Used Mütek Shredder For Pallets And Waste Wood for sale (23,307)

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, Weima single shaft shredder type WL 6 Power 18,5 kW Our machine concept WL 6 The Weima high performance shredders with their flexible can process all kinds of wood materials (hardwood, softwood, chipboard, MDF materials softwood, chipboard, MDF materials, plywood, veneer residues etc. ) into and, in the case of bulky materials, achieve an enormous volume reduction of the material. enormous volume reduction of the material. Mode of operation: The machine is equipped with a large hopper and can be fed by a conveyor belt or by hand. fed by means of a conveyor belt or by hand. This hopper can be adapted to individual needs and guarantees a continuous and cost effective and cost effective material feed without the need for manual assistance. manual assistance. Vqwemi Technical specification WL 6 / 18,5 kW Hopper opening: 800 x 1.000 mm hopper capacity: 0,9 m³ working width of the rotor: 800 mm diameter of the rotor: 252 mm Driving power: 18,5 kW Rotor speed: 80 -120 rpm Number of knives: 42 pieces type and size of knives: concave / 40 x 40 mm, cutting reversible crowns Sieve perforation: 10-60 mm possible (standard 15-20 mm) Painting: WEIMA standard RAL 2002 / 7016 connected load: 400 V +/- 5% / 50 Hz weight: approx. 1.600 kg Included: - Switch cabinet ( Rittal ) incl. electrical control ( Moeller / Siemens ) and Gisdoh Eiw Iopfx Ag Rsu star-delta start-up - Rubber oscillating elements - V - rotor ( patented ) with knife pockets fixed in the profile - gear limit switch - On

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, Weima single shaft shredder type WL 6 Power 18,5 kW Our machine concept WL 6 The Weima high performance shredders with their flexible can process all kinds of wood materials (hardwood, softwood, chipboard, MDF materials softwood, chipboard, MDF materials, plywood, veneer residues etc. ) into and, in the case of bulky materials, achieve an enormous volume reduction of the material. enormous volume reduction of the material. Mode of operation: The machine is equipped with a large hopper and can be fed by a conveyor belt or by hand. fed by means of a conveyor belt or by hand. This hopper can be adapted to individual needs and guarantees a continuous and cost effective and cost effective material feed without the need for manual assistance. Gijdpfsh Hnp Djx Ag Rsu manual assistance. Technical specification WL 6 / 18.5 kW hopper opening: 800 x 1.000 mm hopper capacity: 0,9 m³ working width of the rotor: 800 mm diameter of the rotor: 252 mm Driving power: 18,5 kW Rotor speed: 80 -120 rpm Number of knives: 42 pieces type and size of knives: concave / 40 x 40 mm, cutting reversible crowns Sieve perforation: 10-60 mm possible (standard 15-20 mm) Painting: WEIMA standard RAL 2002 / 7016 connected load: 400 V +/- 5% / 50 Hz weight: approx. 1.600 kg Included: - Switch cabinet ( Rittal ) incl. electrical control ( Moeller / Siemens ) and star-delta start-up - Rubber oscillating elements - V - rotor ( patented ) with knife pockets fixed in the profile - gear limit switch - Contact pressure

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2024, Single-shaft shredder HOKUTech special offer model H600 Compact, robust, high throughput The H600 high-performance shredder with its flexible application options can process all types of wood-based materials (hardwood, softwood, chipboard, MDF materials, plywood, veneer residues, etc.) into chips and achieves an enormous reduction in the volume of bulky materials. The hydraulically controlled pusher feeds the wood waste to be shredded into the cutting area of the rotor and is controlled automatically and load-dependent. The high-performance solid steel electric rotor has a diameter of 252 mm and operates at a rotor speed of 85-95 rpm. The concave-ground, aggressive and 4-way rotating knives / reversible cutting crowns are located in milled knife pockets on special knife carriers. This highly efficient system guarantees high throughput, low energy consumption and optimum discharge of the shredded material by reducing the cutting gap between the counter blade and the rotor. Chip size (10 - 60 mm) Technical data: - Hopper opening - Hopper capacity - Working width of the rotor - Diameter of the rotor - Drive power - Rotor speed 600 x 800 mm 0.6 m3 600 mm 252 mm 15 kW 90 rpm Giodpeutmw Hofx Ag Rsu Location: Comes to stock 54634 Bitburg - available by arrangement -

