Used Thalmann Swing Bending Machine Double Bender for sale (74,168)

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, "Prod-Masz" your partner when it comes to bending. Our name stands for innovative products of the highest quality and reliability. Our bending machines impress with their particular flexibility, performance and versatility. Folding beam only 15mm RED 3200 / 0.8mm Technical specifications: the maximum working length: 3200 mm Bending capacity: 0.8 mm (steel) 1.2 mm (aluminum, copper, zinc) Folding beam thickness: 15 mm Bending angle: max. 150 degrees Upper cheek opening: 80 mm Ijdpfxocv S H As Ah Eotl Weight: approx. 600 kg The price also includes the front depth stops and the rear frame. Bending from 3 sides -> cutouts to the side 60mm / 45 ° recess Price: 5100.00 EUR rotary shears + 350 Euro Delivery date: every week We are looking forward to your contact! The invoices are issued either with 0% of VAT as intra-Community delivery.

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2026, control type: CNC control, degree of automation: automatic, actuation type: hydraulic, controller manufacturer: Shenzhen ICM Technology Development Co., Ltd., controller model: 880W02, pipe diameter (max.): 38 mm, pipe length (max.): 3 mm, tube wall thickness (max.): 2 mm, bending angle (max.): 190 °, bending radius (max.): 200 mm, bending radius (min.): 2 mm, mandrel length: 150 mm, number of axes: 2, table length: 3 mm, overall weight: 1,300 kg, total length: 3,900 mm, total width: 900 mm, total height: 1,400 mm, power: 4 kW (5.44 HP), input voltage: 400 V, input current: 20 A, input frequency: 50 Hz, type of input current: three-phase, oil tank capacity: 80 l, number of digital displays: 1, warranty duration: 36 months, Equipment: CE marking, documentation/manual, emergency stop, foot remote control, quick-change device, Full Automatic Pipe Bending Machine DW38CNC-2A-1S Equipped with a touchscreen and CNC control system; capable of storing up to 500 sets of parameter groups. Features a rebound compensation setting program, with built-in confidentiality protection for programs and processing data. Servo control is adopted for corner bending, pipe bending and material feeding functions. The operating system is protected by passwords and physical keys, and supports production quantity & runtime records for efficient production management. Comes with slow bending and slow core pulling functions. Fault messages are displayed on the screen to help operators troubleshoot problems promptly. Touchscreen This pipe bender is equipped with a Weinview industrial touchscreen for its operation interface, which delivers an intuitive operation experience and allows new operators to get started quickly. You can directly edit the pipe bending process parameters on the interface, such as feeding distance, rotation angle and bending angle, and separately set the running speed for each step. During operation, the interface displays real-time axis positions, bending progress and production cycle, and automatically counts total output and shift output to help you manage production efficiency effectively. It also supports manual single-step debugging, automatic continuous operation, program editing and equipment parameter setting. Different modes can be switched with one click, making it convenient for machine trial runs and mass production alike. Itjdpfx Ahoy Uuw Te Eel Hydraulic solenoid valve manifold This integrated hydraulic solenoid valve manifold serves as the control center of the CNC pipe bender's hydraulic system. Adopting industrial-grade modular design, it integrates multiple solenoid valves to independently control the movements of the feeding axis, rotating axis, bending axis, as well as clamping, auxiliary pushing and other auxiliary mechanisms. Linked with the CNC system, it converts control commands into precise hydraulic power output, enabling smooth operation throughout pipe feeding, rotation and forming. Matched with high-pressure sealed hydraulic hoses, it maintains zero leakage and high stability under full-load operating conditions, delivering reliable performance for long-term mass production. Servo drive These four units are Mitsubishi servo drives equipped on our pipe bender, acting as the power core that governs key movements including material feeding, pipe rotation and pipe bending. Adopting Mitsubishi MR-JE series industrial-grade high-end servo drives, they feature high positioning accuracy and fast response. Both feeding distance and rotating angle can be controlled precisely with no deviation. With excellent stability, they rarely lose steps or malfunction during long-hour continuous operation. This ensures consistent bending precision for every pipe and a high finished product yield.

