Used Double Wheel Grinding Machine for sale (83,534)

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, grinding spindle motor power: 4 W, input voltage: 380 V, Universal surface grinding machine with a horizontal grinding spindle and cross table. Designed for precision grinding of flat surfaces using the periphery of the grinding wheel. Suitable for grinding various metal components. Manufacturer: “Krasny Borets”, USSR Model: 3E711V Table size: 630 × 200 mm Grinding wheel: Ø250 × 40 × 76 mm Spindle motor power: 4 kW Power supply: 380 V Bodpez Hi Skofx Afgswu Complete with hydraulic unit GS-3E711V-1-UHL4

Condition: reconditioned (used), Year of construction: 2016, functionality: fully functional, WEINIG Rondamat 1000 CNC – High-precision knife grinding machine For sale is a used WEINIG Rondamat 1000 CNC, manufactured in 2016. The Rondamat 1000 CNC is a high-precision CNC knife grinding machine for fully automatic sharpening and manufacturing of profile knives, as well as for re-sharpening of straight planer knives and profile knives in the knife head. Technical data and equipment: * Manufacturer: WEINIG * Model: Rondamat 1000 CNC * Year of manufacture: 2016 * High-precision knife grinding machine * Automatic import of CNC programs from Moulder Master * Fully automatic sharpening and manufacturing of profile knives from a blank * Fully automatic re-sharpening of straight planer knives and profile knives in the knife head * Grinding of planer knives in the planer head with standard knife overhang possible Grinding unit: * Solid spindle carrier with precise guides * Roundness accuracy less than 0.005 mm * Motorized radial adjustment for different grinding wheel diameters * Back clearance angle fully automatically adjustable * Lateral clearance angle fully automatically adjustable * Grinding spindle with HSK mounting * HSK 50F * Grinding wheel diameter: 150–200 mm * Grinding wheel width (Borazon/Diamond): 2 / 3 / 4 / 10 mm Bjdpoz Eypdsfx Afgjwu * Grinding wheel bore: 60 mm * Grinding spindle drive: 1.5 kW (2 HP) * Grinding spindle speed: 1,500–3,000 rpm, frequency-controlled * Radial clearance angle grinding: 10–30° * Lateral clearance angle: 0–20° Automatic equipment: * Automatic grinding wheel measurement using a mechanical measuring process * Automatic compensation for grinding wheel wear * Automatic tool changer * Grinding wheel magazine with 3 magazine slots * Coolant system * Automatic coolant cleaning via a transport filter system * Coolant tank approx. 70 liters * Coolant additive: 5 liters * Coolant pump: 210 W * LED light for the machine interior Tool holder: * System "PowerLock 360" * Suitable for grinding PowerLock tools and large-sized boring tools * Max. tool weight: 80 kg * Tool holder with manual HSK quick-change system * Interchangeable receiving spindle for right and left tools * Max. tool width: 360 mm * Max. tool circle diameter: 300 mm * Min. tool circle diameter: 90 mm * PowerLock adapter for conventional tools, shank diameter 50 mm * Additional dividing head * Additional PowerLock adapter for conventional tools 40 mm or 50 mm Electrical data: * Operating voltage: 400 V * Voltage range: 380–420 V * Frequency: 50 Hz * Total connected power: approx. 3 kW (4 HP) Operation and control: * Operation from the front * Graphical user interface * Connection to WEINIG Moulder Master * Management of grinding wheels * Management of CNC programs * Setting of machining parameters such as feed speed, depth of cut, and feed cycles * Setting of tool parameters such as number of cutting edges, tool diameter, and blank material * Display of the current machining progress * CNC program generation in conjunction with Moulder Master

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 1991, functionality: fully functional, We have two CSEPEL FKP326-10 gear grinding machine as follows. 1)1991 (Changed new PLC dated on Oct. 2024) Bwsdpez Am Nzjfx Afgju 2)1989 Included all the auxiliary tools and accessories. They are well in operation at site. Thank you very much. Best Wishes, Steve Bae

Year of construction: 2018, condition: as good as new (ex-display), Quiet running, maintenance-free motor Laterally closed protective hoods Bodpfx Afjiiyuqjgewu Stable, adjustable workpiece supports High safety comfort due to adjustable spark deflectors Suitable for grinding, deburring and sharpening all kinds of tools, metal profiles, etc. Motor circuit breaker and undervoltage release Spark/eye protection on both sides Connection cable with CEE plug 16 A 1 grinding wheel each coarse and fine Machine stand, emergency stop pushbutton and brake, and suction unit Also other models available from stock! Inquire about the current stock.