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, Weima chipper / shredder WL 8 The WL 8 single-shaft shredder is a proven classic for shredding all types of wood waste. It is used, for example, thousands of times in wood-processing plants all over the world. The high quantity of these highly demanded shredders guarantees a proven and reliable technology at the best price-performance ratio. The machines are characterized by their very robust design, which ensures an extremely long service life (even outdoors). Intuitive operation thanks to Siemens PLC control with touch display. To ensure that the electronics are optimally matched to the machine, we design, build and wire our control cabinets ourselves. We only use high-quality components - for example from Siemens or Rittal. Intuitive touch interfaces guarantee quick adjustments. Functions such as setting the slider clock or stop ensure high throughput. The built-in overload protection also prevents defects in the machine. No material bridges due to free-cutting hopper design The hopper fulfills several tasks at once. First, the material to be shredded is fed through it - manually, mechanically, or by conveyor belt. The generous opening makes it easy to fill even very large parts. However, its special design, which is rounded at the front and thus effectively prevents material bridges, is decisive for shredding. Even with bulky parts, the shredder cuts itself free. If required, both hopper extensions and lids with gas pressure springs are available. Durable rotor bearings thanks to offset design A rotor bearing must be particularly robustly built due to the extreme stresses it is subjected to during shredding operation. To prevent dust or foreign matter from getting inside it, we have set it apart from the machine frame. This also makes it very maintenance-friendly and easy to access. Rotor diameter (mm): 260 Rotor length (mm): 1000 Rotor speed (rpm): 80 - 125 Gisdspdqzxepfx Ag Rou Power (kW) 22 Number of knives: 54 Available knife sizes (mm): 40 x 40 Grain size (mm): Suction port (mm): 200 Feed opening (mm): 1000 x 1250 length (mm): 2045 width (mm): 1740 height (mm): 1840 Weight (approx. kg): 2200 Accessories: - 2nd row of knives - logspacer Location: Ex stock 54634 Bitburg - immediately available -

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOGUE NUMBER 8013 Gedpfjzbb H Hex Ag Rsiu TECHNICAL DATA - inlet width 450mm - inlet height 210mm - shaft width 450mm - shaft diameter 550mm - number of knives 2 pcs - traction shaft, toothed, top and bottom 2 × 2.2kW - additionally, a toothed traction roller at the bottom, in front of the traction shaft - electric auto-reverse (with adjustable settings) - reverse gear - belt conveyor - conveyor length 2260mm - conveyor belt width 430mm - main motor 45kW - overall dimensions of the conveyor (length/width/height) 4900x1700x1700mm - weight approximately 3000kg ADVANTAGES – with belt conveyor – electric auto-reverse – reverse gear – used shredder, very good condition Net price: 76900 PLN Net price: 18310 EUR, depending on an exchange rate of 4.20 EUR (Prices are subject to change due to significant fluctuations)

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, operating hours: 4 h, functionality: fully functional, power: 15 kW (20.39 HP), overall weight: 1,200 kg, total length: 1,750 mm, total width: 1,200 mm, total height: 1,640 mm, working width: 630 mm, input voltage: 400 V, control cabinet height: 200 mm, control cabinet length: 600 mm, control cabinet width: 600 mm, number of blades: 15, rotational speed (max.): 100 rpm, rotor diameter: 260 mm, rotor width: 630 mm, sieve perforation: 15 mm, type of input current: AC, warranty duration: 12 months, Equipment: documentation/manual, Recycling shredder, wood shredder, chipper, shredder MHR630 ecoline The MHR ecoline series comprises robust and energy-efficient wood shredding machines designed for reliable continuous operation in commercial environments. These plug-and-play shredders offer high performance, low energy consumption, and excellent value for money. This makes them ideal for craft businesses, recycling companies, and wood processing companies looking for an economical yet powerful solution. The machines are manufactured and distributed directly from our factory in Germany. Advantages: Gsdpfx Agezcna Ao Rjiu - Continuous, uniform shredding process - High performance with low energy consumption - Includes Ecoring - Robust construction - Larger feed opening - Excellent value for money - Plug-and-play (5-pole CEE plug, 400V, 32A three-phase power) - Siemens PLC controlled - MHR630 ecoline_Ecoring Rößler recycling shredder – “Made in Germany”