Condition: as good as new (ex-display), Year of construction: 2025, sheet width 1050 mm plate thickness 2.0 mm roll length 1070 mm roll diam. toproll 75.0 mm engine output 1.5 kW weight 325 kg range L-W-H 1530 x 700 x 1160 mm Exhibition machine - like NEW not yet in use (!!) Special price on request Equipment: - electro-motor-driven 3-roller round bending machine - asymmetrical roller arrangement - 2x driven rollers using a brake motor - manual folding bearing for quick removal of the workpiece - wire insertion grooves on the bottom and rear rollers - double foot switch for R/L running including emergency stop button - rear roller feed with ratchet lever - electrical safety device Itedpfx Ahsxacbus Eel

Condition: as good as new (ex-display), Year of construction: 2025, sheet width 1250 mm plate thickness 1.5 mm roll length 1270 mm roll diam. toproll 75.0 mm engine output 1.5 kW weight 400 kg Isdpjxaafdsfx Ah Eotl range L-W-H 1730 x 700 x 1160 mm Exhibition machine - like NEW not yet in use (!!) Special price on request Equipment: - electro-motor-driven 3-roller round bending machine - asymmetrical roller arrangement - 2x driven rollers using a brake motor - manual folding bearing for quick removal of the workpiece - wire insertion grooves on the bottom and rear rollers - double foot switch for R/L running including emergency stop button - rear roller feed with ratchet lever - electrical safety device

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1981, Press brake, bending machine, swing bending machine, die bending machine -Swivel bending machine: with opening upper jaw for completely closed bent sheet metal profiles Itodpfxsz Ay Iko Ah Ejl -Manufacturer: LOTZE Type HZ 2500/3 -Drive: mechanical, cam control semi-automatic / bending angle preselection -Max. working width: 2500 mm -Max. sheet thickness: 3 mm -Max. intermediate dimension: 470 mm -Connected load: 6 kW Accessories: incl. bending tools/stops, see photos -Dimensions: 4150/1110/H1970 mm -Weight: 5040 kg

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1994, functionality: fully functional, Lvd PPEB 110/20 MNC 95 Sheet metal bending machine Good condition Includes machine manual Machine weight: ca.9480 kg Width: 3600 mm Itedpfx Ahov Er T Us Eol Length: 2700 mm Height: 3000 mm

Condition: used, CNC press brake WEINBRENNER, type EGP 80 Itodpfoz A Ia Ssx Ah Esl Die-bending machine (DEFECTIVE) Serial No. 1257G, Year of manufacture 1991 Press force 80 tons Working length 1300 mm Stroke 260 mm with Cybelec DNC 94 PS with back gauge Weight 8800 kg without tools, tooling system probably TRUMPF Machine is not functioning, control system does not boot up. The parameters are probably lost.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2018, operating hours: 34,000 h, functionality: fully functional, Great opportunity! Like-new Salvagnini S4 / P4 from the first owner, built in 2018! The machine is in perfect, like-new condition and ready for immediate use! The system has been regularly serviced by Salvagnini, and the machine is covered by a maintenance contract. Technical data and Salvagnini internal number: Punching machine/shear with rotating station S4Xe.30 consisting of: Conveyor belt TAC30.L2000 Corner turning device DA30 Punching machine S4Xe.30 Punch head H3 Oil-dynamic hydraulic unit HU22E Control and management of the SiX system Right-angle shear CS5S Turning device DF Iodpfszh I Iiox Ah Ejtl Lower cylinder EI09 Embossing unit BU30 Double rotating punch P2R3132 Double rotating punch P2R3334 Threading roll unit ME35 Device for automatic application of self-adhesive labels LBC (label printer) Portal robot MC30 Conveyor with brushes CTS30 Shear lift table TCV3015 Water-air cooling unit R81E Tools (detailed list available on request) P4Xe-3125 Swivel bending machine including roller and turning station consisting of: Shear lift table TCV3015.CT.RPC Feeder-destacker device PCD3015 Turning device RIP3015 Bending center P4Xe-3125 Upper bending die LS Lower bending die LI Programmable clamping device U1 Standard clamping foot NS Control and management of the SiX system Work surface with balls SFE Device for cleaning and lubricating the bending dies PSE Asymmetrical control for auxiliary bending tools for positive bends CLA-A CLA tool set with "swan neck profile" UCE1500G38 Asymmetrical control for auxiliary bending tools for negative bends CLA-N-A CLA tool set with "swan neck profile" for negative bends UCE1500NG38 Device for V-notch RSU.UR-4 Swiveling device for auxiliary tools T Option for cutting and dispensing profiles CUT.SPC31 T-tool for 90° bends UTZ2 Delivery device/buffer for panels SAP34.POS The system has a hinged belt conveyor for central disposal of the sheet metal sections. These are then conveyed to tipping containers via a swan neck conveyor. Sorting according to stainless steel, aluminum, and black sheet metal is fully automatic. A weighing and level measuring device is integrated and reports the level via the control system. The machine can be inspected and tested by arrangement. Additional videos and detailed images of the system are available on request!