Condition: good (used), Surface grinding machine Bwedpfx Afjz Hzyyegsu Manufacturer: Harig Stock number: 2965-4 Year of manufacture: Machine number: Type: Super 612 Grinding length: 300 mm Grinding width: 175 mm Table clamping surface: 300 x 150 mm Magnet: 250 x 120 mm Vertical adjustment: 250 mm Table movement, longitudinal: 330 mm, manual Table movement, transverse: 175 mm, manual Spindle speed: 3,600 rpm Grinding wheels: 200 x 20 x 51 mm Connection: kW Accessories/Equipment: Condition: good Weight: t Dimensions: 870 x 900 x 1,900 mm

Condition: new, neu ca. 2 Wochen ab Auftragse Italien 17940 € 344.45 € Dm. 200x78x78 mm 2800 1/min 300 mm 300x150x55 mm 350x150 mm 500x160 mm 3.6 kW 1020 mm 820 mm 2170 mm 440 kg This Grinding machine with fixed table derives from the model R.V. 500 but it differs from it as it is equippedwith a long column supported by four bearings and is opportunely stiffened by a sturdy column support. This Surface grinding machine, due to its stiffness and geometrical stability, is highly suitable for grinding with precision pieces of notable height: single or mass-produced die-shop components, moulds, punches, gears and others. Moreover, the nuts of the vertical translation screw and the dowels to realign the wheel motor to the axis,equipping this model of Grinding machine with fixed table, allow preserving perfect work conditions over the years, too. CAST IRON BED to maintain the geometric stability of the grinding machine in time, too. CAST IRON COLUMN, protected by bellows and supported by four adjustable precision bearings, broadly sized for this type of grinding machine with fixed table. Three-phase MOTOR air-cooled by double jacket, to prevent the overheating of the grinding machine motorduring continuous machining and to keep the temperature of the motor shaft and of bearings constant. Hardened, ground and dynamically balanced SHAFT, supported by precision ball bearings, widely sized for this type of grinding machine with fixed table and self-adjusting by means of springs for the backlash preload, to absorb thermal expansions. VERTICAL TRANSLATION SCREW supported by opposite and adjustable ball bearings, with apt motion for maintaining, in this model of grinding machine with fixed table, the wheel work field free from hindrances and for avoiding dust depositions. Metal BELLOWS for a better protection of the vertical translation screw of the grinding machine. Opposite bronze NUTS, for the recovery of the eventual wear in time of the vertical translation screw of the grinding machine with fixed table. REGISTRATION DOWELS to re-align the wheel motor of the grinding machine to the axis, obtaining parallel surfaces also in time. HANDWHEEL of the grinding machine, supported by three bearings and engaged on the screw by means of a pair of helical gears, equipped with graduated drum, supported by a trust bearing, for a stock removal of mm 0.01 - 0.02 - 0.03 for each single pass; the rapid feed per handwheel turn is mm 2. KNOB WITH JACK, for the programmable micrometric feed of mm 0.01 - 0.02 - 0.03 - 0.04 per pulse, which allows a simple use by avoiding the constant increment control. SLOT to permit the maximum use in height of the work field of the grinding machine wheel Bodpfx Aeyv Iqvjfgowu and to clamp non-magnetic parts and accessories such as: magnetic chuck, self-centering chuck and squares. Low-voltage CONTROLS, protection, indicator light and all requisites to comply with safety and conformity regulations provided for this type of grinding machine with fixed table. HANDLES, SHAPES AND SIZES of the grinding machine with fixed table designed to meet the current ergonomic recommendations for work. WITH FOLLOWING ACCESSORIES: Magnetic chuck 300 x 150 mm Wheel flange and cup wheel Semiautomatic dresser with diamond Coolant system Operating manual in German or Italian