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOG NUMBER 7611 Technical specifications: - Inlet dimensions: 460x180mm - Outlet diameter: 300mm - Shaft width: 550mm - Shaft diameter: 350mm - Number of knives: 10 pcs - Knives arranged in 2 rows - Autoreverse function - Knife setting device - Sieve diameter: 30mm - Feeding conveyor from top and bottom - Bottom pull shaft - Feeding conveyor length: 4400mm - Main motor: 37kW - Upper feed motor: 1.5kW - Lower feed motor: 2.2kW - Dimensions (L/W/H): 6100x1150x1000mm - Weight approx: 3500kg Giedpfx Agszbavaj Rju ADVANTAGES – German-made – Autoreverse function – Feeding conveyor from top and bottom – Knife setting device – Very good condition – Used shredder Net price: 98,900 PLN Net price: 23,550 EUR Net price calculated at 4.2 PLN/EUR (Price may change with significant currency fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2017, CATALOGUE NUMBER 8014 TECHNICAL DATA - inlet width 540mm - inlet height 260mm - roller width 560mm - roller diameter 590mm - number of knives on the roller 4 pcs - feed rollers, geared, top and bottom 2x4kW Gsdsza Tvdopfx Ag Rjiu - screen 40x35mm - electric auto-reverse (adjustable) - reverse gear - vibrating feeder 2.2kW - vibrating feeder length 6000mm - vibrating feeder width 500mm - capacity approximately 12-16 m³/h (depending on the type of material being shredded and the screen opening) - main motor 75kW - automatic hydraulic lifting function for the upper feed roller - overall dimensions of the vibrating feeder 6000x950x1600mm - overall dimensions of the machine L/W/H 3400x1700x2000mm - total weight approximately 6000kg ADVANTAGES - vibrating feed table 6000mm - electric auto-reverse (adjustable) - reverse gear - manufactured by the Polish brand OSKA - electrical diagram, DTR documentation + CE - unpainted - used shredder, very good condition Net price: 179900 PLN Net price: 42834 EUR, depending on the exchange rate of 4.20 EUR (Prices may change due to higher fluctuations)

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1991, power: 22 kW (29.91 HP), suitable for pallets or other residual material Rotor width = working width 98 cm 22 kw motor with discharge auger Godpst Tvk Ajfx Ag Roiu

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, operating hours: 4 h, functionality: fully functional, power: 18.5 kW (25.15 HP), overall weight: 1,400 kg, total length: 2,135 mm, total width: 1,480 mm, total height: 1,775 mm, working width: 830 mm, input voltage: 400 V, control cabinet height: 200 mm, control cabinet length: 600 mm, control cabinet width: 600 mm, number of blades: 20, rotational speed (max.): 100 rpm, rotor diameter: 260 mm, rotor width: 830 mm, sieve perforation: 15 mm, type of input current: AC, warranty duration: 12 months, Equipment: documentation/manual, Hacker shredders, wood chippers, and grinders – MHR830 ecoline The MHR ecoline series comprises robust and energy-efficient wood shredding machines designed for reliable continuous operation in commercial environments. These plug-and-play shredders offer high performance, low energy consumption, and excellent value for money. This makes them ideal for craft businesses, recycling companies, and woodworking operations that are looking for an economical and high-performance solution. The machine is manufactured and distributed directly from our factory in Germany. Advantages - Continuous, consistent shredding process - High performance with low energy consumption - Robust construction - Larger feed opening - Excellent value for money - Ready for connection Gjdpfx Aozcf Ttog Roiu - Siemens PLC controlled - MHR830 ecoline Rößler shredders – "Made in Germany"