Condition: new, Rollmak 3-roll round bending machine SM 90-10/3.3 Technical specifications: Sheet width 1050 mm Sheet thickness 3.3 mm max. sheet thickness 3.0 mm Roll length 1050 mm roller diameter 90 mm smallest bending diameter 130 mm Weight 440 kg Dimension L-W-H 1650 x 700 x 1160 mm Motor:1,1 KW Equipment: Top and bottom roller electrically driven Swing-out top roller Rear roller infeed with handwheel Conical bending device Asymmetrical roller arrangement Self-braking main motor Separate control panel safety line Values apply to St-37 / 240 N/mm² CE mark Itodpfx Ahotzll Es Esl

Condition: new, pressure 80.0 t stroke 285 mm flat steel 300 x 25 mm working feed 10.0 mm/sec return speed 10.0 mm/min work height max. 930 mm table: 750 x 1425 mm total power requirement 10.0 kW motor 400 Volt 50 Hz oil volume 120 l weight 1700 kg range L-W-H 1500 x 750 x 1800 mm Features: - Electro-hydraulic horizontal bending machine Isdpfxjxabhae Ah Eetl - Large, robust machine table made of hardened steel - Machine made of hardened and ground forged steel - Digital display for stroke setting * Programming of 1x bending end point & 1x return point possible - 1x tool set (1x bending punch / 1x 1V die) * Bending punch .. degree: 60° / bending radius: 5.0 mm * Die .. degree: 85° / V opening: 100.0 mm - Infinitely variable adjustment of bending speed & pressing force - 1x manual material stop - Freely movable double foot switch - Machine can be moved with a pallet truck/forklift - Operating instructions

Condition: new, – Capacity: 34 x 3 mm – Digitally adjustable stroke – Emergency stop switch – With 3 tool sets: 33.7 mm, 21.4 mm, 16 mm – Documentation – Weight: 80 kg – 400V Iedpfx Ahsxq Hl Es Eetl

Condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2024, actuation type: electric, roller diameter: 90 mm, working width: 1,270 mm, sheet thickness (max.): 3 mm, overall weight: 520 kg, power: 1.1 kW (1.50 HP), input voltage: 400 V, rotational speed (max.): 6 rpm, type of input current: three-phase, Equipment: cone bending device, emergency stop, foot remote control, hardened rollers, swiveling upper roller, sheet metal roll bending machine BOLUK BM 1270 x 90 - 2.5 mm NEW! for sale. manufacturer: BOLUK 1270X90mm Itodpfx Ahsxhub As Eel year of manufacture: 2024 Bending Length: 1270 mm Bending capacity: 2.5 mm Roller diameter 90 mm - SAE 1050 certified high tensile steel rollers - Wire grooves at the ends of the rollers (4/6/9) mm - Manually adjustable rear roller - Mobile control panel with foot pedal - Precision bending with brake motor - Conical bending device - Manually foldable end - Cast iron main frames Bending speed 6m / min Motor power 1.1 kW 50Hz 380v Wire groove diameter 4/7/10 mm Machine dimensions 1850x700x1200 mm Weight 520 kg