Condition: used, Universal external and internal cylindrical grinding machine CINCINNATI - MSO, Type R75 Serial No. 27782, Year of manufacture 1976 Center distance max. 805 mm Workpiece grinding length max. 800 mm Center height 130 mm Swinging diameter max. 250 mm Workpiece grinding diameter max. 250 mm Workpiece weight between centers max. 75 kg Workpiece weight in chuck max. 20 kg Workpiece spindle speed 50 - 390 rpm Tailstock internal taper MK 5 Tailstock short taper flange DIN 55027, Size 5, Ø 82 mm Tailstock spindle bore 38 mm Headstock internal taper MK 3 Grinding wheel diameter max. 300 mm Grinding wheel width max. 40 mm Grinding wheel peripheral speed 30 m/sec Tailstock quick traverse 50 mm Automatic tailstock feed 0.005 to 0.03 mm Manual feed 0.0025 mm Hydraulic table movement 0.05 - 6 m/min Motor power grinding spindle 3 kW Bedpfx Ajz Ek Sisfgewu Motor power workpiece spindle 0.75 kW Motor power internal grinding attachment 0.75 kW Power connection 380 Volt, 50 Hz - Feed and plunge system, manual or automatic feed - Grinding spindle swivels +/- 90° - Workpiece spindle swivels 0 to 90° - Table tilt for taper grinding up to 10° - Counter support / quill for the workpiece spindle with internal taper MK 3 - Internal grinding spindle missing, internal grinding attachment for swiveling - Coolant system adjacent - 1 diamond grinding wheel dresser - 3 grinding wheels with grinding wheel arbors - 1 grinding wheel without grinding wheel arbor - 1 grinding wheel puller - 1 reducing sleeve - 3 centering pins - Several drive dogs - Operating manual with electrical diagram Space requirement L x W x H 2350 x 2000 x 1600 mm Weight 2500 kg Good condition

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1984, machine/vehicle number: No.317, No.327, functionality: fully functional, operating hours: 40,000 h, grinding height: 130 mm, grinding length: 250 mm, grinding spindle speed: 3,300 rpm, grinding width: 100 mm, table length: 400 mm, table width: 225 mm, Equipment: rotational speed infinitely variable, For sale are 2 (two) sets of optical profile grinding machines Wasino type GLS-130AS, with Fanuc control, made in Japan in 1984. 1 machine is full working condition, there are videos of spindle runout and positioning X,Y accuracy measurements. Second machine serial No.327 is the same working condition, just factory worker could not start it up for us, was worked more then 1 year ago. There are accessories, tools and technical documentation for each machine. For 1 machine Wasino complete with accesories and tools, price is 18500 euro EXW stock. Bwodpfxswh Udts Afgju Preferable to sell as package 2 machines together.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2021, operating hours: 120 h, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 115698, total length: 12,200 mm, total width: 1,700 mm, total height: 2,000 mm, input current: 35 A, input frequency: 50 Hz, type of input current: three-phase, input voltage: 400 V, operating speed: 40 mm/s, pressure: 8 bar, The Bavelloni VE500 V10 is a beveling and edging machine with 10 grinding wheels for processing flat edges with a beveled edge and a variable angle on glass with a thickness of 3 to 51 mm. The Bavelloni VE500 V10 has been designed and built using the latest technologies. The machine grinds and bevels in a single processing cycle, ensuring high productivity and quality. Glass thickness: 3 ÷ 51 mm Minimum height of the workpiece: 70 mm Minimum height of the material being processed for a flat edge with a bevel, when using special holders: 50 mm Angle range: 0° - 45° Installed power: 27.7 Kw Minimum compressed air pressure: 8 bar Bedpfxsz Ihdns Afgewu Maximum compressed air consumption: 25 Nl/min Length: 12200 mm Width: 1703 mm Height: 3350 mm Weight: approximately 4500 Kg Processing speed: 0.5 ÷ 5 m/min Water tank capacity: 720 l

Condition: excellent (used), Double bench grinder / grinding stone Grinding wheel diameter: 300 mm Grinding wheel width: 40 mm 380 Volt 1.5 kW Height without pallet: 1200 mm Width: 610 mm Bwedpfx Aoy Hfyisfgeu Depth: 400 mm Weight: 139 kg with pallet

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1989, • Gear grinding machine NILES ZSTZ 08 CNC • CNC: Fanuc 180i-M • Minimum/maximum module: 2/14 • Maximum grinding diameter: 800 mm • Maximum grinding diameter without tailstock: 1000 mm Bjdpfx Ajzk Hfrefgowu • Minimum grinding diameter: 50 mm • Grinding wheel speed: 2450 rpm • Maximum helix angle: 45° • Rotary table diameter: 630 mm A set of change gears is available.