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOG NO. 7191 Gjdoza Erdspfx Ag Reiu TECHNICAL DATA - loading hopper inlet: 870x735mm - rotor working width: 720mm - main motor: 18.5kW - pump motor: approx. 0.75kW - number of knives: 17 pcs - knife size: 80x40mm - screen: 20mm - pressing drawer - electric auto-reverse - outlet for shredded wood: Ø250mm - dimensions (L/W/H): 2000x1350x1370mm - weight: 1586kg ADVANTAGES – pressing drawer – very good condition – used chipper Net price: 33,900 PLN Net price: 8,070 EUR based on an exchange rate of 4.2 EUR (Prices may vary with larger fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), Catalogue number 7291 TECHNICAL DATA - Infeed width: 500mm - Infeed height: 200mm - Shaft width: 630mm - Knife length: 630mm Giodjza Ek Hjpfx Ag Rju - Number of knives: 2 pcs - Sieve dimensions: 60x60mm - Lower toothed feed shaft - Lower shaft motor: 4kW - Upper toothed feed shaft - Upper shaft motor: 4kW - Feed belt length: 4100mm - Feed belt width: 400mm - Feeder motor approx. 2kW - Main motor: 55kW - Autoreverse - Feeder dimensions (L/W/H): 4670x760x720mm - Machine dimensions (L/W/H): 2550x1800x1300mm - Weight approx. 4000kg – German-made – Autoreverse – Used chipper, in very good condition Original photos Net price: 118,900 PLN Net price: 28,300 EUR (based on exchange rate of 4.2 EUR) (Prices may vary with significant fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), Catalogue number 7687 TECHNICAL DATA - Inlet width: 540 mm - Inlet height: 300 mm - Shaft width: 630 mm - Shaft diameter: 700 mm - Knife length: 630 mm - Number of knives: 2 pcs - Screen size: 40x40 mm - Bottom driven serrated shaft - Lower shaft motor: 4 kW - Top driven serrated shaft - Upper shaft motor: 4 kW - Belt feeder Gsdeza Ei Nepfx Ag Roiu - Feeder belt length: 4720 mm - Feeder belt width: 500 mm - Main motor: 75 kW - Autoreverse (adjustable) - Overall machine dimensions (L/W/H): 3100x2000x1830 mm - Overall feeder dimensions (L/W/H): 4800x780x980 mm - Weight: approx. 5000 kg ADVANTAGES – German-made – Autoreverse – Used chipper, in very good condition Net price: 120,900 PLN Net price: 28,780 EUR depending on exchange rate at 4.2 EUR (Prices may vary in case of significant fluctuations)

Condition: new, The price/performance ratio of this model is very good; it is easy to operate, reliable, and inexpensive to maintain. Modern PLC control including control cabinet & cable (5 m) Segmented push floor Screening basket with interchangeable screen Foreign object detection/overload protection Automatic shut-off Gisdpfxeza Erke Ag Reu Potential-free contact CE Motor power: 15.0/18.5/22.0 kW, 400 V, 50 Hz Rotor width: approx. 915 mm Rotor diameter: 325 mm Cutting blades: 40 pcs., (30 x 30 mm) Counter blade: steel, 1 pcs. standard Screen size: 7 - 40 mm (other screen sizes available upon request) Standard size feed hopper 920 x 1220 mm Flange adapter for extraction 200 x 200 mm Dimensions (L x W x H): approx. 2,320 x 1,500 x 1,890 mm Weight: approx. 1,980 kg OPTIONAL: additional row of cutting blades on the rotor second counter blade Cutting blades, screen, counter blade made of special steel Hopper dimensions according to customer requirements Hopper with pneumatically opening lid Note on used machines: • Errors and omissions in technical data and prior sale reserved. • The stated prices are ex-works prices, collection only – free loading! • The machine has been cleaned and function-tested. • All machines are sold as seen, without any warranty claims. The buyer is free to inspect the machines on site. • Special agreements are only possible in written form. (We will only answer inquiries if you provide your address and telephone number!)