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1994, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 13960, overall weight: 3,340 kg, Göteneds K25-25 A1200 Kombi – Metalworking Machine For sale is a robust and reliable combination machine from the Swedish manufacturer Göteneds. This machine is ideally suited for industrial metalworking applications, distinguished by its sturdy construction and precise operation. Iedpfx Ahjy D A Hno Eotl Technical Data: Manufacturer: Göteneds (Sweden) Model: K25-25 A1200 Kombi Working area (SS 1312): 2550 x 25 mm Serial number: 13960 Year of manufacture: 06/1994 Weight: approx. 3,340 kg Description: The machine is designed for demanding applications, offering high stability and dependable performance in continuous operation. Its massive construction makes it particularly well-suited for precise machining processes. Condition: Used, fully operational (more detailed condition information can be added – e.g., "can be inspected under power" or "regularly serviced"). Special features: High-quality machine made in Sweden Excellent build quality Industrial-grade design

Year of construction: 2005, condition: good (used), Double-head PVC profile welding machine. Itodpfx Aozdqpbjh Eel

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, ZGH-type machines are a versatile solution for sheet metal processing. They are universally applicable for demanding workshop applications. To create this versatile solution for all applications up to 1.2 mm steel sheet, PPHU Prod Masz drew on its many years of experience in mechanical engineering. The ZGH machines offer the optimum in precision, durability, and stability. This model is equipped with a control panel. Maximum working length: 3140 mm Maximum sheet thickness: 1.2 mm (steel) Iedjc I Tn Hopfx Ah Eotl Weight of the manual machine: approximately 2100 kilograms Upper beam lifting in three stages Bending die: 30 mm Maximum clear distance between the beams: 100 mm Bending angle: 150 degrees Delivery to Germany: 750 euros Delivery time: up to 2 weeks Optional: roller shear at an additional cost Optional: rear stops with scale at an additional cost We look forward to hearing from you!

Condition: used, Technical details: bending angle max.: 180 ° working height: 350-550 mm operating voltage: 380 V revolutions per minute: 10-20 U/min number of bars max.: 1-4 mm total power requirement: 1,3/2,1 kW Weight approx.: 690 kg Iodpfjxu Dxqox Ah Eotl dimension machine xH: 1,2 x 0,87 x 1,2 m -Two plate speeds -Mode selector switch for automatic mode, jog mode, continuous operation -Four continuously adjustable counterholder bars without accessories! *

Year of construction: 1995, condition: good (used), The bender can bend aluminum and plastic, Total length: approx. 11500 mm, depth: 1600 mm. Itodpfxjrif U Eo Ah Ejl

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, Outstanding workmanship and practical detailed solutions convince with this bending machine, the bending performance is sufficiently dimensioned with 0.65 mm sheet steel for most applications. The expansive legs of the folding machine give this machine a very safe working position and also prevent it from "tipping over" quickly during transport. Maximum working width of the press brake: 4140 mm Bending capacity: up to 0.6 mm (steel sheet) Bending machine bending angle: 145 degrees Bending beam thickness: 20 mm Cut with the roller shears over the entire working width Lifting of the upper beam in three positions Passage opening: 80 mm degree scale angle stop depth stops Weight of the folding bench: approx. 650 kg Shipping from Poland. Please ask! 12 MONTHS WARRANTY! Delivery: every week Roller scissors 0.8mm - plus 350 euros Manual folding machine plus 75 euros We are looking forward to your contact! Isdpfx Ahjcv S Eio Eotl Invoices are issued with 0% as intra-community delivery or with plus 23% of VAT.

Year of construction: 2003, condition: good (used), functionality: fully functional, Highly Automated CNC Pipe Bending Cell: Rosenberger RB20 Typical Applications The RB20 series is designed for the cold bending of pipes with one or more bends. It is used in industries such as the automotive industry, furniture manufacturing, and plant engineering, where precise, repetitive bends are required. Technical Features and Function Type: ROSENBERGER RB20 (manufactured in 2003) Performance & Geometry: Servo-electric precision drive with a cold bending capacity of up to Ø 20 x 1.5 mm in steel. High flexibility thanks to freely selectable bending planes within the 78 mm die height and generous 3-axis travel ranges (X/Y/Z: 260 × 146 × 1,170 mm) Control Technology: The logic is managed by a robust Siemens Simatic S7-300 PLC, paired with an industrial operator panel from B&R Robotic Automation: Fully automatic handling (loading/unloading) via an integrated Motoman industrial robot, complete with XRC controller and the corresponding teach-in terminal for path programming. Product removal is carried out reliably via a discharge conveyor belt. Itedpfxezz Hn Is Ah Ejl Marking system (upgraded in 2021): A modern, high-performance VideoJet 1860 inkjet coder (manufactured in 2021) with microprocessor control enables direct product marking (e.g., lot numbers or barcodes) immediately after the bending process System Safety & Peripherals: CE-compliant safety measures via a SICK safety light curtain and a perimeter safety fence. Optical status indication via R