Condition: excellent (used), I am selling an industrial table grinder. Price 550€/ for 1 piece. Bwodpfx Afoud A A Sjgeu

Year of construction: 1977, condition: used, machine/vehicle number: IntNr231519, A used Jung HF 40 surface grinding machine, manufactured in 1977, is offered for sale. This is a robust, heavy-duty model. Technical data: Type: Hydraulic Table size: 400 x 150 mm Grinding length: 400 mm Grinding width: 150 mm Grinding wheel diameter: 200 mm Grinding wheel width: 16 mm Spindle speed: approx. 2,800 rpm Table speed: infinitely variable from 2 to 20 m/min Automatic vertical feed: 0.002–0.013 mm Bwodpjz Ir Siefx Afgju Machine weight: approx. 900 kg Machine dimensions: approx. 1,300 x 1,200 x 1,500 mm The machine can be inspected under power by appointment. Subject to prior sale and changes or errors in the technical data and information.

Condition: good (used), Thread milling machine (?) possibly also suitable for other applications Stock number: 3138 Manufacturer: Maschinenfabrik Ortlieb Esslingen Bed length: 400 mm Tailstock center height: 140 mm Cross slide travel: 220 mm Grinding wheels: 75 x 20 x 20 mm cup wheel Motor speed: 2,775 rpm, 0.175 kW Bjdpfx Afsz Ef Rgjgjwu Spindle motor: 0.16 hp (0.1 kW), 1,400 rpm Accessories/Equipment: 3-jaw chuck, various cam followers Condition: good Total weight: 230 kg Dimensions: 750 x 500 x 1,400 mm

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2002, Technical details: grinding length: 1500 mm grinding width: 700 mm workpiece height: 580 mm table load capacity: 2380 kp table speed -stepless-: 5 - 35 m/min grinding wheel dia. x width: 500 x 100 x 203 mm grinding wheel motor: 18 kW speeds:: infinitely variable (elektronically) total power requirement: 35 kW weight of the machine ca.: 12 t dimensions of the machine ca.: 5,3 x 2,9 x 3,8 (3,18) m surface grinding machine, paper-filter, Bwodpez Dvidjfx Afgou DRO 3 axis, automatic infeed, el.handwheel, full cabin *

Condition: ready for operation (used), functionality: fully functional, total length: 1,300 mm, total height: 1,800 mm, total width: 800 mm, center height: 150 mm, overall weight: 700 kg, No minimum price – guaranteed sale to the highest bidder! Submitting a bid obligates you to collect the item within the specified timeframe between November 16, 2026, and November 26, 2026! TECHNICAL DETAILS Maximum height: approx. 150 mm Spindle length: approx. 800 mm MACHINE DETAILS Dimensions & Weight Dimensions (L x W x H): 1,300 x 800 x 1,800 mm Weight: 700 kg Bedpfx Asz Ilymefgswu External reference: Hercegfi - Lot 112

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2019, Ziersch Z 715 - Surface Grinding Machine - Mitsubishi Electric GOT2000 CNC control - Operator panel with handwheel - Includes technical documentation and operating manual - Spindle operating time approx. 1970 hours - Year of manufacture: 2019 Technical data - Max. grinding area: 1500 x 800 mm - Cross travel: 750 mm - Longitudinal travel: 1900 mm - Distance table to spindle center: 600 mm Bwedpfxjz Iqv Tj Afgeu - Table load including magnet: 1600 kg - Feed rate - Longitudinal axis: 1000 - 30000 mm/min - Feed rate - Cross axis: 0.01 - 2000 mm/min - Feed rate - Vertical axis: 0.001 - 1500 mm/min - Grinding wheel: 400 x 80 x 127 mm - Power of grinding spindle motor: 11 kW - Speed range: 900 - 2600 rpm - Max. cutting speeds of the grinding wheel: depending on the model, 35 or 50 m/s - Oil volume: 300 l - Noise emission: < 70 dBA - Connection voltage: 400 V / 50 Hz - Rated power: 27 kW - Fuse rating: 50 A - Space requirement W x D: 5727 x 3578 mm - Machine weight: approx. 9300 kg