Condition: excellent (used), Catalogue number 7268 TECHNICAL DATA - Loading hopper dimensions (top) L/W: 1000x600mm - Loading hopper dimensions (bottom) L/W: 650x600mm - Rotor width: 570mm - Motor: 15kW - Screen: 16x12mm - Knife size: 40x70mm - Number of knives: 18 pcs - Autoreverse - Pressure drawer - Pump motor: 0.75kW - Dimensions L/W/H: 1900x1450x1450mm - Weight: 1040kg ADVANTAGES – German production – Not repainted – Very good condition – Used shredder Original photos Video of machine start-up: youtube.com/watch?v=fSKMkMPlp-8 Giedpfsza Eabjx Ag Rou Net price: 29,900 PLN Net price: 7,120 EUR (based on rate 4.2 PLN/EUR) (Prices may vary with currency fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOG NO. 6631 TECHNICAL DATA - Loading hopper opening: 285x305mm - Motor: 7.35 kW - Number of knives: 3 pcs + 2 counter knives - Knife size: 300x75mm - Screen (2 types): 10mm, 8mm - Extraction nozzle diameter: 100mm - Dimensions (L/W/H): 1070x900x1980mm Gisdeza D Uqspfx Ag Rju - Weight: 613kg ADVANTAGES – Swedish production – Additional screen included – Very good condition – Used chipper Net price: 22,900 PLN Net price: 5,450 EUR Net price calculated at 4.2 PLN/EUR (In case of significant exchange rate fluctuations, price may change)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOG NUMBER 6875 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS - Infeed width: 720 mm - Infeed height: 160 mm - Maximum input material thickness: 160 mm - Shaft width: 720 mm - Shaft diameter: 600 mm - Knife length: 80 mm Gjdpfoza D T Tex Ag Rjiu - Number of knives: 4×12 pcs - Screen size: 25 mm - Infeed pressure feed roller motor: 0.75 kW - Lower toothed feed roller motor: 1.8 kW - Upper toothed feed roller motor: 1.8 kW - Vibrating chute length: 4470 mm - Vibrating chute width: 710 mm - Vibrating chute motor: 2.2 kW - Main motor: 55 kW - Autoreverse (with adjustable control) - Extraction nozzle diameter: 260 mm - Vibrating chute dimensions (L/W/H): 4470/950/930 mm - Machine dimensions (L/W/H): 3100/1500/1170 mm - Total weight: approx. 5500 kg – German manufacture – Very low hours – Original documentation – Used shredder, condition very good / excellent Net price: 139,900 PLN Net price: 33,300 EUR Net price calculated at an exchange rate of 4.2 PLN/EUR (In the event of significant exchange rate fluctuations, the price may be subject to change)

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 1974, Catalogue number 7685 TECHNICAL DATA - feed opening width: 440mm - feed opening height: 300mm - shaft width: 480mm - shaft diameter: 440mm - number of knives: 2 pcs - screen size: 50x50mm - toothed feed roller from top and bottom - shaft motor: 0.78/1.1kW - electric auto-reverse (adjustable) - with conveyor belt - feed belt length: 4006mm - feed belt width: 380mm - belt feed forward/reverse - main motor: 30kW - dimensions (L/W/H): 6100x1100x1100mm - weight approx. 2000kg ADVANTAGES – German-made – with conveyor feeder – auto-reverse – used chipper, in very good condition Net price: 76,900 PLN Net price: 18,300 EUR depending on the exchange rate of 4.2 EUR Giedpfx Aoza D Tmog Reu (Prices may change with significant fluctuations)

Condition: used, REF: MM6461 1 x Nielsen melting tank for butter and chocolate. Serial number – 030216. Capacity – 150 litres (approx.). Electrical requirements – 400 V / 60 hz / 3 phase. Power – 3 kW / 10 Amps. Manufactured in stainless-steel. Gijdpfxezcdb Ao Ag Rsu All equipment to be removed from the factory by the Buyer.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2023, functionality: fully functional, power: 18.5 kW (25.15 HP), overall weight: 1,200 kg, fuel type: electric, color: dark red, loading space volume: 0.6 m³, loading space width: 630 mm, loading space length: 820 mm, loading space height: 1,050 mm, This shredder is brand new. Gjdozca Acopfx Ag Roiu