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, CORMAK RBM 30HV Tube and Profile Bending Machine The CORMAK RBM 30HV tube and profile bending machine is a versatile three-roll, non-mandrel bending machine designed for professional bending of steel tubes, rectangular hollow sections, and solid bars. Its compact design, ability to operate in both vertical and horizontal positions, and precise upper roll adjustment make it an ideal solution for workshops, production facilities, and service companies where reliability, accuracy, and application flexibility are essential. Main Advantages of the Machine Non-mandrel bending system – enables bending without deformation of the cross-section, including applications requiring larger bending radii. Vertical and horizontal operation capability – provides flexibility in machine positioning depending on the workspace and production process. Precise upper roll adjustment with vernier scale – allows repeatable and controlled bending operations. Ground and hardened guide rolls – ensure accurate material guidance and long service life of working components. Hardened steel rolls – provide high wear resistance and maintain accuracy during long-term operation. Foot pedal control – enables convenient and ergonomic machine operation. Two-direction roll rotation – allows bending of complex shapes and closed arcs. Construction and Technology The CORMAK RBM 30HV is built on a rigid steel frame that provides resistance to deformation during bending operations. The 30 mm diameter rolls are made of hardened steel, ensuring durability even when working with demanding materials. The adjustable upper roll allows precise setting of the bending radius, while the 0.75 kW drive motor provides sufficient working force while maintaining compact machine dimensions. The machine can operate in both vertical and horizontal configurations, depending on the type of material being processed and available workspace. Precision and Work Efficiency Thanks to the three-roll bending system and precise pressure adjustment, the CORMAK RBM 30HV tube and profile bender provides high bending accuracy, even when processing thin-walled steel tubes and delicate closed profiles. The ability to rotate the rolls in both directions significantly simplifies the production of complex curves and spiral-shaped elements. The rotation speed of 9 rpm ensures an optimal working pace while maintaining full control over the bending process. Applications The CORMAK RBM 30HV is designed for light and medium-duty production and service applications. It is particularly suitable for: metalworking and fabrication workshops, light steel structure manufacturing, tube and profile fabrication in the furniture and fencing industries, production of decorative and functional shaped components. Standard Equipment Side guide rolls Foot pedal control system Technical documentation (DTR) in Polish CE Declaration of Conformity Technical Specifications Parameter Value Round tube capacity 30 × 1 mm Rectangular profile capacity 30 × 30 × 1 mm Round bar capacity 16 mm Solid rectangular bar capacity 30 × 10 mm Roll diameter 30 mm Roll speed 9 rpm Motor power 0.75 kW Ijdpfx Ahsu Snlkj Estl Power supply 3-phase, 400 V Dimensions (L × W × H) 1200 × 750 × 1210 mm Weight 252 kg Manufacturer: CORMAK

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2008, machine/vehicle number: 61108042022, 5-axis CNC tube bending machine BLM Dynamo ELE - MR200 Serial number: 61108042022 Year of construction: 2008 Machine weight: 1850 kg Itedoqy E R Tjpfx Ah Eel BLM bar loader BLM CARM 7 Serial number: 340380106175 Year of construction: 2008 Weight kg: 650 With conveyor belt Without protective grid