Condition: used, Deburring machine with brushes, tube deburring machine, BAUER Type BE 1 Machine No. Year of manufacture 2005 Brush diameter 250 mm Bwjdpfxohrkrwj Afgeu Brush width 25 - 60 mm Speed 1500 / 3000 rpm Power 2.2 / 3 kW Power supply 380 volts, 50 Hz - Material support - New deburring brush Space requirement L x W x H 550 x 450 x 440 mm Weight 65 kg In good condition

Condition: used, Technical details: workpiece length: 600 mm pivoting angle: 100 Grad tilting and declining: re/li:30° Grad grinding wheel dia. (used wheel): 175x35 mm total power requirement: ca. 1,5 kW weight of the machine ca.: ca. 250 kg dimensions L x W x H: L.0;85xB:0;7xB:1;6 m Carbid Metal Tool Grinding Machine (chisel grinding machine) Bedpfx Afeu Ng Hbjgswu version double grinding disc machine grinding disc = diamond grinding disc with 175x35mm drill cutting edge via tilting lever *

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1980, machine/vehicle number: 46.60, workpiece length:310 mm work piece width:150 mm workpiece height:210 mm spindle speed max.:2800 U/min distance grinding wheel - table:280 mm Bsdpfx Afscxxlrjgswu magnetic clamping plate: magnetic:300 x 150 x 70 mm spindle throat:250 mm Column-Diameter:130 mm total power requirement:1,9 kW weight of the machine ca.:0,58 t dimensions of the machine ca.:0,62 x 0,72 x 1,80 m

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2009, operating hours: 7,860 h, functionality: fully functional, total length: 2,160 mm, total width: 1,110 mm, total height: 1,600 mm, overall weight: 2,600 kg, input frequency: 50 Hz, type of input current: three-phase, input voltage: 400 V, We offer this used Officine Monzesi Monza 410, manufactured in 2009. MONZESI Monza 410 CNC 1 centerless grinder High-precision machine in excellent working condition, available for inspection under power. Ideal for high-volume precision grinding (automotive, medical, aerospace, or micro-technical components). The original configuration of this machine made it possible to perform micrometer-precision machining of highly sensitive parts (sapphire disks). 🛠️ Key Technical Specifications • Workpiece capacity (external diameter): From 3 to 100 mm. • Maximum plunging/traverse length: 200 mm • Grinding wheel: Max. external Ø 406 mm | Max. standard width 200 mm | Motor power 15 kW (1560 rpm). • Drive wheel: Max. external Ø 254 mm | Max. standard width 200 mm | Brushless servomotor 3.9 kW, variable speed (5 to 285 rpm). • X-axis (Slide Feed): Satellite roller screw (Ø 32 mm, pitch 5 mm) driven by a 6 Nm digital servomotor with a direct optical scale for absolute micrometer precision (programmable minimum increment of 0.0005 mm). 💻 Numerical Control & Automation • CNC: FANUC Power Mate iD digital with Fanuc motors and actuators. • Operator interface: Color touchscreen with graphical pages designed for quick and easy operation. • Electronic precision: Programmable minimum increment of 0.0001 mm. • CNC advantages: Absolute encoders (pulse coders) eliminating the need for referencing at start-up, statistical management of the X-axis with programmable automatic compensation for grinding wheel wear. 📦 Included Accessories and Peripherals The machine is sold with its original equipment and essential workshop accessories: • Oil mist extraction: AR FILTRAZIONI model ARNO 1 VF system (max. flow rate 1500 m³/h) for pollution control in the work area. • Mechanical equipment: Blade holder for in-line operation, grinding wheel holder (Ø 203 mm), drive wheel holder, and static balancing devices and pivots for the grinding wheels. Bwjdpfx Afjz Ernlogou • Safety & Ergonomics: Full sliding protective enclosure compliant with CE standards, secured by automatic locking during wheel rotation, and equipped with internal lighting. • Complete original documentation: Installation, operation, and maintenance manuals, parts catalog, and complete electrical/hydraulic/pneumatic diagrams. (Note: Machine sold without its original fabric filter unit). 📝 Sales Terms & Logistics • Year of manufacture: 2008. • Condition: Very good condition, regular geometric cycles. • Inspection: Machine available for inspection in working condition and under power for testing. • Removal: Lifting, handling, loading onto a truck, and transportation are the sole responsibility of the buyer. (Provide lifting equipment suitable for the weight of the machine base: 2,600 kg excluding the electrical cabinet). • Price: CHF 30,000 (excluding VAT). Manufacturer: Officine Monzesi Model: Monza 410 Year of manufacture: 2009 Condition: Used Category ID: 26 If you have any questions or require further information, please do not hesitate to send us a message or call us.