Condition: used, Included in the scope of delivery: 01x single-use pallet, used Material: wood Dimensions: 1,900 x 1,000 x 136 mm Forklift access: 4-way Giodpfx Agoyk Dmho Rju Design: 6 deck boards (75 mm wide) Board thickness: approx. 20 mm Base: 3 skids Weight per piece: approx. 18.24 kg The stated price refers to the pick-up price (per unit), incl. VAT. Your contacts at our company: Mr. Andre Evering Mr. Mario Klöver Mr. Falk Deutsch General information about the item: This item is available for pick-up only. If transport or shipping beyond pick-up is required, additional costs will apply, which depend on delivery location and scope, and can be inquired about separately.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, operating hours: 4 h, functionality: fully functional, power: 18.5 kW (25.15 HP), overall weight: 1,250 kg, total length: 1,750 mm, total width: 1,200 mm, total height: 1,640 mm, working width: 630 mm, input voltage: 400 V, control cabinet height: 200 mm, control cabinet length: 600 mm, control cabinet width: 600 mm, number of blades: 30, rotational speed (max.): 100 rpm, rotor diameter: 260 mm, rotor width: 630 mm, sieve perforation: 15 mm, type of input current: AC, warranty duration: 12 months, Equipment: documentation/manual, Waste material shredder, Hacker wood shredder, chipper, shredder MHR630 proline Gsdezbz H Hopfx Ag Reiu The MHR proline series consists of robust and energy-efficient wood shredding machines designed for reliable continuous operation in commercial environments. These ready-to-connect shredders offer high performance, low energy consumption, and excellent value for money. This makes them ideal for craft businesses, recycling companies, and industrial enterprises seeking an economical yet powerful solution. Advantages: - Continuous, uniform shredding process - High performance with low energy consumption - 2 rows of knives for increased throughput - Robust construction - Larger feed opening - Excellent value for money - Ready for connection - Controlled by Siemens PLC - MHR630 proline Rößler waste material shredder – “Made in Germany”

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOG NUMBER 7725 Gsdpfxjzadxpo Ag Rsiu TECHNICAL DATA - Loading hopper inlet 1200x1000mm - Outlet for shredded wood ø 200mm - Rotor working width 980mm - Main motor 22kW - Number of knives 24 pcs - Knife dimensions 30x30mm - Screen 16/11mm - Feed drawer - Electric auto-reverse - Dimensions (L/W/H) 2600x2000x1720mm - Weight 2125kg ADVANTAGES – German production – Auto-reverse – Feed drawer – Very good condition – Used wood shredder Net price: 95,900 PLN Net price: 22,830 euro depending on exchange rate, 4.2 euro (Prices may vary in case of significant fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), Catalogue number 7411 TECHNICAL DATA - Infeed width: 400 mm - Infeed height: 180 mm - Shaft width: 430 mm - Shaft diameter: 430 mm - Knife length: 430 mm - Number of knives: 2 pcs - Screen dimensions: 60x60 mm - 2 gear-driven feed rollers from below - Lower feed roller motor: 1.5 kW - Gear-driven feed roller from above - Upper feed roller motor: 1.5 kW - Belt feeder - Belt feeder length: 2250 mm - Belt feeder width: 400 mm - Main motor: 30 kW - Auto-reverse - Overall dimensions (L/W/H): 4300x1630x1000 mm - Weight: 1800 kg Giodpfxozadvzs Ag Rou - German made - Auto-reverse (adjustable) - Used chipper, in very good condition Net price: 69,900 PLN Net price: 16,640 EUR based on rate 4.2 EUR (Prices may change with higher fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOG NUMBER 7899 Technical data: - Chipper intake section: 410mm x 180mm Gisdpfx Agozadvhj Rsu - Shaft width: 430mm - Shaft diameter: 400mm - Number of knives: 2 pcs - Sieve size: 60x60mm - Upper feed roller, toothed - Lower feed rollers: 2 units, toothed - Infeed belt length: 2180mm - Infeed belt width: 400mm - Autoreverse (adjustable) - Main motor: 30kW - Feed motor: 2×2.2kW - Machine dimensions (L/W/H): 4300x1600x1100mm - Weight: approx. 2000kg ADVANTAGES – Italian manufacture – Non-painted – Electric adjustment of body height – Used multi-blade saw, very good condition Net price: 69,900 PLN Net price: 16,640 EUR with the exchange rate of 4.2 (Prices subject to change with significant fluctuations)