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, The high quality of the workmanship and the attention to detail of all elements ensure reliable and long-term use. Press brake, swivel bending machine Model: ZGR-4000 / 0.8mm Technical specifications: maximum working width: 4140 mm Bending capacity up to 0.8 mm (sheet steel) Bending angle: max. 155 degrees Bending beam: 30 mm the cut with the roller shear across the entire working width lifting the top beam in different positions Upper beam stroke: 80 mm Gas pressure springs + graduation scale rear depth stops Weight: approx. 1000 kg The roller shear NK 0.8 - cutting capacity: 0.8 mm (steel sheet) + 350 Euro The machine complies with the CE guidelines and has a 12 month guarantee. Short delivery times! Ordered today - delivered next week! We are looking forward to your contact! Iodpfxjcxvaqj Ah Eotl We issue invoices with 0% (intra-community delivery)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2004, grinding wheel diameter 660 mm Control Siemens 840D work piece width min. 5 / max. 180 mm max. workpiece diameter 200 mm weight of the machine ca. 15,0 t dimensions of the machine ca. L 3,1 x B 4,0 x 2,7 m One machine is suitable for rough grinding, and the other for finish grinding. The machines were used for the production of connecting rods. In our assessment, the machine is in good used condition. Accessories, tools, and work-holding devices shown are included in the scope of delivery only if specified in the additional information. Subject to change and errors in technical data and specifications; subject to prior sale. Iodpfxjxq R Haj Ah Eetl

Condition: like new (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2024, machine/vehicle number: 4ROLL 3000X 15 MM, roller (bottom) diameter: 270 mm, roller (top) diameter: 290 mm, side roll diameter: 250 mm, roller diameter: 310 mm, roller length: 3,100 mm, working width: 3,000 mm, working height: 800 mm, sheet thickness (max.): 15 mm, sheet thickness steel (max.): 15 mm, sheet thickness aluminum (max.): 20 mm, sheet thickness copper (max.): 25 mm, overall weight: 8,500 kg, total length: 5,100 mm, total width: 1,500 mm, total height: 1,800 mm, power: 7.35 kW (9.99 HP), number of digital displays: 2, warranty duration: 12 months, cone diameter: 400 mm, working length: 3,000 mm, Equipment: cone bending device, documentation/manual, emergency stop, hardened rollers, swiveling upper roller, 4 ROLL DUAL PRE-PINCH ROLLING MACHINE NEW -Width of plate 3000 mm -Thickness of plate rolling 15 mm -Thickness of plate pre-bend 12 mm minimum bending diameter ID 350 mm Itjdpfx Ahewfc S Tj Ejl Rolls dimensions: -Surface length mm. 3100 -Top roll mm. 290 -pinch roll mm. 270 -Power electric 10 Hp Technical data: -rolls hardened surface high resistance -variable rolling speed -Powered driven hydraulic rolls rotation -conical bending attachment roller type -calibration system re-rolling welded shells -deflection pinch pressure adjustable upon the thickness -overload protect complete safe operation of the machine. -control console on wheels with electric joysticks commands -position readout digital display for rolling memorize and repeat

Condition: ready for operation (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2021, machine/vehicle number: 20210330-2, control type: CNC control, pipe diameter (max.): 63 mm, pipe length (max.): 2,600 mm, bending angle (max.): 190 °, bending radius (max.): 350 mm, bending radius (min.): 25 mm, overall weight: 3,000 kg, total length: 5,000 mm, total width: 1,200 mm, total height: 1,350 mm, CNC 63CNC AUTOMATIC MANDREL BENDING MACHINE – FOR TUBES AND PROFILES For sale: CNC 63CNC automatic mandrel bending machine, designed for precise bending of tubes and profiles. The machine is equipped with CNC/PLC control with a touchscreen and the ability to save bending programs. TECHNICAL DATA: -Maximum diameter / material dimension: Ø63 × 4 mm -Bending radius: 25–350 mm -Bending angle range: 0–190° -Effective length on the mandrel: 2600 mm -Motor power: 7.5 kW -Maximum pressure: 160 kg/cm² Iedpfx Ahjzy Rgxs Estl -Machine dimensions: 5000 × 1200 × 1350 mm -Weight: approx. 3000 kg EQUIPMENT AND FUNCTIONS: -PLC control with touchscreen -Automatic and manual mode -Diagnostic system -Full hydraulic clamping -Up to 100 programs, each with up to 20 bending operations -Independently programmable speeds of axes Y, B, and C -Programmable material springback compensation -Automatic release of the tube before final bending -Cycle start via foot pedal -Air cooling The machine enables repeatable, precise bending and is designed for production applications where efficiency and process repeatability are essential. Transportation is the buyer's responsibility.