laser cutting heads. * LYNCA/CYBELEC, Eurosoft, ESA CNC control units. Nedpoyy I N Hofx Afasla * Enhanced usability with a 21.5'' touchscreen interface. * Compliant with CE standards. * Can be equipped with fiber laser sources ranging from 2 kW to 30 kW. * User-friendly design ensures easy access to the cutting area. * Rigid, monoblock, welded steel frame with heat treatment ensures high durability and mechanical stability. * Aluminum bridge design provides added rigidity and excellent dynamic performance. * Designed for energy efficiency with low power consumption. * Remote service capability. * Automatic lubrication system included. * As design and manufacturing are performed in-house, customization according to customer-specific requirements is possible.

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2026, machine/vehicle number: EDGE PLUS 1500 x 3000mm / 1500 x 4000mm, control type: CNC control, laser type: fiber laser, laser source manufacturer: RAYCUS - MAXPHOTONICS - IPG, Equipment: CE marking, centralized greasing system, cooling unit, documentation/manual, emergency stop, safety light barrier, * Raycus, MaxPhotonics, and IPG resonators. * Raytools, Precitec, and Bochu laser cutting heads. * LYNCA/CYBELEC, Eurosoft, ESA CNC systems. * 21.5'' touchscreen for high ease of use. * Dual table cutting system with side loading and motorized table exchange. * Occupies 40% less floor space compared to a standard fiber laser cutting machine. * Easy and cost-effective transportation. * CE compliant. * Compact design with a transverse, removable cutting table. * Can be equipped with fiber laser sources ranging from 2kW to 12kW. * Working range: 1,500mm x 3,000mm and 1,500mm x 4,000mm. * User-friendly and provides easy access to the cutting area. * Rigid, monoblock, welded steel body and robust machine structure, thermally stress-relieved. * Aluminum gantry design for increased rigidity and high dynamic performance. * Energy-saving with low power consumption. * Remote service capability. * Automatic lubrication system. * Customized production available according to specific client requirements, as both design and manufacturing are carried out in-house. Nljdpfx Asyy Iyrjfasa

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2026, machine/vehicle number: EDGE 1500 X 3000 / 1500 X 4000, control type: CNC control, laser type: fiber laser, laser source manufacturer: RAYCUS - MAXPHOTONICS - IPG, type of cooling: water, Equipment: CE marking, centralized greasing system, cooling unit, documentation/manual, emergency stop, * Raycus, MaxPhotonics and IPG resonators. * Raytools, Precitec, and Bochu laser cutting heads. * LYNCA/CYBELEC, Eurosoft, ESA CNC. * High user convenience with a 21.5'' touchscreen display. * Occupies 40% less floor space compared to a conventional fiber laser cutting machine. * Easy and cost-effective transportation. * CE conformity. Nljdpfx Ajyyxpqofaea * Features a compact design and a transverse removable cutting table. * Can be equipped with fiber laser sources ranging from 2kW to 6kW. * Working range: 1,500mm x 3,000mm and 1,500mm x 4,000mm. * User-friendly, with easy access to the cutting area. * Thermally treated, robust, monoblock welded steel frame for enhanced rigidity. * Aluminum bridge design provides increased strength and high dynamic performance. * Energy saving through low power consumption. * Remote service capability. * Automatic lubrication system. * Production according to customers’ special requirements, as both design and manufacturing are carried out in-house.