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2019, functionality: fully functional, CNC cylindrical grinding machine Lizzini IG-FL Year of manufacture: 2019 Condition: Absolutely new Control system: Siemens 840D sl Equipment: - 2 external grinding wheels Bwjdpfxoz E Hyvs Afgeu - 1 internal grinding attachment with C-axis and fully controlled B-axis Distance between centers: 1000 mm Distance between centers (height): 200 mm

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2002, machine/vehicle number: 10229, functionality: fully functional, operating hours: 25,000 h, power: 13 kW (17.68 HP), input voltage: 400 V, input current: 32 A, input frequency: 50 Hz, type of input current: three-phase, grinding belt width: 200 mm, grinding belt length: 1,800 mm, grinding height: 190 mm, height adjustment type: electric, actuation type: electric, total height: 1,890 mm, total length: 2,070 mm, total width: 1,020 mm, overall weight: 1,500 kg, Equipment: CE marking, documentation/manual, The machine is in very good condition, has been used only a little, with the option of refurbishment upon agreement. Bwodjyt Hkuopfx Afgju

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2001, Grinding length 600 mm Grinding width 400 mm Workpiece height 375 mm Psc Ha N Ssz D Itnev Dsgt Longitudinal travel of the table max. 660 mm Transverse travel of the table max. 410 mm Distance from spindle center to table max. 525 mm Table speed 2 - 28 m/min Table load max. 400 kg Intermittent transverse feed of the table 3 - 40 mm Rapid traverse in the transverse direction 1 m/min Grinding wheel dimensions max. 300 x 50 x 76.2 mm Total power requirement 8 kW Bsdpfx Asz Hduaefgowu Machine weight approx. 2.1 t Machine dimensions L x W x H 2.75 x 1.7 x 2.42 m

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2012, functionality: fully functional, CNC-controlled flank grinding machine for band saws • Grinding mist extraction fully integrated into the base machine • Equipped with a 4-axis CNC control system • Each movement can be controlled individually via stepper motors, resulting in minimal idle times • The clearly arranged display also serves as an operating element via a touchscreen • The advanced saw tooth can be finished-ground multiple times in one position • Pneumatic additional clamping device for stabilizing thin saw teeth, thereby increasing dimensional accuracy • Powerful coolant system with full enclosure • With a special program (option), variable tooth widths, tooth pitches, and tooth heights can be ground * Feed from the left Technical data: • Tooth pitch: 15 - 100 mm • Flank clearance angle: 0° - 7° • Blade width: 75 - 360 mm • Blade length: from 5.3 m • Cup grinding wheel diameter: 75 or 100 mm Bedpoz Hdpwjfx Afgewu • Bore diameter: 20 mm Blade height measuring device for band saws and ripsaws Safety package for cleaning system with flow monitor and pneumatic valve Machine-side connection to cleaning system for ISELI machines bc130, bc240, bc325, em300 Yellow signal lamp Grinding programs / software licenses Program for variable tooth pitches. The tooth pitch is entered on the machine's touchscreen Setup of band saws 1 set of lateral and rear blade supports, setup for narrow band saws with eccentric clamping from 25mm, vernier adjustment for the flank angle adjustments on the tooth back and tooth face, pneumatic additional clamping device for cup grinding wheels with diameters of 75 mm + 100 mm Flank grinding with radius, flank measuring device for protrusion and cutting gap.